,Germanna NSG 100 Exam 4 | Introduction to
Nursing Concepts (2026) Q&A
1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of incentive
spirometry?
A) To measure lung volumes and capacities
B) To encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis
C) To deliver bronchodilator medications
D) To assess oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: To encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis
Rationale: Incentive spirometry encourages patients to take slow, deep breaths
to expand the lungs and prevent alveolar collapse (atelectasis), particularly after
surgery. It does not measure lung volumes, deliver medications, or assess oxygen
saturation.
2. What is the normal adult oxygen saturation range?
A) 80–85%
B) 85–90%
C) 92–98%
D) 98–100%
Correct Answer: 92–98%
,Rationale: Normal oxygen saturation for adults is typically 92–98%. Values
below 90% indicate hypoxemia and require intervention. A value of 98–100% is
acceptable but not the standard range.
3. Which position is most appropriate for a patient experiencing dyspnea?
A) Supine
B) High-Fowler's
C) Trendelenburg
D) Prone
Correct Answer: High-Fowler's
Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes lung expansion by allowing the
diaphragm to descend and reducing pressure on the chest. Supine and
Trendelenburg positions impair breathing. Prone is used specifically for ARDS.
4. Which finding indicates a need for immediate oxygen therapy?
A) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths/min
B) Oxygen saturation of 88%
C) Mild dyspnea on exertion
D) Clear breath sounds
Correct Answer: Oxygen saturation of 88%
Rationale: An oxygen saturation below 90% indicates hypoxemia and requires
immediate intervention. A respiratory rate of 18, mild dyspnea, and clear breath
sounds do not indicate immediate oxygen need.
, 5. What is the primary purpose of chest physiotherapy?
A) To improve oxygen saturation
B) To mobilize and clear pulmonary secretions
C) To administer aerosolized medications
D) To measure peak expiratory flow
Correct Answer: To mobilize and clear pulmonary secretions
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy uses percussion, vibration, and postural
drainage to loosen and mobilize secretions in the airways. It does not directly
improve oxygen saturation, deliver medications, or measure peak flow.
6. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Fiber
Correct Answer: Protein
Rationale: Protein provides the amino acids necessary for tissue repair, collagen
synthesis, and immune function. Carbohydrates and fats provide energy, and fiber
supports gastrointestinal health, but protein is most critical for wound healing.
7. A patient with dysphagia is at risk for which complication?
Nursing Concepts (2026) Q&A
1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of incentive
spirometry?
A) To measure lung volumes and capacities
B) To encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis
C) To deliver bronchodilator medications
D) To assess oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: To encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis
Rationale: Incentive spirometry encourages patients to take slow, deep breaths
to expand the lungs and prevent alveolar collapse (atelectasis), particularly after
surgery. It does not measure lung volumes, deliver medications, or assess oxygen
saturation.
2. What is the normal adult oxygen saturation range?
A) 80–85%
B) 85–90%
C) 92–98%
D) 98–100%
Correct Answer: 92–98%
,Rationale: Normal oxygen saturation for adults is typically 92–98%. Values
below 90% indicate hypoxemia and require intervention. A value of 98–100% is
acceptable but not the standard range.
3. Which position is most appropriate for a patient experiencing dyspnea?
A) Supine
B) High-Fowler's
C) Trendelenburg
D) Prone
Correct Answer: High-Fowler's
Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes lung expansion by allowing the
diaphragm to descend and reducing pressure on the chest. Supine and
Trendelenburg positions impair breathing. Prone is used specifically for ARDS.
4. Which finding indicates a need for immediate oxygen therapy?
A) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths/min
B) Oxygen saturation of 88%
C) Mild dyspnea on exertion
D) Clear breath sounds
Correct Answer: Oxygen saturation of 88%
Rationale: An oxygen saturation below 90% indicates hypoxemia and requires
immediate intervention. A respiratory rate of 18, mild dyspnea, and clear breath
sounds do not indicate immediate oxygen need.
, 5. What is the primary purpose of chest physiotherapy?
A) To improve oxygen saturation
B) To mobilize and clear pulmonary secretions
C) To administer aerosolized medications
D) To measure peak expiratory flow
Correct Answer: To mobilize and clear pulmonary secretions
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy uses percussion, vibration, and postural
drainage to loosen and mobilize secretions in the airways. It does not directly
improve oxygen saturation, deliver medications, or measure peak flow.
6. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Fiber
Correct Answer: Protein
Rationale: Protein provides the amino acids necessary for tissue repair, collagen
synthesis, and immune function. Carbohydrates and fats provide energy, and fiber
supports gastrointestinal health, but protein is most critical for wound healing.
7. A patient with dysphagia is at risk for which complication?
