NSG 3130 Knowledge Check 2026/2027 | Nursing Concepts,
Health Promotion & Patient Care Questions with Answers
Question 1
A nurse is applying the nursing process to plan care for a newly
admitted client. Which phase of the nursing process involves
establishing baseline data and clustering clinical cues?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A. Assessment
Detailed Rationale: The assessment phase involves systematically
collecting, validating, organizing, and clustering subjective and objective
client data to establish a comprehensive clinical baseline.
Question 2
A nurse is formulating a nursing diagnosis for a client experiencing
dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, and an oxygen saturation of 88%.
Which component represents the etiology (related-to factor) of a
problem-focused nursing diagnosis?
A. Impaired gas exchange
B. Alveolar-capillary membrane changes and bronchoconstriction
C. SpO2 of 88%on room air
D. Administering supplemental oxygen
,Correct Answer: B. Alveolar-capillary membrane changes and
bronchoconstriction
Detailed Rationale: A problem-focused nursing diagnosis consists of
three parts (PES format): the problem (diagnostic label), the etiology
(related-to factor explaining why the problem exists), and
signs/symptoms (defining characteristics).
Question 3
A nurse is using the SBAR communication tool while calling a provider
to report a sudden drop in a client's blood pressure. Which statement
belongs in the Assessment portion of SBAR?
A. "Dr. Smith, this is Nurse Jones on 4-South calling about room 412."
B. "The client's blood pressure dropped from 120/80to 84/
50 mmHgover the last hour."
C. "I suspect the client is experiencing early hypovolemic shock or
bleeding."
D. "I recommend ordering an immediate stat hemoglobin and a normal
saline fluid bolus."
Correct Answer: C. "I suspect the client is experiencing early
hypovolemic shock or bleeding."
Detailed Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment,
and Recommendation. The Assessment section requires the nurse to
state what they think is going on based on clinical findings (e.g.,
suspecting shock).
Question 4
,A nurse is reviewing the stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model
of Health Behavior. A client states, "I know I need to quit smoking, but I
am not ready to change my habits within the next 6 months." Which
stage of change does this represent?
A. Precontemplation
B. Contemplation
C. Preparation
D. Action
Correct Answer: B. Contemplation
Detailed Rationale: In the contemplation stage, individuals
acknowledge that they have a problem and intend to take action within
the next 6 months, but remain ambivalent. In precontemplation, the
client has no intention of changing within 6 months.
Question 5
A nurse is planning a primary health promotion campaign in the local
community. Which activity represents primary prevention?
A. Conducting annual mammography screenings for women over 40
B. Administering the annual influenza vaccination at a community
health fair
C. Providing physical therapy rehabilitation following a stroke
D. Monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1𝑐 ) levels in diabetic clients
Correct Answer: B. Administering the annual influenza vaccination at a
community health fair
, Detailed Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion
and disease prevention before illness occurs (e.g., immunizations,
education). Secondary prevention involves early screening and
detection (mammograms, blood tests), while tertiary prevention
focuses on rehabilitation and minimizing long-term disability.
Question 6
A nurse is caring for an adult client who refuses a prescribed blood
transfusion due to personal religious beliefs. The nurse understands
that overriding this refusal violates which core ethical principle?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: B. Autonomy
Detailed Rationale: Autonomy is the ethical principle that
acknowledges a competent client's right to self-determination and
independent decision-making regarding their own healthcare, even
when providers or nurses disagree with their choices.
Question 7
A nurse inadvertently administers an incorrect medication dose to a
client, but the error is caught immediately before adverse effects occur.
The nurse completes an incident report. What is the primary purpose of
an incident (occurrence) report?
A. To place disciplinary blame in the nurse's permanent personnel file
Health Promotion & Patient Care Questions with Answers
Question 1
A nurse is applying the nursing process to plan care for a newly
admitted client. Which phase of the nursing process involves
establishing baseline data and clustering clinical cues?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A. Assessment
Detailed Rationale: The assessment phase involves systematically
collecting, validating, organizing, and clustering subjective and objective
client data to establish a comprehensive clinical baseline.
Question 2
A nurse is formulating a nursing diagnosis for a client experiencing
dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, and an oxygen saturation of 88%.
Which component represents the etiology (related-to factor) of a
problem-focused nursing diagnosis?
A. Impaired gas exchange
B. Alveolar-capillary membrane changes and bronchoconstriction
C. SpO2 of 88%on room air
D. Administering supplemental oxygen
,Correct Answer: B. Alveolar-capillary membrane changes and
bronchoconstriction
Detailed Rationale: A problem-focused nursing diagnosis consists of
three parts (PES format): the problem (diagnostic label), the etiology
(related-to factor explaining why the problem exists), and
signs/symptoms (defining characteristics).
Question 3
A nurse is using the SBAR communication tool while calling a provider
to report a sudden drop in a client's blood pressure. Which statement
belongs in the Assessment portion of SBAR?
A. "Dr. Smith, this is Nurse Jones on 4-South calling about room 412."
B. "The client's blood pressure dropped from 120/80to 84/
50 mmHgover the last hour."
C. "I suspect the client is experiencing early hypovolemic shock or
bleeding."
D. "I recommend ordering an immediate stat hemoglobin and a normal
saline fluid bolus."
Correct Answer: C. "I suspect the client is experiencing early
hypovolemic shock or bleeding."
Detailed Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment,
and Recommendation. The Assessment section requires the nurse to
state what they think is going on based on clinical findings (e.g.,
suspecting shock).
Question 4
,A nurse is reviewing the stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model
of Health Behavior. A client states, "I know I need to quit smoking, but I
am not ready to change my habits within the next 6 months." Which
stage of change does this represent?
A. Precontemplation
B. Contemplation
C. Preparation
D. Action
Correct Answer: B. Contemplation
Detailed Rationale: In the contemplation stage, individuals
acknowledge that they have a problem and intend to take action within
the next 6 months, but remain ambivalent. In precontemplation, the
client has no intention of changing within 6 months.
Question 5
A nurse is planning a primary health promotion campaign in the local
community. Which activity represents primary prevention?
A. Conducting annual mammography screenings for women over 40
B. Administering the annual influenza vaccination at a community
health fair
C. Providing physical therapy rehabilitation following a stroke
D. Monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1𝑐 ) levels in diabetic clients
Correct Answer: B. Administering the annual influenza vaccination at a
community health fair
, Detailed Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion
and disease prevention before illness occurs (e.g., immunizations,
education). Secondary prevention involves early screening and
detection (mammograms, blood tests), while tertiary prevention
focuses on rehabilitation and minimizing long-term disability.
Question 6
A nurse is caring for an adult client who refuses a prescribed blood
transfusion due to personal religious beliefs. The nurse understands
that overriding this refusal violates which core ethical principle?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: B. Autonomy
Detailed Rationale: Autonomy is the ethical principle that
acknowledges a competent client's right to self-determination and
independent decision-making regarding their own healthcare, even
when providers or nurses disagree with their choices.
Question 7
A nurse inadvertently administers an incorrect medication dose to a
client, but the error is caught immediately before adverse effects occur.
The nurse completes an incident report. What is the primary purpose of
an incident (occurrence) report?
A. To place disciplinary blame in the nurse's permanent personnel file
