NU 131
EXAM 4
Nursing and Healthcare I
Actual Questions w/Correct Answers
Galen College of Nursing
What you Will Get:
• 50 verified questions
• Correct answers with Detailed Rationales.
• Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,1. The nurse is caring for a 50-year-old male client and discusses routine health
promotion screenings the client needs to have performed. Which of the following
should the nurse include in this discussion?
a) Thyroid levels.
b) Colonoscopy.
c) Testicular ultrasound.
d) Skin lesion mapping.
Correct Answer:
B. Colonoscopy
Rationale:
Colorectal cancer screening is an important routine health-promotion intervention for
adults in this age group. A colonoscopy allows direct visualization of the colon and
removal or biopsy of suspicious polyps. Current guidelines generally recommend
beginning routine colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for adults at average risk,
although older educational materials often use age 50.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Thyroid levels: Thyroid testing may be ordered when symptoms or risk
factors are present, but it is not the primary routine screening identified for every
healthy 50-year-old male.
• C. Testicular ultrasound: A testicular ultrasound is a diagnostic test used when
a mass, pain, swelling, or other abnormality is present. It is not routinely
performed as a general screening test.
• D. Skin lesion mapping: Skin assessment is important, particularly for clients at
increased risk for skin cancer, but formal lesion mapping is not a universal
routine screening procedure.
2. The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is being admitted to the
hospital for dehydration. The client is poorly dressed, has body odor, appears
unkempt, and has numerous unexplained bruises. Which of the following actions
is the priority of the nurse?
a) Develop a future plan of action with the client.
b) Determine if the client is experiencing abuse or neglect.
,c) Explore methods of rehydration attempted at home.
d) Inquire about medications the client is taking.
Correct Answer:
B. Determine if the client is experiencing abuse or neglect.
Rationale:
The client’s poor hygiene, inappropriate clothing, dehydration, unkempt appearance,
and unexplained bruises are warning signs of possible elder abuse or neglect. The
nurse must first assess the client’s immediate safety and determine whether abuse or
neglect is occurring. This reflects the priority principles of safety, protection, and
prevention of further harm.
The nurse should interview the client privately whenever possible and follow institutional
and legal reporting requirements if abuse or neglect is suspected.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Develop a future plan of action: Planning occurs after the nurse has
completed an assessment and identified the immediate problem.
• C. Explore methods of rehydration attempted at home: This may provide
useful information but does not address the more urgent safety concern.
• D. Inquire about medications: Medication assessment is important because
some medications contribute to dehydration or bruising, but the cluster of findings
requires immediate assessment for mistreatment.
3. The nurse is reinforcing with a group of middle-aged female clients about
interventions related to common menopausal concerns. Which of the following is
correct for the nurse to include?
a) “Discuss the need for antianxiety medications with your primary health care provider.”
b) “Avoid cotton clothing during periods of hot flashes and chilling.”
c) “Reduction of caffeine and alcohol consumption is unnecessary.”
d) “Use a water-soluble lubricant to help with vaginal dryness.”
Correct Answer:
D. “Use a water-soluble lubricant to help with vaginal dryness.”
Rationale:
Declining estrogen levels during menopause can cause thinning and dryness of vaginal
tissues. A water-soluble lubricant can decrease friction, discomfort, and pain during
, sexual activity. Water-soluble products are generally preferred because they are less
likely to irritate tissues and are compatible with latex condoms.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Antianxiety medications: Medication is not automatically required for
common menopausal symptoms. Nonpharmacological interventions and
individualized assessment should be considered first.
• B. Avoid cotton clothing: Cotton and layered clothing are usually encouraged
because they allow ventilation and make it easier to respond to hot flashes.
• C. Reduction of caffeine and alcohol is unnecessary: Caffeine and alcohol
can trigger or worsen hot flashes and sleep disturbances. Reducing them may
improve symptoms.
4. The nurse is reviewing dietary supplements with a 48-year-old female client
who is perimenopausal. Which of the following should the nurse discuss with the
client?
a) “Vitamin C will help with muscle mass and joint mobility.”
b) “Vitamin E will improve the common problem of constipation.”
c) “Calcium supplements will help with the common loss of bone mass.”
d) “Zinc supplements will decrease symptoms of menopause.”
Correct Answer:
C. “Calcium supplements will help with the common loss of bone mass.”
Rationale:
Estrogen levels decline during perimenopause and menopause. Estrogen helps
maintain bone density, so reduced estrogen increases the risk of bone loss and
osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake, along with vitamin D and weight-bearing
exercise, supports bone health.
Calcium supplementation should be individualized according to dietary intake, health
history, kidney function, and the primary health care provider’s recommendations.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Vitamin C: Vitamin C supports collagen production and immune function but
does not specifically prevent menopausal muscle loss or improve joint mobility.
• B. Vitamin E: Vitamin E is not a standard treatment for constipation.
