BIO 1108 Unit #1 Exam | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: locus
A: Location of a gene on a chromosome
Q2: genotye
A: an organisms genetic make up or allele combos.
Q3: Phenotype
A: An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Q4: Alleles
A: Different forms of a gene
,Q5: genotype frequency
A: p^2+2pq+q^2
#AA,#Aa,#aa/N
Q6: HardyWeinberg equilibrium
A: condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain
constant over time
Q7: What are the conditions of HardyWeinberg?
A: 1. No differential survival or reproductive success of individuals
2. No migration
3. No mutation
4. No small population
5. No mate choice
Q8: Observed Allele Frequencies
A: f(R) = 2(RR)+RB / 2N
f(B) = 2(BB)+RB / 2N
p+q=1
Q9: Gene Pool
A: consists of all the alleles present in all individuals in a species
Q10: What are the two types of mutations?
A: somatic; germline
Q11: somatic mutation
A: A mutation that occurs in the body cells. Cannot be inherited.
Q12: germline mutation
A: a mutation occurring in gametes; passed on to offspring
,Q13: bad mutation
A: deleterious
Q14: good mutations
A: advantageous
Q15: neutral mutation
A: neutral
Q16: Evolution
A: change in the frequency of alleles or genotypes in a population over time
Q17: What are the three ways to measure evolutotion
A: 1. observable physical traits
2. gel electrophoresis
3. DNA sequencing
Q18: natural selection 3 cornerstones
A: 1. individuals in a population vary in their traits
2. some of these differences are heritable
3. more offspring are produced that can survive, and only some of these will survive long
enough to reproduce
Q19: Fitness
A: Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
Q20: sexual selection
A: A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited characteristics are
more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Q21: intersexual selection
A: Selection whereby individuals of one sex (usually females) are choosy in selecting their
mates from individuals of the other sex; also called mate choice.
, Q22: intrasexual selection
A: A direct competition among individuals of one sex (usually the males in vertebrates) for
mates of the opposite sex.
Q23: disruptive selection
A: favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range (against mean)
Q24: stabilizing selection
A: Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes
Q25: directional selection
A: occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait
Q26: Nonadaptive mechanisms of evolutionary change are:
A: random forces including migration (gene flow), mutation, genetic drift, and nonrandom
mating
Q27: artificial selection
A: selection by a breeder rather than by natural selection
Verified Answers
Q1: locus
A: Location of a gene on a chromosome
Q2: genotye
A: an organisms genetic make up or allele combos.
Q3: Phenotype
A: An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Q4: Alleles
A: Different forms of a gene
,Q5: genotype frequency
A: p^2+2pq+q^2
#AA,#Aa,#aa/N
Q6: HardyWeinberg equilibrium
A: condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain
constant over time
Q7: What are the conditions of HardyWeinberg?
A: 1. No differential survival or reproductive success of individuals
2. No migration
3. No mutation
4. No small population
5. No mate choice
Q8: Observed Allele Frequencies
A: f(R) = 2(RR)+RB / 2N
f(B) = 2(BB)+RB / 2N
p+q=1
Q9: Gene Pool
A: consists of all the alleles present in all individuals in a species
Q10: What are the two types of mutations?
A: somatic; germline
Q11: somatic mutation
A: A mutation that occurs in the body cells. Cannot be inherited.
Q12: germline mutation
A: a mutation occurring in gametes; passed on to offspring
,Q13: bad mutation
A: deleterious
Q14: good mutations
A: advantageous
Q15: neutral mutation
A: neutral
Q16: Evolution
A: change in the frequency of alleles or genotypes in a population over time
Q17: What are the three ways to measure evolutotion
A: 1. observable physical traits
2. gel electrophoresis
3. DNA sequencing
Q18: natural selection 3 cornerstones
A: 1. individuals in a population vary in their traits
2. some of these differences are heritable
3. more offspring are produced that can survive, and only some of these will survive long
enough to reproduce
Q19: Fitness
A: Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
Q20: sexual selection
A: A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited characteristics are
more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Q21: intersexual selection
A: Selection whereby individuals of one sex (usually females) are choosy in selecting their
mates from individuals of the other sex; also called mate choice.
, Q22: intrasexual selection
A: A direct competition among individuals of one sex (usually the males in vertebrates) for
mates of the opposite sex.
Q23: disruptive selection
A: favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range (against mean)
Q24: stabilizing selection
A: Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes
Q25: directional selection
A: occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait
Q26: Nonadaptive mechanisms of evolutionary change are:
A: random forces including migration (gene flow), mutation, genetic drift, and nonrandom
mating
Q27: artificial selection
A: selection by a breeder rather than by natural selection
