MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 2 REVIEW
EXPECTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1.
What is ATP?
ANSWER
Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells.
Question 2.
What is an endergonic reaction?
ANSWER
A reaction that consumes energy to proceed, often associated with the formation of chemical
bonds.
Question 3.
What is the difference between a competitive and a noncompetitive inhibitor?
ANSWER
A competitive inhibitor binds to the active site of an enzyme, while a noncompetitive inhibitor
binds to a different site, changing the enzyme's shape.
Question 4.
What is the net ATP yield from the complete oxidation of cose by aerobic respiration?
ANSWER
The complete oxidation of a glucose molecule can produce a net of 38 ATPs. glu-
Question 5.
Where does glycolysis occur in bacteria?
ANSWER
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm.
,Question 6.
Where does pyruvate oxidation occur in karyotes?
ANSWER
Pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondria. eu-
Question 7.
What is the ATP yield from glycolysis?
ANSWER
Glycolysis yields 2 ATP.
Question 8.
What is the total yield from the Krebs cle?
ANSWER
ATP The Krebs cycle yields 2 ATP. cy-
Question 9.
What are the similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
ANSWER
Both aim to produce energy and undergo similar metabolic processes.
Question 10.
What distinguishes RNA from DNA?
ANSWER
RNA typically exists as a single-stranded molecule and contains the sugar ribose instead of
deoxyribose.
, Question 11.
What is a codon?
ANSWER
A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.
Question 12.
What is an anticodon?
ANSWER
A sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA.
EXPECTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1.
What is ATP?
ANSWER
Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells.
Question 2.
What is an endergonic reaction?
ANSWER
A reaction that consumes energy to proceed, often associated with the formation of chemical
bonds.
Question 3.
What is the difference between a competitive and a noncompetitive inhibitor?
ANSWER
A competitive inhibitor binds to the active site of an enzyme, while a noncompetitive inhibitor
binds to a different site, changing the enzyme's shape.
Question 4.
What is the net ATP yield from the complete oxidation of cose by aerobic respiration?
ANSWER
The complete oxidation of a glucose molecule can produce a net of 38 ATPs. glu-
Question 5.
Where does glycolysis occur in bacteria?
ANSWER
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm.
,Question 6.
Where does pyruvate oxidation occur in karyotes?
ANSWER
Pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondria. eu-
Question 7.
What is the ATP yield from glycolysis?
ANSWER
Glycolysis yields 2 ATP.
Question 8.
What is the total yield from the Krebs cle?
ANSWER
ATP The Krebs cycle yields 2 ATP. cy-
Question 9.
What are the similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
ANSWER
Both aim to produce energy and undergo similar metabolic processes.
Question 10.
What distinguishes RNA from DNA?
ANSWER
RNA typically exists as a single-stranded molecule and contains the sugar ribose instead of
deoxyribose.
, Question 11.
What is a codon?
ANSWER
A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.
Question 12.
What is an anticodon?
ANSWER
A sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA.
