NSG 1520 EXAM 2 | SOUTH COLLEGE | QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
To plan early intervention and care for a child with a developmental delay, the nurse
would consider knowledge of the concepts most significantly impacted by development,
including
a.
culture.
b.
environment.
c.
functional status.
d.
nutrition. - Answers - c
Function is one of the concepts most significantly impacted by development. Others
include sensory-perceptual, cognition, mobility, reproduction, and sexuality. Knowledge
of these concepts can help the nurse anticipate areas that need to be addressed.
Culture is a concept that is considered to significantly affect development; the difference
is the concepts that affect development are those that represent major influencing
factors (causes), hence determination of development and would be the focus of
preventive interventions. Environment is considered to significantly affect development.
Nutrition is considered to significantly affect development.
To plan early intervention and care for an infant with Down syndrome, the nurse
considers knowledge of other physical development exemplars such as
a. cerebral palsy.
b. failure to thrive.
c. etal alcohol syndrome.
d. hydrocephaly. - Answers - D
,Hydrocephaly is also a physical development exemplar. Cerebral palsy is an exemplar
of adaptive developmental delay. Failure to thrive is an exemplar of social/emotional
developmental delay. Fetal alcohol syndrome is an exemplar of cognitive developmental
delay.
The school nurse talking with a high school class about the difference between growth
and development would best describe growth as
a. processes by which early cells specialize.
b. psychosocial and cognitive changes.
c. qualitative changes associated with aging.
d. quantitative changes in size or weight. - Answers - D
Growth is a quantitative change in which an increase in cell number and size results in
an increase in overall size or weight of the body or any of its parts. The processes by
which early cells specialize are referred to asdifferentiation. Psychosocial and cognitive
changes are referred to as development. Qualitative changes associated with aging are
referred to as maturation.
The nurse preparing a teaching plan for a preschooler knows that, according to Piaget,
the expected stage of development for a preschooler is
a. concrete operational.
b. formal operational.
c. preoperational.
d. sensorimotor. - Answers - C
The expected stage of development for a preschooler (3 to 4 years old) is
preoperational. Concrete operational describes the thinking of a school-age child (7 to
11 years old). Formal operational describes the thinking of an individual after about 11
years of age. Sensorimotor describes the earliest pattern of thinking from birth to 2
years old.
The nurse manager of a pediatric clinic could confirm that the new nurse recognized the
purpose of the HEADSS Adolescent Risk Profile when the new nurse responds that it is
used to assess for needs related to
a. anti ipatory guidance.
b. low-risk adolescents.
c. physical development.
,d. sexual development. - Answers - A
The HEADSS Adolescent Risk Profile is a psychosocial assessment screening tool
which assesses home, education, activities, drugs, sex, and suicide for the purpose of
identifying high-risk adolescents and the need for anticipatory guidance. It is used to
identify high-risk, not low-risk, adolescents. Physical development is assessed with
anthropometric data. Sexual development is assessed using physical examination.
A mother complains to the nurse at the pediatric clinic that her 4-year-old child always
talks to her toys and makes up stories. The mother wants her child to have a
psychologic evaluation. The nurse's best initial response is to
a. refer the child to a psychologist.
b.explain that playing make believe with dolls and people is normal at this age.
c. Complete a developmental screening
d. separate the child from the mother to get more information. - Answers - B
By the end of the fourth year, it is expected that a child will engage in fantasy, so this is
normal at this age. A referral to a psychologist would be premature based only on the
complaint of the mother. Completing a developmental screening would be very
appropriate but not the initial response. The nurse would certainly want to get more
information, but separating the child from the mother is not necessary at this time.
A 17-year-old girl is hospitalized for appendicitis, and her mother asks the nurse why
she is so needy and acting like a child. The best response of the nurse is that in the
hospital, adolescents
a. ave separation anxiety.
b. rebel against rules.
c. regress because of stress.
d. want to know everything. - Answers - C
Regression to an earlier stage of development is a common response to stress.
Separation anxiety is most common in infants and toddlers. Rebellion against hospital
rules is usually not an issue if the adolescent understands the rules and would not
create childlike behaviors. An adolescent may want to "know everything" with their
logical thinking and deductive reasoning, but that would not explain why they would act
like a child.
When caring for a middle-aged adult exhibiting maladaptive coping skills, the nurse is
trying to determine the cause of the patient's behavior. From a growth and development
perspective, what should the nurse recall?
, a.
Individuals have uniform patterns of growth and development.
b.
Health is promoted based on how many developmental failures a patient experiences.
c.
Culture usually has no effect on predictable patterns of growth and development.
d.
When individuals experience repeated developmental failures, inadequacies sometimes
result. - Answers - D
If individuals experience repeated developmental failures, inadequacies sometimes
result" is a true statement. Developmental failures could manifest with ineffective coping
skills. However, when an individual experiences successes, health is promoted.
Patients have unique patterns of growth and development that are not uniform. Nurses
must consider the influence of culture and context on growth and development.
The nursing instructor will need to provide further instruction to the student who states
a.
"Intellectual development is affected by cognitive processes."
b.
"Socioemotional processes can influence an individual's growth and development."
c.
"Breast development is an example of a change resulting from biological processes."
d.
"An individual's biological processes determine physical characteristics and do not
affect growth and development." - Answers - D
Human growth and development is a complex pattern of movement that involves
changes in biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Cognitive processes
comprise changes in intelligence, use of language, and development of thinking.
Socioemotional processes consist of variations in personality, emotions, and
relationships with others. Height and weight, development of gross and fine motor skills,
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
To plan early intervention and care for a child with a developmental delay, the nurse
would consider knowledge of the concepts most significantly impacted by development,
including
a.
culture.
b.
environment.
c.
functional status.
d.
nutrition. - Answers - c
Function is one of the concepts most significantly impacted by development. Others
include sensory-perceptual, cognition, mobility, reproduction, and sexuality. Knowledge
of these concepts can help the nurse anticipate areas that need to be addressed.
Culture is a concept that is considered to significantly affect development; the difference
is the concepts that affect development are those that represent major influencing
factors (causes), hence determination of development and would be the focus of
preventive interventions. Environment is considered to significantly affect development.
Nutrition is considered to significantly affect development.
To plan early intervention and care for an infant with Down syndrome, the nurse
considers knowledge of other physical development exemplars such as
a. cerebral palsy.
b. failure to thrive.
c. etal alcohol syndrome.
d. hydrocephaly. - Answers - D
,Hydrocephaly is also a physical development exemplar. Cerebral palsy is an exemplar
of adaptive developmental delay. Failure to thrive is an exemplar of social/emotional
developmental delay. Fetal alcohol syndrome is an exemplar of cognitive developmental
delay.
The school nurse talking with a high school class about the difference between growth
and development would best describe growth as
a. processes by which early cells specialize.
b. psychosocial and cognitive changes.
c. qualitative changes associated with aging.
d. quantitative changes in size or weight. - Answers - D
Growth is a quantitative change in which an increase in cell number and size results in
an increase in overall size or weight of the body or any of its parts. The processes by
which early cells specialize are referred to asdifferentiation. Psychosocial and cognitive
changes are referred to as development. Qualitative changes associated with aging are
referred to as maturation.
The nurse preparing a teaching plan for a preschooler knows that, according to Piaget,
the expected stage of development for a preschooler is
a. concrete operational.
b. formal operational.
c. preoperational.
d. sensorimotor. - Answers - C
The expected stage of development for a preschooler (3 to 4 years old) is
preoperational. Concrete operational describes the thinking of a school-age child (7 to
11 years old). Formal operational describes the thinking of an individual after about 11
years of age. Sensorimotor describes the earliest pattern of thinking from birth to 2
years old.
The nurse manager of a pediatric clinic could confirm that the new nurse recognized the
purpose of the HEADSS Adolescent Risk Profile when the new nurse responds that it is
used to assess for needs related to
a. anti ipatory guidance.
b. low-risk adolescents.
c. physical development.
,d. sexual development. - Answers - A
The HEADSS Adolescent Risk Profile is a psychosocial assessment screening tool
which assesses home, education, activities, drugs, sex, and suicide for the purpose of
identifying high-risk adolescents and the need for anticipatory guidance. It is used to
identify high-risk, not low-risk, adolescents. Physical development is assessed with
anthropometric data. Sexual development is assessed using physical examination.
A mother complains to the nurse at the pediatric clinic that her 4-year-old child always
talks to her toys and makes up stories. The mother wants her child to have a
psychologic evaluation. The nurse's best initial response is to
a. refer the child to a psychologist.
b.explain that playing make believe with dolls and people is normal at this age.
c. Complete a developmental screening
d. separate the child from the mother to get more information. - Answers - B
By the end of the fourth year, it is expected that a child will engage in fantasy, so this is
normal at this age. A referral to a psychologist would be premature based only on the
complaint of the mother. Completing a developmental screening would be very
appropriate but not the initial response. The nurse would certainly want to get more
information, but separating the child from the mother is not necessary at this time.
A 17-year-old girl is hospitalized for appendicitis, and her mother asks the nurse why
she is so needy and acting like a child. The best response of the nurse is that in the
hospital, adolescents
a. ave separation anxiety.
b. rebel against rules.
c. regress because of stress.
d. want to know everything. - Answers - C
Regression to an earlier stage of development is a common response to stress.
Separation anxiety is most common in infants and toddlers. Rebellion against hospital
rules is usually not an issue if the adolescent understands the rules and would not
create childlike behaviors. An adolescent may want to "know everything" with their
logical thinking and deductive reasoning, but that would not explain why they would act
like a child.
When caring for a middle-aged adult exhibiting maladaptive coping skills, the nurse is
trying to determine the cause of the patient's behavior. From a growth and development
perspective, what should the nurse recall?
, a.
Individuals have uniform patterns of growth and development.
b.
Health is promoted based on how many developmental failures a patient experiences.
c.
Culture usually has no effect on predictable patterns of growth and development.
d.
When individuals experience repeated developmental failures, inadequacies sometimes
result. - Answers - D
If individuals experience repeated developmental failures, inadequacies sometimes
result" is a true statement. Developmental failures could manifest with ineffective coping
skills. However, when an individual experiences successes, health is promoted.
Patients have unique patterns of growth and development that are not uniform. Nurses
must consider the influence of culture and context on growth and development.
The nursing instructor will need to provide further instruction to the student who states
a.
"Intellectual development is affected by cognitive processes."
b.
"Socioemotional processes can influence an individual's growth and development."
c.
"Breast development is an example of a change resulting from biological processes."
d.
"An individual's biological processes determine physical characteristics and do not
affect growth and development." - Answers - D
Human growth and development is a complex pattern of movement that involves
changes in biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Cognitive processes
comprise changes in intelligence, use of language, and development of thinking.
Socioemotional processes consist of variations in personality, emotions, and
relationships with others. Height and weight, development of gross and fine motor skills,
