P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NUR 355 Exam 2 Questions
& Answers for 2026/2027
Arizona Nursing Program
Comprehensive Edition
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales 80 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This comprehensive study guide provides 80 nursing exam questions, complete with
verified correct answers and detailed rationales, alongside relevant diagrams. It covers
advanced nursing principles and is ideal for students preparing for comprehensive nursing
exams, offering a robust resource for in-depth study and review.
TOPICS
Pain Management Q1–Q20
Autoimmune Disorders Q21–Q42
Hematology & Immunology Basics Q43–Q56
Immunizations & Allergies Q57–Q70
HIV/AIDS Q71–Q80
Page 1
, E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 80
Nociceptive pain
ANSWER
involves transduction, transmission, perception and modulation of impulses generated by
nociceptors located throughout the body. Pain arises from damage to or from inflammation of
tissue other than that of peripheral and CNS.
Types:
Somatic--bones, joints, muscles, skin, connective tissues.
Visceral--internal organs
RATIONALE
Nociceptive pain results from activation of nociceptors in response to tissue damage or
inflammation, bypassing peripheral and central nervous system damage. This pain pathway involves
transduction, transmission, perception, and modulation. Somatic pain originates from skin,
muscles, or joints, while visceral pain arises from internal organs.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 80
neuropathic pain
ANSWER
pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or central nervous system.
CNS changes that lead to neuropathic pain include an increase in the release of and binding of
neurotransmitters and reorganization of nerves following an injury.
It includes phantom limb, diabetic neuropathy
RATIONALE
Neuropathic pain originates from damage to the nervous system, affecting either peripheral nerves
or the central nervous system. This damage can result in altered neurotransmitter activity and nerve
reorganization, manifesting in conditions like phantom limb pain or diabetic neuropathy. These
characteristics define the etiology of this pain type.
Page 2
, Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 80
Acute pain
ANSWER
pain that is felt suddenly from injury, disease, trauma, or surgery
RATIONALE
Acute pain is a physiological response to tissue damage, characterized by its sudden onset and
direct link to a specific event. This type of pain serves as a warning signal, prompting individuals to
address the underlying cause, such as injury or surgical intervention. Its transient nature
distinguishes it from chronic pain conditions.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 80
chronic pain
ANSWER
episode of pain that lasts for 6 months or longer; may be intermittent or continuous
RATIONALE
Chronic pain is distinguished by its prolonged duration, persisting for a minimum of six months.
This pain may manifest continuously or occur in recurring episodes. This temporal characteristic
differentiates it from acute pain, which is typically short-lived.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 80
Focused pain assessment
ANSWER
Location
Quality
Measures
Timing
Setting: how it affects ADL
Associated manifestations: what other symptoms do you have when you are feeling pain?
Aggravating/relieving factors
Page 3
, RATIONALE
A comprehensive pain assessment utilizes multiple dimensions to understand the patient's
experience. Evaluating the location, quality, timing, and factors that aggravate or relieve the pain
provides a detailed picture. Additionally, assessing its impact on activities of daily living and
associated manifestations offers insights into the pain's severity and effect on the individual.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 80
Breakthrough Pain
ANSWER
temporary flare-up of moderate to severe pain that occurs even when the patient is taking
around-the-clock medication for persistent pain
RATIONALE
Breakthrough pain is characterized by a sudden, transient exacerbation of pain intensity, typically
occurring in patients already managed with scheduled analgesics for chronic pain. This
phenomenon signifies a temporary loss of pain control, despite adherence to the established
around-the-clock medication regimen.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 80
Risk factors for undertreatment of pain
ANSWER
cultural and social attitude.
lack of knowledge.
fear of addiction.
exaggerated fear of respiratory depression.
RATIONALE
Societal beliefs about pain expression and stoicism can influence patient reporting. Healthcare
providers' insufficient understanding of pain management principles or patient concerns about
opioid dependence and side effects like respiratory depression can lead to inadequate pain relief.
These factors collectively contribute to the undertreatment of pain.
