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AP Environmental Science Exam
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AP Environmental Science
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abiotic
Pertaining to factors or things that are nonliving.
acid
Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also, a water solution
that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
A horizon
a soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of
weathered rock, with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
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alkaline
a basic substance; chemically, a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl
ions; in reference to natural water, a measure of the base content of the water.
aquifer
an underground layer of porous rock, sand, or other material that allows the movement of
water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
arable
land that's fit to be cultivated.
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asthenosphere
the part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
atmosphere
the gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body, especially the one surrounding
the Earth, which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
barrier island
a long, relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of
waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
biological weathering
any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
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