EXAM 1 NR 545 with complete solutions Answers RATED A

EXAM 1 NR 545 Question and Answer Bank | Expert-Verified Solutions otitis media (OM) - answer - Inflammation or infection of the middle ear cavity earache - answer - otalgia Tx for otitis media - answer - Antibiotics - only for recurrent otitis media Most commonly tx OM with this - answer - Acetaminophen or ibuprofen Otitis Externa (Swimmer's Ear) - answer - infection of the external auditory canal and pinna How does otitis externa occur - answer - Swimming, irritation, introductions of organisms when cleaning the ear s/s of otitis externa - answer - pain, purulent discharge, hearing deficit How to differentiate OM & otitis externa - answer - Otitis externa will have pain with movement of the pinna early signs of ototoxicity - answer - Tinnitus (ringing in ears) What causes ototoxicity? - answer - Atbx, such as streptomycin, neomycin, vancomycin, the analgesics aspirin and ibuprofen, furosemide., and some antineoplastic agents Management of tinnitus - answer - Noise suppression therapy, meds, forms of alternative medicines such as lipid-flavonoids (no claims of success) Is there a cure for tinnitus? - answer - No, manage symptoms First line tx for suspected ruptured tympanic membrane - answer - Heal on its own, Tylenol or ibuprofen, amoxicillin Sensorineural hearing loss - answer - Develops with damage to the organ of Cori or the auditory nerve What does sensorineural hearing loss result from? - answer - Infection, particularly viral infections including rubella. Influenza, herpes or damage from head trauma Conductive hearing loss - answer - When sound is blocked in the external ear or middle ear from wax, Foreign object, scar tissue or adhesions Conjunctivitis - answer - Pink eye - superficial inflammation or infection incoming the conjunctiva lining the eyelids and covering the sclera What organisms causes pink eye - answer - Staphylococcus aureus Tx of conjuctivitis - answer - Antibiotic eye drops, polymyxin b, wrhthromycin Causes of conjunctivitis - answer - Contacts, makeup, fingers, contaminated towels Bacterial conjuctivitis - answer - Red or pink eyes, green/yellow discharge, crusty eyes, occurs in mostly 1 eye Viral conjuctivitis - answer - Pink, swelling, watery, sensitivity to light, one or both eyes Allergic conjunctivitis - answer - Redness, itching, watery eyes viral conjuctivitis - answer - Pink , swelling, watery eyes, sensitivity to light, one or both eyes Conjunctivitis is caused by what organism? - answer - Staph aureus Tx for conductivitis - answer - Polymyxin b or erythromycin Tx for viral conjunctivitis - answer - Eye drops for itching, oral antihistamines, cool wet compress Rhinovirus - answer - common cold How is rhinovirus caused? - answer - By a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The most common pathogen is rhinovirus , but also can be adenovirus, parainfluenza virus or coronavirus rhinitis - answer - inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose caused by allergic rxn to allergen triggers, or can be viral in nature allergic rhinitis - answer - IgE mediated in response to seasonal allergic triggers such as grass, pollen, mold Symptoms of allergic rhinitis - answer - Rhinorrhea, stuffiness, sneezing, itchy watery eyes Tx for allergic rhinitis - answer - Nasal corticosteroids, OTC antihistamines including oral and nasal sprays sinusitis - answer - Inflammation of the tissues lining the sinuses bacterial sinusitis - answer - Sinus infection - caused by bacteria - usually after viral infection blocks the sinuses from draining How to differentiate bacterial sinusitis - answer - Symptoms will last greater than 10 days, worse after 3-4 days. Includes fever. First line tx for bacterial sinusitis - answer - Amoxicillin Second line tx if pcn allergy - answer - Doxycycline viral sinusitis - answer - Inflammation and congestion of the sinuses due to infection of the upper resp