PSB 2000 - Exam 1 | UPDATED Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
Q1: Brain Diagram
A:
Q2: Central Dogma
A: DNA - RNA - Protein
Q3: Translation
A: RNA - Protein
Q4: Proteins
A: form part of the structure of the body, serve as enzymes, communication molecules
(neurotransmitters and hormones).
Q5: Polymorphism
A: Variation of a gene
Q6: Homozygous & Heterozygous
A: Hom: identical pair of genes on their matching chromosomes.
Het: gene is not the same on each chromosome.
Q7: Epigenetics
A: changes in gene expression without modification of the DNA sequence. Experiences
cause epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic changes make particular genes more or less
likely to be available fr transcription into RNA.
Q8: Santiago Ramon y Cajal
A: First to demonstrate that the individual cells comprising the nervous system are separate.
Q9: Neurons
, A: contain: dendrites, soma/cell body, axon, presynaptic terminals.
Q10: Soma
A: contains the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and other structures found in cells.
Q11: Axon
A: thin fiber of a neuron that transmits nerve impulses towards other neurons, organs, or
muscles.
Q12: Presynaptic terminals
A: end points of an axon where the release of chemicals to communicate with other
neurons occurs.
Q13: Dendrites
A: branching fibers with a surface lined with receptors responsible for bringing information
into the neuron.
Q14: Afferent Neuron
A: bringing information into the structure.
Q15: Efferent Neuron
A: carrying information away from structure.
Q16: Neuron to Neuron signals
A: Dendrites receive signal - if there's enough signals, current goes through soma - current
can trigger a signal at the base of the axon - signal travels down the axon to the axon
terminal - releases neurotransmitters in synaptic cleft - this are received by the dendrites
of another neuron - REPEAT
Q17: Glia
A: astrocyte: help synchronize the activity of the axon by wrapping around the presynaptic
terminal and taking up chemicals released by the axon.
microglia: remove waste material and other microorganisms that could harm the neuron.
Ogliodendrocytes and Schwann cells build the myelin sheath.
Q18: Action potential
A: the signal that travels down the axon. It's self propagating.
Q19: Resting Potential
A: membrane maintains electrical gradient by being selectively permeable.
The inside of the cell is MORE negative than the outside. Use ion channels to modify the
Verified Answers
Q1: Brain Diagram
A:
Q2: Central Dogma
A: DNA - RNA - Protein
Q3: Translation
A: RNA - Protein
Q4: Proteins
A: form part of the structure of the body, serve as enzymes, communication molecules
(neurotransmitters and hormones).
Q5: Polymorphism
A: Variation of a gene
Q6: Homozygous & Heterozygous
A: Hom: identical pair of genes on their matching chromosomes.
Het: gene is not the same on each chromosome.
Q7: Epigenetics
A: changes in gene expression without modification of the DNA sequence. Experiences
cause epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic changes make particular genes more or less
likely to be available fr transcription into RNA.
Q8: Santiago Ramon y Cajal
A: First to demonstrate that the individual cells comprising the nervous system are separate.
Q9: Neurons
, A: contain: dendrites, soma/cell body, axon, presynaptic terminals.
Q10: Soma
A: contains the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and other structures found in cells.
Q11: Axon
A: thin fiber of a neuron that transmits nerve impulses towards other neurons, organs, or
muscles.
Q12: Presynaptic terminals
A: end points of an axon where the release of chemicals to communicate with other
neurons occurs.
Q13: Dendrites
A: branching fibers with a surface lined with receptors responsible for bringing information
into the neuron.
Q14: Afferent Neuron
A: bringing information into the structure.
Q15: Efferent Neuron
A: carrying information away from structure.
Q16: Neuron to Neuron signals
A: Dendrites receive signal - if there's enough signals, current goes through soma - current
can trigger a signal at the base of the axon - signal travels down the axon to the axon
terminal - releases neurotransmitters in synaptic cleft - this are received by the dendrites
of another neuron - REPEAT
Q17: Glia
A: astrocyte: help synchronize the activity of the axon by wrapping around the presynaptic
terminal and taking up chemicals released by the axon.
microglia: remove waste material and other microorganisms that could harm the neuron.
Ogliodendrocytes and Schwann cells build the myelin sheath.
Q18: Action potential
A: the signal that travels down the axon. It's self propagating.
Q19: Resting Potential
A: membrane maintains electrical gradient by being selectively permeable.
The inside of the cell is MORE negative than the outside. Use ion channels to modify the
