IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY LESSON 1 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Immunohematology - Correct Answers -The study if blood group antigens and the
antibodies that maybe produced. The demonststion if the reacgions between an antigen
and its coreesponding antibidy is key to this
What are the cellular elements in immunohematology? - Correct Answers -1. Red blood
cells
2. White blood cells
3. Platelets
Where are the antibodies found? - Correct Answers -In the serum
What does plasma contain? - Correct Answers -Fibrogen and coagulation factors along
with salts and various kinds of proteins
How much blood is circulating in adult body? - Correct Answers -4-6 liters or 12-10 pints
What do platelets do? - Correct Answers -Help blood to clot if tou get a wound
What causes different blood types? - Correct Answers -Due to presence or absence of
certain molecules called antigens and antibodies. This depends on what you inherited
from your parents
When do you have to do blood typing? - Correct Answers -1. Blood donors
2. Intended surgery patients
3. Prenatal patients
4. Potential blood transfusion recipients
5. Forensic
6. Organ transplant
Blood typing - Correct Answers -Testing a persons blood for the presence or absence of
certain antigens that are present in the red blood cells
Antigen - Correct Answers -Substance capable of eliciting an immune response
(produce antibody) when introduced into a host. Some antigens can be proteins or
polysaccrides while some are complex structures such as penicillin and alpha
methyldopa.
Haptens - Correct Answers -Smaller structure that must be bound to a larger substance
to provide enough weight to stimulate antibody production
, Immunogen - Correct Answers -An antigen that can elicit an immune response without
any help
Immunogenicity - Correct Answers -The degree to which an antigen can elicit an
immune response or the ability of that antigen to produce corresponding antibody in a
person who lacks the antigen
Antibody - Correct Answers -Immunoglobulin Protein that is produced by lymph tissue in
response to an antigenic stimulus and capable of responding to that stimulus
Antigenic determinant or epitope - Correct Answers -The part of the antigen molecule
that can combine with specific antibody
Immunodominant group - Correct Answers -The part of the antigenic determinant that
binds most strongly with the antibody. GIVES THE ANTIGEN ITS SPECIFICTY!
Cross reactivity - Correct Answers -The ability to react with more than 1 antigenic
determinant or epitope
What afffects the immunogenic potential of antigen? - Correct Answers -1. Dose of
antigen- AMOUNT AND FREQUENCY OF EXPOSURE
2. Immunocompetence of recipient- may not produce antibodies vs produced a lot of
antibodies
What is the molecular structure of immunoglobulin? - Correct Answers -2 heavy chains
with 5 classes and 2 light chains with 2 classes
Affinity - Correct Answers -The degree BETWEEN an antigen and antibody
Avidity - Correct Answers -The STRENGTH of the bond between antigen and antibody
SPECIFICTY - Correct Answers -The blueprint of the antibody that will allow for the
reaction only with the antigen that elicited that response
Allogenic or homologous - Correct Answers -Antigens from the SAME species but are
antigenicly distinct
Immune response - Correct Answers -The recognition of non-self or foreign substances.
It subsequently provides a memory for the body so that the body can react rapidly to
later exposure to that same foreign substance
Innate response - Correct Answers -NON SPECIFIC, same mechanism used against
the any stimulus. Includes:
2. Phagocytosis
2. Complement activation
3. Epithelial barriers
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Immunohematology - Correct Answers -The study if blood group antigens and the
antibodies that maybe produced. The demonststion if the reacgions between an antigen
and its coreesponding antibidy is key to this
What are the cellular elements in immunohematology? - Correct Answers -1. Red blood
cells
2. White blood cells
3. Platelets
Where are the antibodies found? - Correct Answers -In the serum
What does plasma contain? - Correct Answers -Fibrogen and coagulation factors along
with salts and various kinds of proteins
How much blood is circulating in adult body? - Correct Answers -4-6 liters or 12-10 pints
What do platelets do? - Correct Answers -Help blood to clot if tou get a wound
What causes different blood types? - Correct Answers -Due to presence or absence of
certain molecules called antigens and antibodies. This depends on what you inherited
from your parents
When do you have to do blood typing? - Correct Answers -1. Blood donors
2. Intended surgery patients
3. Prenatal patients
4. Potential blood transfusion recipients
5. Forensic
6. Organ transplant
Blood typing - Correct Answers -Testing a persons blood for the presence or absence of
certain antigens that are present in the red blood cells
Antigen - Correct Answers -Substance capable of eliciting an immune response
(produce antibody) when introduced into a host. Some antigens can be proteins or
polysaccrides while some are complex structures such as penicillin and alpha
methyldopa.
Haptens - Correct Answers -Smaller structure that must be bound to a larger substance
to provide enough weight to stimulate antibody production
, Immunogen - Correct Answers -An antigen that can elicit an immune response without
any help
Immunogenicity - Correct Answers -The degree to which an antigen can elicit an
immune response or the ability of that antigen to produce corresponding antibody in a
person who lacks the antigen
Antibody - Correct Answers -Immunoglobulin Protein that is produced by lymph tissue in
response to an antigenic stimulus and capable of responding to that stimulus
Antigenic determinant or epitope - Correct Answers -The part of the antigen molecule
that can combine with specific antibody
Immunodominant group - Correct Answers -The part of the antigenic determinant that
binds most strongly with the antibody. GIVES THE ANTIGEN ITS SPECIFICTY!
Cross reactivity - Correct Answers -The ability to react with more than 1 antigenic
determinant or epitope
What afffects the immunogenic potential of antigen? - Correct Answers -1. Dose of
antigen- AMOUNT AND FREQUENCY OF EXPOSURE
2. Immunocompetence of recipient- may not produce antibodies vs produced a lot of
antibodies
What is the molecular structure of immunoglobulin? - Correct Answers -2 heavy chains
with 5 classes and 2 light chains with 2 classes
Affinity - Correct Answers -The degree BETWEEN an antigen and antibody
Avidity - Correct Answers -The STRENGTH of the bond between antigen and antibody
SPECIFICTY - Correct Answers -The blueprint of the antibody that will allow for the
reaction only with the antigen that elicited that response
Allogenic or homologous - Correct Answers -Antigens from the SAME species but are
antigenicly distinct
Immune response - Correct Answers -The recognition of non-self or foreign substances.
It subsequently provides a memory for the body so that the body can react rapidly to
later exposure to that same foreign substance
Innate response - Correct Answers -NON SPECIFIC, same mechanism used against
the any stimulus. Includes:
2. Phagocytosis
2. Complement activation
3. Epithelial barriers
