BIO 121 Module 2 | Essentials in Nutrition Exam Q&A |
Portage Learning
Here are 100 original multiple-choice practice questions for BIO 121 Module 2:
Nutrition. This set assumes Module 2 covers digestion, absorption, metabolism,
energy transformation, and the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, and alcohol. They are not official examination questions and are not copied from
any textbook, test bank, or copyrighted source.
Question 1:
The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed is
called:
A. Metabolism
B. Digestion
C. Absorption
D. Elimination
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients.
Question 2:
The process by which nutrients move from the digestive tract into the bloodstream or
lymph is called:
A. Digestion
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Hydrolysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Absorption is the transfer of digested nutrients across the intestinal wall into circulation.
Question 3:
Which of the following is the correct order of the digestive tract from mouth to anus?
,A. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
B. Mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, anus
C. Mouth, esophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine, anus
D. Mouth, pharynx, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, anus
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
The correct order is mouth → esophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine →
rectum → anus.
Question 4:
Mechanical digestion begins in the:
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Esophagus
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Chewing (mastication) in the mouth is the first step of mechanical digestion.
Question 5:
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth with the enzyme:
A. Pepsin
B. Lipase
C. Salivary amylase
D. Trypsin
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
Salivary amylase begins the chemical breakdown of starch into smaller
polysaccharides.
Question 6:
The bolus is formed in the:
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
,C. Mouth
D. Small intestine
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
A bolus is a soft mass of chewed food formed in the mouth.
Question 7:
The wave-like muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are
called:
A. Segmentation
B. Peristalsis
C. Emulsification
D. Hydrolysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction that propels food forward through the digestive
tract.
Question 8:
The esophagus connects the:
A. Mouth to the stomach
B. Stomach to the small intestine
C. Small intestine to the large intestine
D. Pharynx to the trachea
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
The esophagus is the muscular tube connecting the pharynx to the stomach.
Question 9:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents:
A. Food from entering the trachea
B. Stomach contents from refluxing into the esophagus
C. Bile from entering the stomach
D. Chyme from entering the large intestine
, Correct answer: B
Rationale:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents acid reflux by closing off the stomach from the
esophagus.
Question 10:
Which substance protects the stomach lining from acid?
A. Bile
B. Mucus
C. Pepsin
D. Amylase
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Mucus secreted by stomach cells protects the lining from hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
Question 11:
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach functions to:
A. Digest carbohydrates
B. Activate pepsin and kill bacteria
C. Emulsify fats
D. Absorb water
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen to pepsin and destroys ingested
microorganisms.
Question 12:
The semiliquid mixture of food and gastric juices in the stomach is called:
A. Bolus
B. Chyme
C. Feces
D. Lymph
Correct answer: B
Portage Learning
Here are 100 original multiple-choice practice questions for BIO 121 Module 2:
Nutrition. This set assumes Module 2 covers digestion, absorption, metabolism,
energy transformation, and the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, and alcohol. They are not official examination questions and are not copied from
any textbook, test bank, or copyrighted source.
Question 1:
The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed is
called:
A. Metabolism
B. Digestion
C. Absorption
D. Elimination
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients.
Question 2:
The process by which nutrients move from the digestive tract into the bloodstream or
lymph is called:
A. Digestion
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Hydrolysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Absorption is the transfer of digested nutrients across the intestinal wall into circulation.
Question 3:
Which of the following is the correct order of the digestive tract from mouth to anus?
,A. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
B. Mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, anus
C. Mouth, esophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine, anus
D. Mouth, pharynx, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, anus
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
The correct order is mouth → esophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine →
rectum → anus.
Question 4:
Mechanical digestion begins in the:
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Esophagus
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Chewing (mastication) in the mouth is the first step of mechanical digestion.
Question 5:
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth with the enzyme:
A. Pepsin
B. Lipase
C. Salivary amylase
D. Trypsin
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
Salivary amylase begins the chemical breakdown of starch into smaller
polysaccharides.
Question 6:
The bolus is formed in the:
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
,C. Mouth
D. Small intestine
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
A bolus is a soft mass of chewed food formed in the mouth.
Question 7:
The wave-like muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are
called:
A. Segmentation
B. Peristalsis
C. Emulsification
D. Hydrolysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction that propels food forward through the digestive
tract.
Question 8:
The esophagus connects the:
A. Mouth to the stomach
B. Stomach to the small intestine
C. Small intestine to the large intestine
D. Pharynx to the trachea
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
The esophagus is the muscular tube connecting the pharynx to the stomach.
Question 9:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents:
A. Food from entering the trachea
B. Stomach contents from refluxing into the esophagus
C. Bile from entering the stomach
D. Chyme from entering the large intestine
, Correct answer: B
Rationale:
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents acid reflux by closing off the stomach from the
esophagus.
Question 10:
Which substance protects the stomach lining from acid?
A. Bile
B. Mucus
C. Pepsin
D. Amylase
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Mucus secreted by stomach cells protects the lining from hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
Question 11:
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach functions to:
A. Digest carbohydrates
B. Activate pepsin and kill bacteria
C. Emulsify fats
D. Absorb water
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen to pepsin and destroys ingested
microorganisms.
Question 12:
The semiliquid mixture of food and gastric juices in the stomach is called:
A. Bolus
B. Chyme
C. Feces
D. Lymph
Correct answer: B
