NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 4
2026/2027 | 150 Verified Questions & Answers |
UT Arlington Nursing Prep | 6 Core Domains |
Instant Download
Questions 1–150
Domain 1: Shock & Multiple Organ Dysfunction
1. Which type of shock is characterized by inadequate circulating blood volume?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock results from loss of intravascular volume (hemorrhage, dehydration).
2. Which type of shock is characterized by pump failure?
A) Hypovolemic
B) Cardiogenic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiogenic shock results from myocardial pump failure.
3. Which type of shock is characterized by massive vasodilation?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
,D) Obstructive
Answer: C
Rationale: Distributive shock (septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic) causes vasodilation.
4. Which type of shock is characterized by mechanical obstruction to blood flow?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: D
Rationale: Obstructive shock (tamponade, tension pneumothorax, PE) impairs filling or outflow.
5. What is the first compensatory mechanism in shock?
A) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation
B) Sympathetic nervous system activation
C) Anti-diuretic hormone release
D) Inflammatory cytokine release
Answer: B
Rationale: Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction.
6. Which mediator is central to the pathophysiology of septic shock?
A) Histamine
B) Cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1)
C) Bradykinin
D) Serotonin
Answer: B
Rationale: Septic shock involves systemic inflammatory mediator release.
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,7. What is SIRS?
A) Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
B) Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
C) Severe Inflammatory Response Syndrome
D) Systemic Immune Response Syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: SIRS is a systemic inflammatory response to infection or non-infectious causes.
8. Which finding is a criterion for SIRS?
A) Hypothermia
B) Tachycardia (>90 bpm)
C) Bradycardia
D) Hypotension
Answer: B
Rationale: SIRS criteria include HR >90, RR >20, temp >38 or <36, WBC >12,000 or <4,000.
9. What is MODS?
A) Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
B) Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
C) Multi-Organ Disease Syndrome
D) Myocardial Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: MODS is progressive organ failure following shock or SIRS.
10. What is the most common cause of MODS?
A) Cardiogenic shock
B) Sepsis
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, C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Anaphylaxis
Answer: B
Rationale: Sepsis is the leading cause of MODS.
11. Which organ is typically the first to fail in MODS?
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Kidneys
D) Liver
Answer: B
Rationale: ARDS is often the first organ failure in MODS.
12. What is DIC?
A) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
B) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
C) Diffuse Intravascular Clotting
D) Disseminated Inflammatory Coagulation
Answer: B
Rationale: DIC involves widespread clotting and bleeding.
13. Which finding is characteristic of DIC?
A) Thrombocytosis
B) Elevated D-dimer
C) Increased fibrinogen
D) Normal PT/PTT
Answer: B
Rationale: DIC causes fibrinolysis with elevated D-dimer.
4
2026/2027 | 150 Verified Questions & Answers |
UT Arlington Nursing Prep | 6 Core Domains |
Instant Download
Questions 1–150
Domain 1: Shock & Multiple Organ Dysfunction
1. Which type of shock is characterized by inadequate circulating blood volume?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock results from loss of intravascular volume (hemorrhage, dehydration).
2. Which type of shock is characterized by pump failure?
A) Hypovolemic
B) Cardiogenic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiogenic shock results from myocardial pump failure.
3. Which type of shock is characterized by massive vasodilation?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
,D) Obstructive
Answer: C
Rationale: Distributive shock (septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic) causes vasodilation.
4. Which type of shock is characterized by mechanical obstruction to blood flow?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: D
Rationale: Obstructive shock (tamponade, tension pneumothorax, PE) impairs filling or outflow.
5. What is the first compensatory mechanism in shock?
A) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation
B) Sympathetic nervous system activation
C) Anti-diuretic hormone release
D) Inflammatory cytokine release
Answer: B
Rationale: Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction.
6. Which mediator is central to the pathophysiology of septic shock?
A) Histamine
B) Cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1)
C) Bradykinin
D) Serotonin
Answer: B
Rationale: Septic shock involves systemic inflammatory mediator release.
2
,7. What is SIRS?
A) Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
B) Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
C) Severe Inflammatory Response Syndrome
D) Systemic Immune Response Syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: SIRS is a systemic inflammatory response to infection or non-infectious causes.
8. Which finding is a criterion for SIRS?
A) Hypothermia
B) Tachycardia (>90 bpm)
C) Bradycardia
D) Hypotension
Answer: B
Rationale: SIRS criteria include HR >90, RR >20, temp >38 or <36, WBC >12,000 or <4,000.
9. What is MODS?
A) Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
B) Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
C) Multi-Organ Disease Syndrome
D) Myocardial Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: MODS is progressive organ failure following shock or SIRS.
10. What is the most common cause of MODS?
A) Cardiogenic shock
B) Sepsis
3
, C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Anaphylaxis
Answer: B
Rationale: Sepsis is the leading cause of MODS.
11. Which organ is typically the first to fail in MODS?
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Kidneys
D) Liver
Answer: B
Rationale: ARDS is often the first organ failure in MODS.
12. What is DIC?
A) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
B) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
C) Diffuse Intravascular Clotting
D) Disseminated Inflammatory Coagulation
Answer: B
Rationale: DIC involves widespread clotting and bleeding.
13. Which finding is characteristic of DIC?
A) Thrombocytosis
B) Elevated D-dimer
C) Increased fibrinogen
D) Normal PT/PTT
Answer: B
Rationale: DIC causes fibrinolysis with elevated D-dimer.
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