PATHO HESI REVIEW 2026 QUESTIONS
AND
DETAILED ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED
CORRECT | GRADE A+
A patient comes in with red lesions on his arms which have a red flare around the
border, what is this most likely?
A. Urticaria
B. Impetigo
C. Dermatitis
D. Boils - ANSWER-A. hives= Red flare around the border (#1 symptom)
A pulse pressure that is 78 would most likely indicate?
A. hypotension
B. hypertension
C. shock
D. TBI - ANSWER-D. traumatic brain injury= increased ICP= Cushing's Triad
120-80= what? - ANSWER-pulse pressure
Any pulse pressure over 60 is considered - ANSWER-widened
,The diastolic pressure is measured during what on an ekg? - ANSWER-From the T
wave (ventricles have stopped beating/contracting) to the beginning of the R wave
(ventricles begin to fully contract)
Heart spends more time in diastolic
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the peripheral
vascular resistance? - ANSWER-increase- because BP increases because of
vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that he's getting
itchy. What is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath - ANSWER-A. stop the transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not functioning
properly? - ANSWER-Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a period of
time, is it the muscle or contractility that increases? - ANSWER-Muscle increases,
Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular hypertrophy? -
ANSWER-Hypertension
,who is most likely to have hypertension? - ANSWER-Men, African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building for 2 hours.
The patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are increased and the patients
blood pressure is 80/45 upon arrival heart rate 130 and the patient is not
responsive. What is this most likely classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
C. hypovolemic Shock
D. hypokalemia - ANSWER-C. When you have a burn injury, you lose a lot of fluids.
This is why the BP is so low.
A dissecting aneurysm is dangerous due to the fact that there is a tear in which
layer of the vessel wall? Inner, middle, outer. - ANSWER-medial layer- allows blood
to seep into the middle layer
A Pulmonary embolus can cause what kind of shock? - ANSWER-obstructive shock
A patient has type II diabetes, what symptoms should he expect? Select all that
apply
A. Extreme Hunger
B. Excessive thirst
C. Polyuria
D. Salt craving
E. Quick accumulation of fat - ANSWER-A, B, C
Stenosis of the tricuspid valve would lead to what?
A. left sided heart failure
, B. Right sided heart failure
C. Pulmonary regurgitation
AND
DETAILED ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED
CORRECT | GRADE A+
A patient comes in with red lesions on his arms which have a red flare around the
border, what is this most likely?
A. Urticaria
B. Impetigo
C. Dermatitis
D. Boils - ANSWER-A. hives= Red flare around the border (#1 symptom)
A pulse pressure that is 78 would most likely indicate?
A. hypotension
B. hypertension
C. shock
D. TBI - ANSWER-D. traumatic brain injury= increased ICP= Cushing's Triad
120-80= what? - ANSWER-pulse pressure
Any pulse pressure over 60 is considered - ANSWER-widened
,The diastolic pressure is measured during what on an ekg? - ANSWER-From the T
wave (ventricles have stopped beating/contracting) to the beginning of the R wave
(ventricles begin to fully contract)
Heart spends more time in diastolic
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the peripheral
vascular resistance? - ANSWER-increase- because BP increases because of
vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that he's getting
itchy. What is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath - ANSWER-A. stop the transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not functioning
properly? - ANSWER-Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a period of
time, is it the muscle or contractility that increases? - ANSWER-Muscle increases,
Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular hypertrophy? -
ANSWER-Hypertension
,who is most likely to have hypertension? - ANSWER-Men, African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building for 2 hours.
The patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are increased and the patients
blood pressure is 80/45 upon arrival heart rate 130 and the patient is not
responsive. What is this most likely classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
C. hypovolemic Shock
D. hypokalemia - ANSWER-C. When you have a burn injury, you lose a lot of fluids.
This is why the BP is so low.
A dissecting aneurysm is dangerous due to the fact that there is a tear in which
layer of the vessel wall? Inner, middle, outer. - ANSWER-medial layer- allows blood
to seep into the middle layer
A Pulmonary embolus can cause what kind of shock? - ANSWER-obstructive shock
A patient has type II diabetes, what symptoms should he expect? Select all that
apply
A. Extreme Hunger
B. Excessive thirst
C. Polyuria
D. Salt craving
E. Quick accumulation of fat - ANSWER-A, B, C
Stenosis of the tricuspid valve would lead to what?
A. left sided heart failure
, B. Right sided heart failure
C. Pulmonary regurgitation
