NUR 254 EXAM 1 -MATERNAL NEWBORN AND
PEDIATRICS NURSING |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
1. A 78-year-old male client needs to complete a 24-hour urine specimen. In planning his
care, the nurse realizes that which measure is most important? 1. Instruct the client to
empty his bladder and save this voiding to start the collection.
2. Instruct the client to use sterile individual containers to collect the urine.
3. Post a sign stating "Save All Urine" in the bathroom.
4. Keep the urine specimen in the refrigerator.
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 3. Rationale: Option 3 is the most important nursing measure. This will inform the
staff that the client is on a 24-hour urine collection. Option 1 is not appropriate since the
first voided specimen is to be discarded. Option 2 is not an appropriate nursing measure
since the specimen container is clean not sterile, and one container is needed—not
individual containers. Option 4 is inappropriate because some 24-hour urine collections do
not require refrigeration.
Question 2
2. The nurse would call the primary care provider immediately for which laboratory result?
1. Hgb = 16 g/dL for a male client
2. Hct = 22% for a female client
3. WBC = 9 × 103 /mL3
4. Platelets = 300 × 103 /mL3
CORRECT ANSWER
1
,Answer: 2. Rationale: Option 2 is very low and can lead to death. The client's red blood cells
participate in oxygenation. Options 1, 3, and 4 are within normal range and should not be
reported to the primary care provider.
Question 3
3. The client has a urinary health problem. Which procedure is performed using indirect
visualization? 1. Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
2. Kidneys, ureter, bladder (KUB)
3. Retrograde pyelography
4. Cystoscopy
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 2. Rationale: A KUB is an x-ray of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. This does not
require direct visualization. Option 1 is an IVP, an intravenous pyelogram, which requires the
injection of a contrast media. Option 3 is a retrograde pyelography, which requires the
injection of a contrast media. Option 4 is a cystoscopy, which uses a lighted instrument
(cystoscope) inserted through the urethra, resulting in direct visualization.
Question 4
4. Which noninvasive procedure provides information about the physiology or function of
an organ?
1. Angiography
2. Computerized tomography (CT)
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4. Positron emission tomography (PET)
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 4. Rationale: This type of nuclear scan demonstrates the ability of tissues to absorb
the chemical to indicate the physiology and function of an organ. Option 1 is an invasive
procedure that focuses on blood flow through an organ. Options 2 and 3 provide
2
, information about density of tissue to help distinguish between normal and abnormal tissue
of an organ.
Question 5
5. When assisting with a bone marrow biopsy, the nurse should take which action?
1. Assist the client to a right side-lying position after the procedure.
2. Observe for signs of dyspnea, pallor, and coughing.
3. Assess for bleeding and hematoma formation for several days after the procedure.
4. Stand in front of the client and support the back of the neck and knees.
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 3. Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration includes deep penetration into soft tissue and
large bones such as the sternum and iliac crest. This penetration can result in bleeding. The
client should be observed for bleeding in the days following the procedure. Option 1 is a
nursing action during a liver biopsy. Option 2 is a nursing action for a thoracentesis, and
Option 4 is a nursing action for a lumbar puncture.
Question 6
6. During an assessment, the nurse learns that the client has a history of liver disease.
Which diagnostic tests might be indicated for this client? Select all that apply.
1. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
2. Myoglobin
3. Cholesterol
4. Ammonia
5. Brain natriuretic peptide or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 1 and 4. Rationale: ALT is an enzyme that contributes to protein and carbohydrate
metabolism. An increase in the enzyme indicates damage to the liver. The liver contributes
to the metabolism of protein, which results in the production of ammonia. If the liver is
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PEDIATRICS NURSING |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
1. A 78-year-old male client needs to complete a 24-hour urine specimen. In planning his
care, the nurse realizes that which measure is most important? 1. Instruct the client to
empty his bladder and save this voiding to start the collection.
2. Instruct the client to use sterile individual containers to collect the urine.
3. Post a sign stating "Save All Urine" in the bathroom.
4. Keep the urine specimen in the refrigerator.
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 3. Rationale: Option 3 is the most important nursing measure. This will inform the
staff that the client is on a 24-hour urine collection. Option 1 is not appropriate since the
first voided specimen is to be discarded. Option 2 is not an appropriate nursing measure
since the specimen container is clean not sterile, and one container is needed—not
individual containers. Option 4 is inappropriate because some 24-hour urine collections do
not require refrigeration.
Question 2
2. The nurse would call the primary care provider immediately for which laboratory result?
1. Hgb = 16 g/dL for a male client
2. Hct = 22% for a female client
3. WBC = 9 × 103 /mL3
4. Platelets = 300 × 103 /mL3
CORRECT ANSWER
1
,Answer: 2. Rationale: Option 2 is very low and can lead to death. The client's red blood cells
participate in oxygenation. Options 1, 3, and 4 are within normal range and should not be
reported to the primary care provider.
Question 3
3. The client has a urinary health problem. Which procedure is performed using indirect
visualization? 1. Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
2. Kidneys, ureter, bladder (KUB)
3. Retrograde pyelography
4. Cystoscopy
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 2. Rationale: A KUB is an x-ray of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. This does not
require direct visualization. Option 1 is an IVP, an intravenous pyelogram, which requires the
injection of a contrast media. Option 3 is a retrograde pyelography, which requires the
injection of a contrast media. Option 4 is a cystoscopy, which uses a lighted instrument
(cystoscope) inserted through the urethra, resulting in direct visualization.
Question 4
4. Which noninvasive procedure provides information about the physiology or function of
an organ?
1. Angiography
2. Computerized tomography (CT)
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4. Positron emission tomography (PET)
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 4. Rationale: This type of nuclear scan demonstrates the ability of tissues to absorb
the chemical to indicate the physiology and function of an organ. Option 1 is an invasive
procedure that focuses on blood flow through an organ. Options 2 and 3 provide
2
, information about density of tissue to help distinguish between normal and abnormal tissue
of an organ.
Question 5
5. When assisting with a bone marrow biopsy, the nurse should take which action?
1. Assist the client to a right side-lying position after the procedure.
2. Observe for signs of dyspnea, pallor, and coughing.
3. Assess for bleeding and hematoma formation for several days after the procedure.
4. Stand in front of the client and support the back of the neck and knees.
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 3. Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration includes deep penetration into soft tissue and
large bones such as the sternum and iliac crest. This penetration can result in bleeding. The
client should be observed for bleeding in the days following the procedure. Option 1 is a
nursing action during a liver biopsy. Option 2 is a nursing action for a thoracentesis, and
Option 4 is a nursing action for a lumbar puncture.
Question 6
6. During an assessment, the nurse learns that the client has a history of liver disease.
Which diagnostic tests might be indicated for this client? Select all that apply.
1. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
2. Myoglobin
3. Cholesterol
4. Ammonia
5. Brain natriuretic peptide or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
CORRECT ANSWER
Answer: 1 and 4. Rationale: ALT is an enzyme that contributes to protein and carbohydrate
metabolism. An increase in the enzyme indicates damage to the liver. The liver contributes
to the metabolism of protein, which results in the production of ammonia. If the liver is
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