EXAM 4
Nursing and Healthcare I
Actual Questions w/Correct Answers
Galen College of Nursing
What you Will Get:
• 50 verified questions
• Correct answers with Detailed Rationales.
• Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,1. The nurse is caring for a 50-year-old male client and discusses routine health
promotion screenings the client needs to have performed. Which of the following
should the nurse include in this discussion?
a) Thyroid levels.
b) Colonoscopy.
c) Testicular ultrasound.
d) Skin lesion mapping.
Correct Answer:
B. Colonoscopy
Rationale:
Colorectal cancer screening is an important routine health-promotion intervention for
adults in this age group. A colonoscopy allows direct visualization of the colon and
removal or biopsy of suspicious polyps. Current guidelines generally recommend
beginning routine colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for adults at average risk,
although older educational materials often use age 50.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Thyroid levels: Thyroid testing may be ordered when symptoms or risk
factors are present, but it is not the primary routine screening identified for every
healthy 50-year-old male.
• C. Testicular ultrasound: A testicular ultrasound is a diagnostic test used when
a mass, pain, swelling, or other abnormality is present. It is not routinely
performed as a general screening test.
• D. Skin lesion mapping: Skin assessment is important, particularly for clients at
increased risk for skin cancer, but formal lesion mapping is not a universal
routine screening procedure.
2. The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is being admitted to the
hospital for dehydration. The client is poorly dressed, has body odor, appears
unkempt, and has numerous unexplained bruises. Which of the following actions
is the priority of the nurse?
a) Develop a future plan of action with the client.
b) Determine if the client is experiencing abuse or neglect.
,c) Explore methods of rehydration attempted at home.
d) Inquire about medications the client is taking.
Correct Answer:
B. Determine if the client is experiencing abuse or neglect.
Rationale:
The client’s poor hygiene, inappropriate clothing, dehydration, unkempt appearance,
and unexplained bruises are warning signs of possible elder abuse or neglect. The
nurse must first assess the client’s immediate safety and determine whether abuse or
neglect is occurring. This reflects the priority principles of safety, protection, and
prevention of further harm.
The nurse should interview the client privately whenever possible and follow institutional
and legal reporting requirements if abuse or neglect is suspected.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Develop a future plan of action: Planning occurs after the nurse has
completed an assessment and identified the immediate problem.
• C. Explore methods of rehydration attempted at home: This may provide
useful information but does not address the more urgent safety concern.
• D. Inquire about medications: Medication assessment is important because
some medications contribute to dehydration or bruising, but the cluster of findings
requires immediate assessment for mistreatment.
3. The nurse is reinforcing with a group of middle-aged female clients about
interventions related to common menopausal concerns. Which of the following is
correct for the nurse to include?
a) “Discuss the need for antianxiety medications with your primary health care provider.”
b) “Avoid cotton clothing during periods of hot flashes and chilling.”
c) “Reduction of caffeine and alcohol consumption is unnecessary.”
d) “Use a water-soluble lubricant to help with vaginal dryness.”
Correct Answer:
D. “Use a water-soluble lubricant to help with vaginal dryness.”
Rationale:
Declining estrogen levels during menopause can cause thinning and dryness of vaginal
tissues. A water-soluble lubricant can decrease friction, discomfort, and pain during
, sexual activity. Water-soluble products are generally preferred because they are less
likely to irritate tissues and are compatible with latex condoms.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Antianxiety medications: Medication is not automatically required for
common menopausal symptoms. Nonpharmacological interventions and
individualized assessment should be considered first.
• B. Avoid cotton clothing: Cotton and layered clothing are usually encouraged
because they allow ventilation and make it easier to respond to hot flashes.
• C. Reduction of caffeine and alcohol is unnecessary: Caffeine and alcohol
can trigger or worsen hot flashes and sleep disturbances. Reducing them may
improve symptoms.
4. The nurse is reviewing dietary supplements with a 48-year-old female client
who is perimenopausal. Which of the following should the nurse discuss with the
client?
a) “Vitamin C will help with muscle mass and joint mobility.”
b) “Vitamin E will improve the common problem of constipation.”
c) “Calcium supplements will help with the common loss of bone mass.”
d) “Zinc supplements will decrease symptoms of menopause.”
Correct Answer:
C. “Calcium supplements will help with the common loss of bone mass.”
Rationale:
Estrogen levels decline during perimenopause and menopause. Estrogen helps
maintain bone density, so reduced estrogen increases the risk of bone loss and
osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake, along with vitamin D and weight-bearing
exercise, supports bone health.
Calcium supplementation should be individualized according to dietary intake, health
history, kidney function, and the primary health care provider’s recommendations.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong:
• A. Vitamin C: Vitamin C supports collagen production and immune function but
does not specifically prevent menopausal muscle loss or improve joint mobility.
• B. Vitamin E: Vitamin E is not a standard treatment for constipation.
