PSY 339 EXAM 2 QUIZ QUESTIONS UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Shaping is the reinforcement of successive _______.
a) responses
b) elements of a chain
c) approximations of a desired behavior
d)increases in the intensity or topography of a behavior
Answer:
approximations of a desired behavior
Question:
2. Parker is using shaping to train their dog to go lie down in his bed when the doorbell rings. Parker is
having some trouble. Which of the following pieces of advice might help Parker train their dog?
a) Reinforce large steps
b) Reinforce behavior immediately
c) Provide large reinforcers
d) Never back up
Answer:
Reinforce behavior immediately
Question:
3. Mil wants to teach his child, Sophie, to make her bed. First he teaches her to put pillowcases on the
pillows and place them on the made bed. Once she has mastered that, he teaches her to put the blanket
on the bed before putting the pillows on. Next he teaches her to put the sheets on the bed before the
blanket and the pillows. Mil has just taught Sophie to make the bed using __________.
a) shaping
b) forward chaining
c) backward chaining
d) insightful problem solving
Answer:
backward chaining
Question:
4. The classic experiments on insightful problem solving were done with chimpanzees by _________.
a) Harry Harlow
b) B.F. Skinner
c) Wolfgang Kohler
d) Richard Herrnstein
Answer:
Wolfgang Kohler
, Question:
5. Some studies show that offering rewards reduces creativity. Research by Robert Eisenberger and
others suggests that this is because in these studies, _______.
a) creativity was measured differently
b) the rewards that were provided were too weak
c) the rewards were not contingent on creative behavior
d) the participants were too young for creative behavior
Answer:
the rewards were not contingent on creative behavior
Question:
6. Superstitious behavior is behavior that occurs repeatedly despite the fact that it _______.
a) is strange
b) is not supported by facts
c) does not produce the reinforcers that maintain it
d) ultimately works to the disadvantage of the individual
Answer:
does not produce the reinforcers that maintain it
Question:
7. Skinner suggested that superstitious behavior arose from _______.
a) contingent reinforcement
b) coincidental reinforcement
c) insightful problem solving
d) negative reinforcement
Answer:
coincidental reinforcement
Question:
8. Studies of learned helplessness use a(n) _______.
a) reward procedure
b) escape procedure
c) positive punishment procedure
d) negative punishment procedure
Answer:
escape procedure
Question:
9. The opposite of learned helplessness is _______.
a) learned industriousness
b) learned immunization
c) natural consequences
d) superstitious behavior
Answer:
learned industriousness
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Shaping is the reinforcement of successive _______.
a) responses
b) elements of a chain
c) approximations of a desired behavior
d)increases in the intensity or topography of a behavior
Answer:
approximations of a desired behavior
Question:
2. Parker is using shaping to train their dog to go lie down in his bed when the doorbell rings. Parker is
having some trouble. Which of the following pieces of advice might help Parker train their dog?
a) Reinforce large steps
b) Reinforce behavior immediately
c) Provide large reinforcers
d) Never back up
Answer:
Reinforce behavior immediately
Question:
3. Mil wants to teach his child, Sophie, to make her bed. First he teaches her to put pillowcases on the
pillows and place them on the made bed. Once she has mastered that, he teaches her to put the blanket
on the bed before putting the pillows on. Next he teaches her to put the sheets on the bed before the
blanket and the pillows. Mil has just taught Sophie to make the bed using __________.
a) shaping
b) forward chaining
c) backward chaining
d) insightful problem solving
Answer:
backward chaining
Question:
4. The classic experiments on insightful problem solving were done with chimpanzees by _________.
a) Harry Harlow
b) B.F. Skinner
c) Wolfgang Kohler
d) Richard Herrnstein
Answer:
Wolfgang Kohler
, Question:
5. Some studies show that offering rewards reduces creativity. Research by Robert Eisenberger and
others suggests that this is because in these studies, _______.
a) creativity was measured differently
b) the rewards that were provided were too weak
c) the rewards were not contingent on creative behavior
d) the participants were too young for creative behavior
Answer:
the rewards were not contingent on creative behavior
Question:
6. Superstitious behavior is behavior that occurs repeatedly despite the fact that it _______.
a) is strange
b) is not supported by facts
c) does not produce the reinforcers that maintain it
d) ultimately works to the disadvantage of the individual
Answer:
does not produce the reinforcers that maintain it
Question:
7. Skinner suggested that superstitious behavior arose from _______.
a) contingent reinforcement
b) coincidental reinforcement
c) insightful problem solving
d) negative reinforcement
Answer:
coincidental reinforcement
Question:
8. Studies of learned helplessness use a(n) _______.
a) reward procedure
b) escape procedure
c) positive punishment procedure
d) negative punishment procedure
Answer:
escape procedure
Question:
9. The opposite of learned helplessness is _______.
a) learned industriousness
b) learned immunization
c) natural consequences
d) superstitious behavior
Answer:
learned industriousness
