PHAR 230 | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Q1: What is pharmacology?
A: the study of medicine/drugs
Q2: what is a drug?
A: any substance received by a biological system that is not for nutritional purposes
Q3: What is pharmacokinetics?
A: what the body does to the drug
Q4: What is pharmacodynamics?
A: what the drug does to the body
Q5: what is pharmacogenomics?
A: the study of genetic factors that underlie variations in drug responses
Q6: why do we use drugs?
A: 1. To achieve a beneficial effect on an individual
2. To exert a toxic effect on an invading organism
Q7: what is the most common mechanisms of action?
A: mediated by receptors
Q8: what is a receptor
A: a proteins that is the target of drug actions, can be extracellular or intracellular
Q9: what type of drugs attach to extracellular receptors?
A: watersoluble drugs
,Q10: what type of drugs attach to intracellular receptors?
A: fatsoluble drugs
Q11: what are the forms of drug receptors?
A: Rregulatory proteins, Eenzymes, Sstructural proteins, Ttransporters
Q12: which site of a receptor can drugs bind to?
A: the active site or the allosteric site
Q13: what are the drugs that act on the active site called?
A: full agonists
partial agonists
antagonists
inverse agonists
Q14: drugs are coupled with...
A: intracellular receptors
ion channel receptors
gprotein coupled receptors
enzymelinked receptors
Q15: dose
A: the measured quantity of a therapeutic agent to be taken at one time
Q16: drug response
A: the response on the body from a drug
Q17: doseresponse relationship
A: the more drug given, the greater the response, to a certain point
Q18: potency
A: the dose or concentration of a drug required to produce a response of a certain
magnitude
, Q19: efficacy
A: the maximal response that a drug can produce as we increase the dose in that system
Q20: which is clinically favoured: potency or efficacy?
A: efficacy
Q21: therapeutic index
A: Quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug, compares the amount of drug
that causes therapeutic effect to the amount that causes toxicity
Q22: how do you calculate TI?
A: TI = TD50/ED50 (toxic dose to 50% of people to effective dose in 50% of subjects)
Q23: therapeutic range
A: the range of drug levels in the blood of a pt in which the drug has the desired effects
upon the body
Q24: do drugs with small therapeutic ranges need to be more closely monitored or are they relatively safe?
A: need to be very closely monitored
Q25: ADME
A: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Q26: absorption
A: movement of the drug from site of administration into the bloodstream
Q27: distribution
A: movement of drug from blood to tissues
Q28: metabolism
A: conversion of a drug into a different compound
Q1: What is pharmacology?
A: the study of medicine/drugs
Q2: what is a drug?
A: any substance received by a biological system that is not for nutritional purposes
Q3: What is pharmacokinetics?
A: what the body does to the drug
Q4: What is pharmacodynamics?
A: what the drug does to the body
Q5: what is pharmacogenomics?
A: the study of genetic factors that underlie variations in drug responses
Q6: why do we use drugs?
A: 1. To achieve a beneficial effect on an individual
2. To exert a toxic effect on an invading organism
Q7: what is the most common mechanisms of action?
A: mediated by receptors
Q8: what is a receptor
A: a proteins that is the target of drug actions, can be extracellular or intracellular
Q9: what type of drugs attach to extracellular receptors?
A: watersoluble drugs
,Q10: what type of drugs attach to intracellular receptors?
A: fatsoluble drugs
Q11: what are the forms of drug receptors?
A: Rregulatory proteins, Eenzymes, Sstructural proteins, Ttransporters
Q12: which site of a receptor can drugs bind to?
A: the active site or the allosteric site
Q13: what are the drugs that act on the active site called?
A: full agonists
partial agonists
antagonists
inverse agonists
Q14: drugs are coupled with...
A: intracellular receptors
ion channel receptors
gprotein coupled receptors
enzymelinked receptors
Q15: dose
A: the measured quantity of a therapeutic agent to be taken at one time
Q16: drug response
A: the response on the body from a drug
Q17: doseresponse relationship
A: the more drug given, the greater the response, to a certain point
Q18: potency
A: the dose or concentration of a drug required to produce a response of a certain
magnitude
, Q19: efficacy
A: the maximal response that a drug can produce as we increase the dose in that system
Q20: which is clinically favoured: potency or efficacy?
A: efficacy
Q21: therapeutic index
A: Quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug, compares the amount of drug
that causes therapeutic effect to the amount that causes toxicity
Q22: how do you calculate TI?
A: TI = TD50/ED50 (toxic dose to 50% of people to effective dose in 50% of subjects)
Q23: therapeutic range
A: the range of drug levels in the blood of a pt in which the drug has the desired effects
upon the body
Q24: do drugs with small therapeutic ranges need to be more closely monitored or are they relatively safe?
A: need to be very closely monitored
Q25: ADME
A: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Q26: absorption
A: movement of the drug from site of administration into the bloodstream
Q27: distribution
A: movement of drug from blood to tissues
Q28: metabolism
A: conversion of a drug into a different compound
