ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY II COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ gross anatomy.
Answer: easily observable structures
◉ microscopic anatomy.
Answer: study of body structures that are too small to be seen with
the naked eye
◉ Physiology.
Answer: the study of how the body and its parts work or function
◉ Levels of Structural Organization.
Answer: Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
◉ atoms.
Answer: building blocks of matter
◉ cells.
,Answer: smallest units of all living things
◉ tissues.
Answer: groups of similar cells that have a common function
◉ Four basic tissue types.
Answer: epithelial, connective, muscular, and neural
◉ organ.
Answer: structure composed of two or more tissues types that
performs a specific function for the body
◉ organ system.
Answer: a group of organs that work together to accomplish a
common purpose
◉ organisms.
Answer: the highest level of structural organization, it is the sum
total of all the structural levels working together to keep us alive
◉ integumentary system.
, Answer: external covering of the body or the skin, it waterproofs the
body and cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury, it
also excretes salts and urea and helps regulate body temp
◉ skeletal system.
Answer: consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints. it
supports the body and provides framework that the skeletal muscles
use to cause movement, also has a protective function
◉ muscular system.
Answer: made up of the skeletal muscles which are distinct from the
muscles of the heart and other hollow organs, these are muscles that
are attached to the bones and contract so you can move
◉ nervous system.
Answer: the body's fast acting control system. sensory receptors
detect these changes and send messages to the central nervous
system so that it is constantly informed at what is going on, the CNS
then assesses this information and responds by activating the
appropriate body effectors
◉ endocrine system.
Answer: controls the body's activities, but acts much more slowly.
the endocrine glands produce chemical molecules called hormones
PHYSIOLOGY II COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ gross anatomy.
Answer: easily observable structures
◉ microscopic anatomy.
Answer: study of body structures that are too small to be seen with
the naked eye
◉ Physiology.
Answer: the study of how the body and its parts work or function
◉ Levels of Structural Organization.
Answer: Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
◉ atoms.
Answer: building blocks of matter
◉ cells.
,Answer: smallest units of all living things
◉ tissues.
Answer: groups of similar cells that have a common function
◉ Four basic tissue types.
Answer: epithelial, connective, muscular, and neural
◉ organ.
Answer: structure composed of two or more tissues types that
performs a specific function for the body
◉ organ system.
Answer: a group of organs that work together to accomplish a
common purpose
◉ organisms.
Answer: the highest level of structural organization, it is the sum
total of all the structural levels working together to keep us alive
◉ integumentary system.
, Answer: external covering of the body or the skin, it waterproofs the
body and cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury, it
also excretes salts and urea and helps regulate body temp
◉ skeletal system.
Answer: consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints. it
supports the body and provides framework that the skeletal muscles
use to cause movement, also has a protective function
◉ muscular system.
Answer: made up of the skeletal muscles which are distinct from the
muscles of the heart and other hollow organs, these are muscles that
are attached to the bones and contract so you can move
◉ nervous system.
Answer: the body's fast acting control system. sensory receptors
detect these changes and send messages to the central nervous
system so that it is constantly informed at what is going on, the CNS
then assesses this information and responds by activating the
appropriate body effectors
◉ endocrine system.
Answer: controls the body's activities, but acts much more slowly.
the endocrine glands produce chemical molecules called hormones
