NURSING PRACTICE — Care
of Healthy/At Risk Mother
and Child
Below is the complete Section 2 (Questions
1–100) in correct exam format, with the
question, answer and a rationale for each.
1. In conducting quality improvement, Nurse Mila
should look into which of the following as her basis,
EXCEPT:
A. