CPN MIDTERM EXAM
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS | 2026–2027 UPDATE
(PDF)
1. A 2-year-old child is admitted with suspected Epiglottitis. Which nursing intervention is
strictly contraindicated?
A. Starting an intravenous line
B. Inspecting the throat with a tongue depressor
C. Administering humidified oxygen
D. Positioning the child upright
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Inspecting the throat with a tongue depressor can trigger
complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, a 4-year-old child is in which
stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Initiative vs. Guilt
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Preschool-age children (3-6 years) are in the stage of Initiative
vs. Guilt, where they develop a sense of purpose.
3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot experiences a ‘tet spell’. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administering intravenous morphine
B. Applying 100% oxygen via face mask
C. Placing the child in a knee-chest position
D. Preparing for immediate intubation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
reducing the right-to-left shunt and improving pulmonary blood flow.
4. Which clinical manifestation is a hallmark sign of Pyloric Stenosis in an infant?
A. Projectile, non-bilious vomiting
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Currant jelly-like stools
D. Persistent diarrhea
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis typically presents with projectile,
non-bilious vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass.
5. A child weighs 22 kg. Using the Holiday-Segar method, calculate the daily maintenance
fluid requirement.
A. 1200 mL
B. 1800 mL
C. 1650 mL
D. 1540 mL
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Calculation: 1000 mL (first 10kg) + 500 mL (next 10kg) + 40 mL
(2kg x 20mL) = 1540 mL.
6. In the care of a child with Cystic Fibrosis, which intervention is highest priority for
respiratory health?
A. Administration of pancreatic enzymes
B. High-calorie, high-protein diet
C. Chest physiotherapy (CPT) twice daily
D. Annual influenza vaccination
Answer: C
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS | 2026–2027 UPDATE
(PDF)
1. A 2-year-old child is admitted with suspected Epiglottitis. Which nursing intervention is
strictly contraindicated?
A. Starting an intravenous line
B. Inspecting the throat with a tongue depressor
C. Administering humidified oxygen
D. Positioning the child upright
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Inspecting the throat with a tongue depressor can trigger
complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, a 4-year-old child is in which
stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Initiative vs. Guilt
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Preschool-age children (3-6 years) are in the stage of Initiative
vs. Guilt, where they develop a sense of purpose.
3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot experiences a ‘tet spell’. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administering intravenous morphine
B. Applying 100% oxygen via face mask
C. Placing the child in a knee-chest position
D. Preparing for immediate intubation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
reducing the right-to-left shunt and improving pulmonary blood flow.
4. Which clinical manifestation is a hallmark sign of Pyloric Stenosis in an infant?
A. Projectile, non-bilious vomiting
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Currant jelly-like stools
D. Persistent diarrhea
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis typically presents with projectile,
non-bilious vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass.
5. A child weighs 22 kg. Using the Holiday-Segar method, calculate the daily maintenance
fluid requirement.
A. 1200 mL
B. 1800 mL
C. 1650 mL
D. 1540 mL
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Calculation: 1000 mL (first 10kg) + 500 mL (next 10kg) + 40 mL
(2kg x 20mL) = 1540 mL.
6. In the care of a child with Cystic Fibrosis, which intervention is highest priority for
respiratory health?
A. Administration of pancreatic enzymes
B. High-calorie, high-protein diet
C. Chest physiotherapy (CPT) twice daily
D. Annual influenza vaccination
Answer: C
