ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Newest
complete questions and correct verified
answers (detailed answers) already graded A+
1.) A nurse prepares to reinforce instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol
(Zyloprim). The nurse plans to include which of the following in the instructions?
1. Instruct the client to drink 3000 mL of fluid per day.
2. Instruct the client to take the medication on an empty stomach.
3. Inform the client that the effect of the medication will occur immediately.
4. Instruct the client that, if swelling of the lips occurs, this is a normal expected
response. - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-1. Instruct the client to drink
3000 mL of fluid per day.
Rationale:
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is an antigout medication used to decrease uric acid levels.
Clients taking allopurinol are encouraged to drink 3000 mL of fluid a day. A full
therapeutic effect may take 1 week or longer. Allopurinol is to be given with or
immediately following meals or milk to prevent gastrointestinal irritation. If the
client develops a rash, irritation of the eyes, or swelling of the lips or mouth, he or
she should contact the health care provider because this may indicate
hypersensitivity.
2.) Colcrys (colchicine) is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of gout. The nurse
reviews the client's medical history in the health record, knowing that the
medication would be contraindicated in which disorder?
,1. Myxedema
2. Renal failure
3. Hypothyroidism
4. Diabetes mellitus - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-2. Renal failure
Rationale:
Colchicine is contraindicated in clients with severe gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic
or cardiac disorders, or with blood dyscrasias. Clients with impaired renal function
may exhibit myopathy and neuropathy manifested as generalized weakness. This
medication should be used with caution in clients with impaired hepatic function,
older clients, and debilitated clients.
**Note that options 1, 3, and 4 are all endocrine-related disorders:
Myxedema=Hypothyroidism**
169.) Insulin glargine (Lantus) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The
nurse tells the client that it is best to take the insulin:
1. 1 hour after each meal
2. Once daily, at the same time each day
3. 15 minutes before breakfast, lunch, and dinner
4. Before each meal, on the basis of the blood glucose level - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-2. Once daily, at the same time each day Rationale:
Insulin glargine is a long-acting recombinant DNA human insulin used to treat type
1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has a 24-hour duration of action and is
administered once a day, at the same time each day.
Patient identifiers - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }--Medical record
number
,-home telephone number
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? -
{ Resolution Result Verified Answers }-■ Urinalysis
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity
☐ Serum creatinine
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal failure
(ARF)
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF) exceeding
4 mg/dL
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
■ Serum electrolytes
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium, phosphorus,
and magnesium
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - { Resolution Result Verified
Answers }--increased amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes,
raisins, and orange juice)
, Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-color and temperature
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-pain, tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat,
neck, and/or jaw
slow or difficult speech
Know about Transdermal patch - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }--• Apply
at the same time once each day,
preferably in the morning. Keep patch on for
12 to 14 hr each day.
• Remove the patch at night to reduce the risk of
developing tolerance to nitroglycerin. Be
medication-free a minimum of 10 to 12 hr each
day (usually at night).
• Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate dosage.
• Place the patch on a hairless area of skin
(chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites
to prevent skin irritation.
• Wash skin with soap and water and dry
thoroughly before applying new patch.
RBC Blood transfusion - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-
complete questions and correct verified
answers (detailed answers) already graded A+
1.) A nurse prepares to reinforce instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol
(Zyloprim). The nurse plans to include which of the following in the instructions?
1. Instruct the client to drink 3000 mL of fluid per day.
2. Instruct the client to take the medication on an empty stomach.
3. Inform the client that the effect of the medication will occur immediately.
4. Instruct the client that, if swelling of the lips occurs, this is a normal expected
response. - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-1. Instruct the client to drink
3000 mL of fluid per day.
Rationale:
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is an antigout medication used to decrease uric acid levels.
Clients taking allopurinol are encouraged to drink 3000 mL of fluid a day. A full
therapeutic effect may take 1 week or longer. Allopurinol is to be given with or
immediately following meals or milk to prevent gastrointestinal irritation. If the
client develops a rash, irritation of the eyes, or swelling of the lips or mouth, he or
she should contact the health care provider because this may indicate
hypersensitivity.
2.) Colcrys (colchicine) is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of gout. The nurse
reviews the client's medical history in the health record, knowing that the
medication would be contraindicated in which disorder?
,1. Myxedema
2. Renal failure
3. Hypothyroidism
4. Diabetes mellitus - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-2. Renal failure
Rationale:
Colchicine is contraindicated in clients with severe gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic
or cardiac disorders, or with blood dyscrasias. Clients with impaired renal function
may exhibit myopathy and neuropathy manifested as generalized weakness. This
medication should be used with caution in clients with impaired hepatic function,
older clients, and debilitated clients.
**Note that options 1, 3, and 4 are all endocrine-related disorders:
Myxedema=Hypothyroidism**
169.) Insulin glargine (Lantus) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The
nurse tells the client that it is best to take the insulin:
1. 1 hour after each meal
2. Once daily, at the same time each day
3. 15 minutes before breakfast, lunch, and dinner
4. Before each meal, on the basis of the blood glucose level - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-2. Once daily, at the same time each day Rationale:
Insulin glargine is a long-acting recombinant DNA human insulin used to treat type
1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has a 24-hour duration of action and is
administered once a day, at the same time each day.
Patient identifiers - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }--Medical record
number
,-home telephone number
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? -
{ Resolution Result Verified Answers }-■ Urinalysis
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity
☐ Serum creatinine
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal failure
(ARF)
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF) exceeding
4 mg/dL
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
■ Serum electrolytes
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium, phosphorus,
and magnesium
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - { Resolution Result Verified
Answers }--increased amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes,
raisins, and orange juice)
, Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-color and temperature
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - { Resolution Result
Verified Answers }-pain, tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat,
neck, and/or jaw
slow or difficult speech
Know about Transdermal patch - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }--• Apply
at the same time once each day,
preferably in the morning. Keep patch on for
12 to 14 hr each day.
• Remove the patch at night to reduce the risk of
developing tolerance to nitroglycerin. Be
medication-free a minimum of 10 to 12 hr each
day (usually at night).
• Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate dosage.
• Place the patch on a hairless area of skin
(chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites
to prevent skin irritation.
• Wash skin with soap and water and dry
thoroughly before applying new patch.
RBC Blood transfusion - { Resolution Result Verified Answers }-
