TEST BANK FOR Principles of Biochemistry 4th Edition by
H. Robert Horton
Table of Contents
1. Introduction to Biochemistry
2. Water
3. Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins
4. Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function
5. Properties of Enzymes
6. Mechanisms of Enzymes
7. Coenzymes and Vitamins
8. Carbohydrates
9. Lipids and Membranes
10.Introduction to Metabolism
11.Glycolysis
12.Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism
13.The Citric Acid Cycle
14.Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis
15.Photosynthesis
16.Lipid Metabolism
17.Amino Acid Metabolism
18.Nucleotide Metabolism
19.Nucleic Acids
20.DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
21.Transcription and RNA Processing
22.Protein Synthesis
23.Recombinant DNA Technology
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
Horton: Principles Of Biochemistry 4th Edition Test Bank
Questions with Rationalized Answers (Rationales at the End of Every Chapter)
1) Wohler showed that a chemical found only in living organisms can be made from inorganic
substances when he synthesized .
A) Ammonium cyanate
B) Amino acids
C) Urea
D) Uric acid
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-1
2) The lock-and-key theory described the action of
A) enzymes as keys that fit different chemicals.
B) substrates as keys that fit different enzymes.
C) enzymes as locks that fit other enzymes.
D) substrates as locks that fit different enzymes.
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-1
3) According to Crick's Central Dogma of molecular Biology, there can be NO transfer of
information from
A) DNA to RNA.
B) RNA to RNA.
C) RNA to protein.
D) protein to RNA.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-1
4) What is the correct order in which these key breakthroughs in biochemistry occurred?
I. Watson and Crick DNA structure
II. Crick Central dogma
III. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty DNA work on Streptococcus
IV. Widespread use of computers
A) I, II, III, IV
B) III, I, II, IV
C) II, I, III, IV
D) IV, III, I, II
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-1
,5) Which elements account for more than 97% of the weight of most organisms?
A) C, H, N, Mg, O, S
B) C, H, N, O, P, S
C) C, H, N
D) Fe, C, H, O, P
E) Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl-
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-2
6) Which linkage(s) occur extensively in nucleotides?
A) Amide.
B) Phosphoanhydride.
C) Phosphate ester.
D) Ether.
E) Both B and C above.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 1-2
7) Which functional group is shown?
A) Primary amine.
B) Acyl.
C) Amide.
D) Anhydride.
E) Nitrile.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-2
8) Proteins in biological membranes may be
A) porous.
B) attached to the membrane surface.
C) span the membrane.
D) all of the above.
E) B and C only.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
, 9) A dipeptide forms when a functional group of one amino acid reacts with the
functional group of another amino acid to form a bond.
A) carboxylate, amino, double
B) carboxylate, amino, enzyme
C) amino, carboxylate, phosphate
D) amino, carboxylate, peptide
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
10) Sugars such as glucose are monomers of polysaccharides that are linked together when
covalent bonds form between one group of one sugar to the same group on another
sugar.
A) ester
B) carboxyl
C) amino
D) hydroxyl
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
11) Which statement about cellulose is false?
A) It is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature.
B) Its monomers are joined by glycosidic bonds.
C) It is present in the stems of flowering plants.
D) The hydroxyl groups of neighboring cellulose molecules interact to form strong, insoluble
fibers.
E) It is a branched polymer of glucose.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 1-3
12) When Keq of a reaction = 1, then
A) the forward reaction is faster than the reverse reaction.
B) the reverse reaction is faster than the forward reaction.
C) the forward and reverse reaction rate constants are equal.
D) more products are formed than reactants.
E) fewer products are formed than reactants.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-4
13) Most of the energy required for life on Earth is supplied by .
A) geothermal energy
B) the sun
C) cosmic radiation
D) the conversion of ADP to ATP
E) mechanical energy
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-4
H. Robert Horton
Table of Contents
1. Introduction to Biochemistry
2. Water
3. Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins
4. Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function
5. Properties of Enzymes
6. Mechanisms of Enzymes
7. Coenzymes and Vitamins
8. Carbohydrates
9. Lipids and Membranes
10.Introduction to Metabolism
11.Glycolysis
12.Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism
13.The Citric Acid Cycle
14.Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis
15.Photosynthesis
16.Lipid Metabolism
17.Amino Acid Metabolism
18.Nucleotide Metabolism
19.Nucleic Acids
20.DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
21.Transcription and RNA Processing
22.Protein Synthesis
23.Recombinant DNA Technology
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
Horton: Principles Of Biochemistry 4th Edition Test Bank
Questions with Rationalized Answers (Rationales at the End of Every Chapter)
1) Wohler showed that a chemical found only in living organisms can be made from inorganic
substances when he synthesized .
A) Ammonium cyanate
B) Amino acids
C) Urea
D) Uric acid
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-1
2) The lock-and-key theory described the action of
A) enzymes as keys that fit different chemicals.
B) substrates as keys that fit different enzymes.
C) enzymes as locks that fit other enzymes.
D) substrates as locks that fit different enzymes.
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-1
3) According to Crick's Central Dogma of molecular Biology, there can be NO transfer of
information from
A) DNA to RNA.
B) RNA to RNA.
C) RNA to protein.
D) protein to RNA.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-1
4) What is the correct order in which these key breakthroughs in biochemistry occurred?
I. Watson and Crick DNA structure
II. Crick Central dogma
III. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty DNA work on Streptococcus
IV. Widespread use of computers
A) I, II, III, IV
B) III, I, II, IV
C) II, I, III, IV
D) IV, III, I, II
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-1
,5) Which elements account for more than 97% of the weight of most organisms?
A) C, H, N, Mg, O, S
B) C, H, N, O, P, S
C) C, H, N
D) Fe, C, H, O, P
E) Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Cl-
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-2
6) Which linkage(s) occur extensively in nucleotides?
A) Amide.
B) Phosphoanhydride.
C) Phosphate ester.
D) Ether.
E) Both B and C above.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 1-2
7) Which functional group is shown?
A) Primary amine.
B) Acyl.
C) Amide.
D) Anhydride.
E) Nitrile.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-2
8) Proteins in biological membranes may be
A) porous.
B) attached to the membrane surface.
C) span the membrane.
D) all of the above.
E) B and C only.
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
, 9) A dipeptide forms when a functional group of one amino acid reacts with the
functional group of another amino acid to form a bond.
A) carboxylate, amino, double
B) carboxylate, amino, enzyme
C) amino, carboxylate, phosphate
D) amino, carboxylate, peptide
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
10) Sugars such as glucose are monomers of polysaccharides that are linked together when
covalent bonds form between one group of one sugar to the same group on another
sugar.
A) ester
B) carboxyl
C) amino
D) hydroxyl
Answer: D
Page Ref: Section 1-3
11) Which statement about cellulose is false?
A) It is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature.
B) Its monomers are joined by glycosidic bonds.
C) It is present in the stems of flowering plants.
D) The hydroxyl groups of neighboring cellulose molecules interact to form strong, insoluble
fibers.
E) It is a branched polymer of glucose.
Answer: E
Page Ref: Section 1-3
12) When Keq of a reaction = 1, then
A) the forward reaction is faster than the reverse reaction.
B) the reverse reaction is faster than the forward reaction.
C) the forward and reverse reaction rate constants are equal.
D) more products are formed than reactants.
E) fewer products are formed than reactants.
Answer: C
Page Ref: Section 1-4
13) Most of the energy required for life on Earth is supplied by .
A) geothermal energy
B) the sun
C) cosmic radiation
D) the conversion of ADP to ATP
E) mechanical energy
Answer: B
Page Ref: Section 1-4
