ETHICS FINAL COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ Our textbook is primarily an overview of which type of ethical
thinking?
Answer: Western
◉ According to the American philosopher and ethicist Richard Doss,
some of the origins of our ethical beliefs include authority, emotion
and culture.
Answer: True
◉ The Egoism theory emphasizes the aim of suppressing one's own
ego and perceived self-interest for the greatest good for others.
Answer: False
◉ Jeremy Bentham was the author of Rule Utilitarianism, stating
that the right thing to do is to follow a moral rule in an ethical
decision requiring a moral judgment.
Answer: False
◉ Happiness - Unhappiness = "net utility".
Answer: True
,◉ Consequential theories base morality on the results and outcomes
of behaviors. Actions with good consequences are seen as morally
good; actions with bad consequences are considered morally bad.
Answer: True
◉ John Stuart Mill was the author of the Egoism theory, maintaining
that the right thing to do in any situation is the action that produces
the greatest possible good for the greatest number.
Answer: False
◉ Act utilitarianism seems to overlook important moral concepts
like individual rights. The welfare and rights of an individual can get
lost in the overall well-being of the group. In fact, individuals don't
matter from this perspective, only the happiness of the group. In
addition, act utilitarianism does not allow for any moral absolutes;
no actions can ever be always right or always wrong, as morality is
always judged to be a case-by-case matter.
Answer: True
◉ Moral or ethical theories represent the inheritance left by the
great philosophers of the past, such as Aristotle, John Stuart Mill and
Immanuel Kant, who were always looking for that "best way to
think". These theories are groups of systematically related ethical
principles. A theory for the purposes of our course is an organized
way of looking at a set of issues, facts, questions or phenomena.
, Answer: True
◉ "Philosophy" is derived from Greek words meaning "love of
wisdom".
Answer: True
◉ "Virtue ethics" describes an ethical system based on basic moral
rules common to current society.
Answer: False
◉ The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche believed that the
ultimate characteristic of a human being is seeking an
understanding of the physical world through belief in a God.
Answer: False
◉ Twentieth century philospher and author Ayn Rand championed a
version of ethical egoism which she called "objectivism"; she argued
that human beings are rational egoists who ought to avoid acting in
ways that would alienate them from their community or bring harm
to them.
Answer: True
◉ "Altruism" refers to our ability to act unselfishly and to act from
concern for others. Altruism is often considered to be a crucial
SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ Our textbook is primarily an overview of which type of ethical
thinking?
Answer: Western
◉ According to the American philosopher and ethicist Richard Doss,
some of the origins of our ethical beliefs include authority, emotion
and culture.
Answer: True
◉ The Egoism theory emphasizes the aim of suppressing one's own
ego and perceived self-interest for the greatest good for others.
Answer: False
◉ Jeremy Bentham was the author of Rule Utilitarianism, stating
that the right thing to do is to follow a moral rule in an ethical
decision requiring a moral judgment.
Answer: False
◉ Happiness - Unhappiness = "net utility".
Answer: True
,◉ Consequential theories base morality on the results and outcomes
of behaviors. Actions with good consequences are seen as morally
good; actions with bad consequences are considered morally bad.
Answer: True
◉ John Stuart Mill was the author of the Egoism theory, maintaining
that the right thing to do in any situation is the action that produces
the greatest possible good for the greatest number.
Answer: False
◉ Act utilitarianism seems to overlook important moral concepts
like individual rights. The welfare and rights of an individual can get
lost in the overall well-being of the group. In fact, individuals don't
matter from this perspective, only the happiness of the group. In
addition, act utilitarianism does not allow for any moral absolutes;
no actions can ever be always right or always wrong, as morality is
always judged to be a case-by-case matter.
Answer: True
◉ Moral or ethical theories represent the inheritance left by the
great philosophers of the past, such as Aristotle, John Stuart Mill and
Immanuel Kant, who were always looking for that "best way to
think". These theories are groups of systematically related ethical
principles. A theory for the purposes of our course is an organized
way of looking at a set of issues, facts, questions or phenomena.
, Answer: True
◉ "Philosophy" is derived from Greek words meaning "love of
wisdom".
Answer: True
◉ "Virtue ethics" describes an ethical system based on basic moral
rules common to current society.
Answer: False
◉ The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche believed that the
ultimate characteristic of a human being is seeking an
understanding of the physical world through belief in a God.
Answer: False
◉ Twentieth century philospher and author Ayn Rand championed a
version of ethical egoism which she called "objectivism"; she argued
that human beings are rational egoists who ought to avoid acting in
ways that would alienate them from their community or bring harm
to them.
Answer: True
◉ "Altruism" refers to our ability to act unselfishly and to act from
concern for others. Altruism is often considered to be a crucial
