Section 40 total marks
Multiple Choice
Select the single best answer for each of the following questions. Each question is worth 2 marks.
Question 1 2 marks
A patient is experiencing the early stages of an infectious disease and reports feeling 'generally unwell'
with a low-grade fever, though specific symptoms of the illness have not yet fully manifested. Which
stage of the clinical course is this patient currently in?
A Acute phase
B Incubation period
C Latent period
· D Prodromal period
Question 2 2 marks
Which concept describes the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and
well-being, often involving the alteration of multiple physiologic variables to match environmental
demands?
A Negative feedback
· B Allostasis
C Antagonism
D Homeostasis
Question 3 2 marks
Which specific location within the cell is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the
assembly of ribosomes?
A Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
B Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
· C Nucleolus
D Golgi Apparatus
, Question 4 2 marks
In the absence of molecular oxygen, how many net molecules of ATP are produced per molecule of
glucose during the process of glycolysis?
A 36 ATP
B 4 ATP
C 2 ATP
D 32 ATP
Question 5 2 marks
Which ion is the primary determinant of the resting membrane potential in human cells?
A Sodium ( )
B Chloride ( )
· C Potassium ( )
D Calcium ( )
Question 6 2 marks
In chronic smokers, the replacement of normal ciliated columnar epithelium in the bronchial lining with
stratified squamous epithelium is classified as which type of cellular adaptation?
· A
A Dysplasia
B Atrophy
C Hyperplasia
· D Metaplasia
Question 7 2 marks
A community-wide screening program for high blood pressure is an example of which level of preven-
tion?
A Quaternary prevention
B Tertiary prevention
· C Secondary prevention
D Primary prevention
Multiple Choice
Select the single best answer for each of the following questions. Each question is worth 2 marks.
Question 1 2 marks
A patient is experiencing the early stages of an infectious disease and reports feeling 'generally unwell'
with a low-grade fever, though specific symptoms of the illness have not yet fully manifested. Which
stage of the clinical course is this patient currently in?
A Acute phase
B Incubation period
C Latent period
· D Prodromal period
Question 2 2 marks
Which concept describes the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and
well-being, often involving the alteration of multiple physiologic variables to match environmental
demands?
A Negative feedback
· B Allostasis
C Antagonism
D Homeostasis
Question 3 2 marks
Which specific location within the cell is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the
assembly of ribosomes?
A Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
B Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
· C Nucleolus
D Golgi Apparatus
, Question 4 2 marks
In the absence of molecular oxygen, how many net molecules of ATP are produced per molecule of
glucose during the process of glycolysis?
A 36 ATP
B 4 ATP
C 2 ATP
D 32 ATP
Question 5 2 marks
Which ion is the primary determinant of the resting membrane potential in human cells?
A Sodium ( )
B Chloride ( )
· C Potassium ( )
D Calcium ( )
Question 6 2 marks
In chronic smokers, the replacement of normal ciliated columnar epithelium in the bronchial lining with
stratified squamous epithelium is classified as which type of cellular adaptation?
· A
A Dysplasia
B Atrophy
C Hyperplasia
· D Metaplasia
Question 7 2 marks
A community-wide screening program for high blood pressure is an example of which level of preven-
tion?
A Quaternary prevention
B Tertiary prevention
· C Secondary prevention
D Primary prevention
