HESI Anatomy and Physiology Practice
Exam 100 Questions And Correct
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Rationales 2026 Q&A Instant
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1. Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?
A. Cell
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of life. All living
organisms are composed of cells.
2. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A. Fighting infection
B. Transporting oxygen
C. Blood clotting
D. Producing antibodies
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and
transports it from the lungs to the tissues.
3. Which organ is responsible for producing insulin?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Kidney
D. Stomach
The pancreas contains beta cells in the islets of Langerhans that
produce insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.
,4. What type of joint is the knee?
A. Ball and socket
B. Hinge
C. Pivot
D. Saddle
The knee is a hinge joint that allows flexion and extension movements
primarily in one plane.
5. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Aorta
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary vein
The aorta is the largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the
left ventricle to the body.
6. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Alveolus
D. Hepatocyte
The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.
7. Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3),
which regulate metabolism.
8. What is the largest organ in the human body?
A. Liver
B. Skin
C. Brain
D. Lungs
, The skin is the largest organ, covering the entire body surface and
performing protective, sensory, and thermoregulatory functions.
9. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for
balance, coordination, and fine motor control.
10.What is the normal pH range of arterial blood?
A. 6.8-7.2
B. 7.35-7.45
C. 7.5-7.8
D. 6.5-7.0
Normal arterial blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45 for
proper physiological function.
11.Which muscle is the primary muscle of respiration?
A. External intercostals
B. Diaphragm
C. Internal intercostals
D. Rectus abdominis
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic
and abdominal cavities and is the primary muscle for breathing.
12.What type of tissue connects muscle to bone?
A. Ligament
B. Tendon
C. Cartilage
D. Fascia
Tendons are dense connective tissues that attach muscles to bones,
transmitting force for movement.
13.Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
Exam 100 Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?
A. Cell
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of life. All living
organisms are composed of cells.
2. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A. Fighting infection
B. Transporting oxygen
C. Blood clotting
D. Producing antibodies
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and
transports it from the lungs to the tissues.
3. Which organ is responsible for producing insulin?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Kidney
D. Stomach
The pancreas contains beta cells in the islets of Langerhans that
produce insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.
,4. What type of joint is the knee?
A. Ball and socket
B. Hinge
C. Pivot
D. Saddle
The knee is a hinge joint that allows flexion and extension movements
primarily in one plane.
5. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Aorta
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary vein
The aorta is the largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the
left ventricle to the body.
6. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Alveolus
D. Hepatocyte
The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.
7. Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3),
which regulate metabolism.
8. What is the largest organ in the human body?
A. Liver
B. Skin
C. Brain
D. Lungs
, The skin is the largest organ, covering the entire body surface and
performing protective, sensory, and thermoregulatory functions.
9. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for
balance, coordination, and fine motor control.
10.What is the normal pH range of arterial blood?
A. 6.8-7.2
B. 7.35-7.45
C. 7.5-7.8
D. 6.5-7.0
Normal arterial blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45 for
proper physiological function.
11.Which muscle is the primary muscle of respiration?
A. External intercostals
B. Diaphragm
C. Internal intercostals
D. Rectus abdominis
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic
and abdominal cavities and is the primary muscle for breathing.
12.What type of tissue connects muscle to bone?
A. Ligament
B. Tendon
C. Cartilage
D. Fascia
Tendons are dense connective tissues that attach muscles to bones,
transmitting force for movement.
13.Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
