NR 507 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?
ANSWER
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
Question 2.
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
ANSWER
Pregnancy
Question 3.
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:
ANSWER
urgency
Question 4.
Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.
ANSWER
true
Question 5.
Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?
ANSWER
Increase water consumption
Question 6.
,Uncomplicated UTI
ANSWER
Occurs in the normal urinary tract Responds well to short course of antibiotic therapy Simple
cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities
Question 7.
Complicated UTI
ANSWER
UTI extends beyond the bladder Caused by structural or functional urinary tract
abnormalities or untreated UTI Infants and older adults affected Associated with: indwelling
catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy
Question 8.
A 25 yearold female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the
last 3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports
no vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse
with a new male partner. The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains
leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs. No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and
UA results, the patient can be diagnosed with:
ANSWER
cystitis
Question 9.
J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and
then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was
transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the
patient was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids
started. Cystitis was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated
skin between the buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with
skin healing and to prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days
after the catheter was placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with
shaking chills. An intense, foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the
patient yelled out when touched. A urine culture was obtained and came back positive for nitrites
and RBCs. Urine microscopy revealed >100,000 WBC/hpf and casts. Based on the information
provided in the case, the patient can most likely be diagnosed with:
ANSWER
, pyelonephritis
Question 10.
Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis:
ANSWER
indwelling foley catheter
Question 11.
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts
ANSWER
true
Question 12.
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram
negative because of the presence of:
ANSWER
nitrites
Question 13.
A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency
and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely
that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit.
ANSWER
true
Question 14.
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because:
ANSWER
The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?
ANSWER
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
Question 2.
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
ANSWER
Pregnancy
Question 3.
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:
ANSWER
urgency
Question 4.
Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.
ANSWER
true
Question 5.
Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?
ANSWER
Increase water consumption
Question 6.
,Uncomplicated UTI
ANSWER
Occurs in the normal urinary tract Responds well to short course of antibiotic therapy Simple
cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities
Question 7.
Complicated UTI
ANSWER
UTI extends beyond the bladder Caused by structural or functional urinary tract
abnormalities or untreated UTI Infants and older adults affected Associated with: indwelling
catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy
Question 8.
A 25 yearold female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the
last 3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports
no vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse
with a new male partner. The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains
leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs. No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and
UA results, the patient can be diagnosed with:
ANSWER
cystitis
Question 9.
J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and
then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was
transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the
patient was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids
started. Cystitis was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated
skin between the buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with
skin healing and to prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days
after the catheter was placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with
shaking chills. An intense, foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the
patient yelled out when touched. A urine culture was obtained and came back positive for nitrites
and RBCs. Urine microscopy revealed >100,000 WBC/hpf and casts. Based on the information
provided in the case, the patient can most likely be diagnosed with:
ANSWER
, pyelonephritis
Question 10.
Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis:
ANSWER
indwelling foley catheter
Question 11.
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts
ANSWER
true
Question 12.
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram
negative because of the presence of:
ANSWER
nitrites
Question 13.
A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency
and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely
that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit.
ANSWER
true
Question 14.
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because:
ANSWER
The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.
