ISA Arborist Certification Exam Questions
with Verified Correct Answers
conifers:
gymnosperms such as pine. The wood contains resin ducts.
conk:
a fruiting body of wood-rotting fungus located on the bole of the tree.
connector:
a part of the lightning protection system used to connect conductors to each other or to
metallic installations.
connector clamp:
a multipurpose bolt clamp that is used to bond conductors, or bond a conductor to a ground
terminal or tree supplemental support system.
consistency:
the way in which a substance holds together.
contact pesticides:
materials that cause pest injury or death on contact.
container grown tree:
a tree grown in a container or pot.
controlled-release fertilizer:
a slow-release or slowly soluble form of fertilizer.
,controlling authority:
an agency, organization, or corporate entity with the legal authority and/or obligation to
manage individual trees or tree populations.
coppicing:
the old-fashion cutting down of a tree within 12 in. (300mm) of the ground at regular
intervals, traditionally applied to certain species such as Hazel and Sweet Chestnut that
resprout to provide stakes.
cordate:
a heart-shaped leaf.
core sample:
a sample of wood extracted from a trunk or branch, using an increment borer tool. The
resulting core can be analyzed for characteristics of growth, structure, decay, and species
identification.
correct pruning cuts:
branches should be removed at their point of attachment or shortened to a lateral and all cuts
should be kept as small as possible.
cortex:
a layer inside the thin outer bark on young stems.
cotyledon:
the first leaf on a seedling.
crenate:
, a term to describe a leaf margin with rounded teeth.
crimp-type connector:
a cast or stamped connector used to connect cables in either an end-to-end, side-by-side, or a
Y configuration in a lightning protection system.
Critical Root Zone (CRZ):
the portion of the root system that is the minimum necessary to maintain vitality or stability
of the tree. Encroachment or damage to the critical root zone will put the tree at risk of
failure.
crown:
the portion of a tree beginning at the lowest main scaffold branch extending to the top of the
tree including all the branches and foliage but not including any clear stem/trunk. On younger
trees, the crown may be comprised of temporary branches.
crown cleaning:
the selective removal of dead, dying, diseased, and broken branches from the tree crown.
crown density:
the amount, compactness, or depth of foliage on a tree crown.
crown symmetry:
the distribution of branches relative to the trunk.
crown thinning:
the removal of a portion of smaller branches, usually at the outer crown, to produce a uniform
density of foliage around an evenly spaced branch structure. It is usually confined to broad-
with Verified Correct Answers
conifers:
gymnosperms such as pine. The wood contains resin ducts.
conk:
a fruiting body of wood-rotting fungus located on the bole of the tree.
connector:
a part of the lightning protection system used to connect conductors to each other or to
metallic installations.
connector clamp:
a multipurpose bolt clamp that is used to bond conductors, or bond a conductor to a ground
terminal or tree supplemental support system.
consistency:
the way in which a substance holds together.
contact pesticides:
materials that cause pest injury or death on contact.
container grown tree:
a tree grown in a container or pot.
controlled-release fertilizer:
a slow-release or slowly soluble form of fertilizer.
,controlling authority:
an agency, organization, or corporate entity with the legal authority and/or obligation to
manage individual trees or tree populations.
coppicing:
the old-fashion cutting down of a tree within 12 in. (300mm) of the ground at regular
intervals, traditionally applied to certain species such as Hazel and Sweet Chestnut that
resprout to provide stakes.
cordate:
a heart-shaped leaf.
core sample:
a sample of wood extracted from a trunk or branch, using an increment borer tool. The
resulting core can be analyzed for characteristics of growth, structure, decay, and species
identification.
correct pruning cuts:
branches should be removed at their point of attachment or shortened to a lateral and all cuts
should be kept as small as possible.
cortex:
a layer inside the thin outer bark on young stems.
cotyledon:
the first leaf on a seedling.
crenate:
, a term to describe a leaf margin with rounded teeth.
crimp-type connector:
a cast or stamped connector used to connect cables in either an end-to-end, side-by-side, or a
Y configuration in a lightning protection system.
Critical Root Zone (CRZ):
the portion of the root system that is the minimum necessary to maintain vitality or stability
of the tree. Encroachment or damage to the critical root zone will put the tree at risk of
failure.
crown:
the portion of a tree beginning at the lowest main scaffold branch extending to the top of the
tree including all the branches and foliage but not including any clear stem/trunk. On younger
trees, the crown may be comprised of temporary branches.
crown cleaning:
the selective removal of dead, dying, diseased, and broken branches from the tree crown.
crown density:
the amount, compactness, or depth of foliage on a tree crown.
crown symmetry:
the distribution of branches relative to the trunk.
crown thinning:
the removal of a portion of smaller branches, usually at the outer crown, to produce a uniform
density of foliage around an evenly spaced branch structure. It is usually confined to broad-