Page 4
NUR 355 Exam 2 Questions
& Answers for 2026/2027
Arizona Nursing Program
Comprehensive Edition
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales 80 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This comprehensive study guide provides 80 nursing exam questions, complete with
verified correct answers and detailed rationales, alongside relevant diagrams. It covers
advanced nursing principles and is ideal for students preparing for comprehensive nursing
exams, offering a robust resource for in-depth study and review.
TOPICS
Pain Management Q1–Q20
Autoimmune Disorders Q21–Q42
Hematology & Immunology Basics Q43–Q56
Immunizations & Allergies Q57–Q70
HIV/AIDS Q71–Q80
Page 1
, E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 80
Nociceptive pain
ANSWER
involves transduction, transmission, perception and modulation of impulses generated by
nociceptors located throughout the body. Pain arises from damage to or from inflammation of
tissue other than that of peripheral and CNS.
Types:
Somatic--bones, joints, muscles, skin, connective tissues.
Visceral--internal organs
RATIONALE
Nociceptive pain results from activation of nociceptors in response to tissue damage or
inflammation, bypassing peripheral and central nervous system damage. This pain pathway involves
transduction, transmission, perception, and modulation. Somatic pain originates from skin,
muscles, or joints, while visceral pain arises from internal organs.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 80
neuropathic pain
ANSWER
pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or central nervous system.
CNS changes that lead to neuropathic pain include an increase in the release of and binding of
neurotransmitters and reorganization of nerves following an injury.
It includes phantom limb, diabetic neuropathy
RATIONALE
Neuropathic pain originates from damage to the nervous system, affecting either peripheral nerves
or the central nervous system. This damage can result in altered neurotransmitter activity and nerve
reorganization, manifesting in conditions like phantom limb pain or diabetic neuropathy. These
characteristics define the etiology of this pain type.
Page 2
, Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 80
Acute pain
ANSWER
pain that is felt suddenly from injury, disease, trauma, or surgery
RATIONALE
Acute pain is a physiological response to tissue damage, characterized by its sudden onset and
direct link to a specific event. This type of pain serves as a warning signal, prompting individuals to
address the underlying cause, such as injury or surgical intervention. Its transient nature
distinguishes it from chronic pain conditions.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 80
chronic pain
ANSWER
episode of pain that lasts for 6 months or longer; may be intermittent or continuous
RATIONALE
Chronic pain is distinguished by its prolonged duration, persisting for a minimum of six months.
This pain may manifest continuously or occur in recurring episodes. This temporal characteristic
differentiates it from acute pain, which is typically short-lived.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 80
Focused pain assessment
ANSWER
Location
Quality
Measures
Timing
Setting: how it affects ADL
Associated manifestations: what other symptoms do you have when you are feeling pain?
Aggravating/relieving factors
Page 3
, RATIONALE
A comprehensive pain assessment utilizes multiple dimensions to understand the patient's
experience. Evaluating the location, quality, timing, and factors that aggravate or relieve the pain
provides a detailed picture. Additionally, assessing its impact on activities of daily living and
associated manifestations offers insights into the pain's severity and effect on the individual.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 80
Breakthrough Pain
ANSWER
temporary flare-up of moderate to severe pain that occurs even when the patient is taking
around-the-clock medication for persistent pain
RATIONALE
Breakthrough pain is characterized by a sudden, transient exacerbation of pain intensity, typically
occurring in patients already managed with scheduled analgesics for chronic pain. This
phenomenon signifies a temporary loss of pain control, despite adherence to the established
around-the-clock medication regimen.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 80
Risk factors for undertreatment of pain
ANSWER
cultural and social attitude.
lack of knowledge.
fear of addiction.
exaggerated fear of respiratory depression.
RATIONALE
Societal beliefs about pain expression and stoicism can influence patient reporting. Healthcare
providers' insufficient understanding of pain management principles or patient concerns about
opioid dependence and side effects like respiratory depression can lead to inadequate pain relief.
These factors collectively contribute to the undertreatment of pain.
Page 4
