NUR 505 - ADVANCED NURSING
RESEARCH: EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS
1. Which of the following describes the ‘Beneficence’ principle as outlined in the Belmont
Report?
A. The requirement that participants enter into research voluntarily.
B. The maintenance of participant confidentiality and anonymity.
C. The fair distribution of the burdens and benefits of research.
D. The obligation to maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Beneficence refers to the ethical obligation to do no harm while
maximizing potential benefits for the research subjects.
2. A researcher is studying the effect of a new educational intervention on the blood glucose
levels of diabetic patients. What is the independent variable?
A. Blood glucose levels.
B. The diabetic patients.
C. The hospital setting.
,D. The educational intervention.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The independent variable is the intervention or condition being
manipulated; here, it is the educational program.
3. In a qualitative study, when a researcher continues to collect data until no new information
or themes emerge, this state is known as:
A. Data redundancy.
B. Theoretical sampling.
C. Data saturation.
D. Member checking.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Data saturation is reached when the researcher finds that no
new insights are being gained from additional participants.
4. Which level of evidence is considered the ‘gold standard’ for testing the effectiveness of a
clinical intervention?
A. Expert opinion.
B. Case-control studies.
C. Qualitative meta-syntheses.
D. Systematic reviews of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Systematic reviews of RCTs provide the highest level of evidence
by synthesizing all available experimental data on a topic.
5. What is the primary purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
A. To protect the rights and welfare of human subjects.
B. To secure funding for the research project.
C. To ensure the statistical validity of a study.
D. To review the literature for historical accuracy.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The IRB’s role is to ensure that research is ethical and that the
risks to human subjects are justified by the potential benefits.
6. A researcher uses a survey to measure ‘quality of life’ but later discovers the survey
actually measures ‘socioeconomic status.’ This is a problem with:
A. Reliability.
B. Generalizability.
C. Feasibility.
D. Validity.
Answer: D
RESEARCH: EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS
1. Which of the following describes the ‘Beneficence’ principle as outlined in the Belmont
Report?
A. The requirement that participants enter into research voluntarily.
B. The maintenance of participant confidentiality and anonymity.
C. The fair distribution of the burdens and benefits of research.
D. The obligation to maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Beneficence refers to the ethical obligation to do no harm while
maximizing potential benefits for the research subjects.
2. A researcher is studying the effect of a new educational intervention on the blood glucose
levels of diabetic patients. What is the independent variable?
A. Blood glucose levels.
B. The diabetic patients.
C. The hospital setting.
,D. The educational intervention.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The independent variable is the intervention or condition being
manipulated; here, it is the educational program.
3. In a qualitative study, when a researcher continues to collect data until no new information
or themes emerge, this state is known as:
A. Data redundancy.
B. Theoretical sampling.
C. Data saturation.
D. Member checking.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Data saturation is reached when the researcher finds that no
new insights are being gained from additional participants.
4. Which level of evidence is considered the ‘gold standard’ for testing the effectiveness of a
clinical intervention?
A. Expert opinion.
B. Case-control studies.
C. Qualitative meta-syntheses.
D. Systematic reviews of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Systematic reviews of RCTs provide the highest level of evidence
by synthesizing all available experimental data on a topic.
5. What is the primary purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
A. To protect the rights and welfare of human subjects.
B. To secure funding for the research project.
C. To ensure the statistical validity of a study.
D. To review the literature for historical accuracy.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The IRB’s role is to ensure that research is ethical and that the
risks to human subjects are justified by the potential benefits.
6. A researcher uses a survey to measure ‘quality of life’ but later discovers the survey
actually measures ‘socioeconomic status.’ This is a problem with:
A. Reliability.
B. Generalizability.
C. Feasibility.
D. Validity.
Answer: D
