ANAT 1500 - Test #6 | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: ID the fxn of the urinary system
A: remove toxins/waste from blood
forms urine
adjusts blood composition/ balance salts/bases/lytes
assist in RBC production
regulate BP
fluid balance
pH balance
Q2: Locate & describe the kidneys
A: retroperitoneal, adjacent to vertebrae (between T12 & L3, at 12th rib)
L tends to be higher than R (as liver is takes up the space on R)
kidney bean shape. reddish-brown in colour
Renal fat pad: encases in hold in position & for protection
hilium: concave notch on medial surface where vessels tubes enter the kidney
Q3: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: outer
cortex
A: = outer covering
tough/fibrous connective tissue
barrier for preventing infections from entering
anchors kidney to surrounding structures
Q4: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Medulla
A: = inner region
renal pyramids: make up most of medullary tissue
renal columns: cortical tissue between pyramids
Q5: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Calyx
A: cuplike. are the beginning of the 'plumbing' structure
Q6: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Renal
pelvis
A: receives urine from calyces
Q7: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Proximal
end of calyces
A: further divides into calyces: collection using from ducts (from nephrons)
, Q8: Locate & describe the Ureters
A: 1/kidney, retroperitoneal = drainage tube into bladder
has valves at bladder, to prevent back flow
lined w/ transitional epithelium (sig. stretch),
mucous lining > muscular mid-layer > outer layer
urine moves down towards bladder w. peristalsis
Q9: Locate & describe the Urinary Bladder
A: below parietal peritoneum, behind pubic symphasis
fxn: reservoir & expels urine (w. the help of urethra)
smooth, collapsible hollow organ
bladder wall = mostly sm. muscle, lined w/ rugae
superior surface will extend as a dome as it fills with urine
trigone: towards bottom of bladder, triangular sm. area w. lots of nerves.
• 3 openings at each angle: 2 from ureters & 1 for urethra
• innervated, senses when needing to void
Q10: Locate & describe the Urethra
A: = path to outside (floor of bladder to exterior of body)
mucos membrane lining, antibacterial protection & reduces friction
M: 20 cm
passes through centre of prostate gland
semen also passes through here
F: 3cm
more prone to infection due to short length
Q11: ID the fxnal unit of the Kidney
A: = nephron. process blood plasma & excretes urine
located in renal cortex
~ 1 million/kidney
2 parts
•Renal Corpuscle: filters blood
•Renal Tubule: processes the filtrate through reabsorption and secretion
urine collects & passes down the urine collecting duct > calyx > ureter
blood is fed through & then returned to circ. system after filtrate is removed
Q12: Locate & discuss the parts of the Nephron
A: RENAL CORPUSCLE: 2 parts: glomerulus & bowman's capsule
Glomerulus = network of capillaries, surrounded by bowman's capsule
thin, membranous walls, 1-cell thick
fenestrations (pores) present
Bowman's capsule = cup-shapes surrounding glomerulus
connective tissue
collects filtrate & delivers to tubules
RENAL TUBULES
Verified Answers
Q1: ID the fxn of the urinary system
A: remove toxins/waste from blood
forms urine
adjusts blood composition/ balance salts/bases/lytes
assist in RBC production
regulate BP
fluid balance
pH balance
Q2: Locate & describe the kidneys
A: retroperitoneal, adjacent to vertebrae (between T12 & L3, at 12th rib)
L tends to be higher than R (as liver is takes up the space on R)
kidney bean shape. reddish-brown in colour
Renal fat pad: encases in hold in position & for protection
hilium: concave notch on medial surface where vessels tubes enter the kidney
Q3: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: outer
cortex
A: = outer covering
tough/fibrous connective tissue
barrier for preventing infections from entering
anchors kidney to surrounding structures
Q4: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Medulla
A: = inner region
renal pyramids: make up most of medullary tissue
renal columns: cortical tissue between pyramids
Q5: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Calyx
A: cuplike. are the beginning of the 'plumbing' structure
Q6: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Renal
pelvis
A: receives urine from calyces
Q7: Describe the covering of the anatomy of the Kidney: Proximal
end of calyces
A: further divides into calyces: collection using from ducts (from nephrons)
, Q8: Locate & describe the Ureters
A: 1/kidney, retroperitoneal = drainage tube into bladder
has valves at bladder, to prevent back flow
lined w/ transitional epithelium (sig. stretch),
mucous lining > muscular mid-layer > outer layer
urine moves down towards bladder w. peristalsis
Q9: Locate & describe the Urinary Bladder
A: below parietal peritoneum, behind pubic symphasis
fxn: reservoir & expels urine (w. the help of urethra)
smooth, collapsible hollow organ
bladder wall = mostly sm. muscle, lined w/ rugae
superior surface will extend as a dome as it fills with urine
trigone: towards bottom of bladder, triangular sm. area w. lots of nerves.
• 3 openings at each angle: 2 from ureters & 1 for urethra
• innervated, senses when needing to void
Q10: Locate & describe the Urethra
A: = path to outside (floor of bladder to exterior of body)
mucos membrane lining, antibacterial protection & reduces friction
M: 20 cm
passes through centre of prostate gland
semen also passes through here
F: 3cm
more prone to infection due to short length
Q11: ID the fxnal unit of the Kidney
A: = nephron. process blood plasma & excretes urine
located in renal cortex
~ 1 million/kidney
2 parts
•Renal Corpuscle: filters blood
•Renal Tubule: processes the filtrate through reabsorption and secretion
urine collects & passes down the urine collecting duct > calyx > ureter
blood is fed through & then returned to circ. system after filtrate is removed
Q12: Locate & discuss the parts of the Nephron
A: RENAL CORPUSCLE: 2 parts: glomerulus & bowman's capsule
Glomerulus = network of capillaries, surrounded by bowman's capsule
thin, membranous walls, 1-cell thick
fenestrations (pores) present
Bowman's capsule = cup-shapes surrounding glomerulus
connective tissue
collects filtrate & delivers to tubules
RENAL TUBULES
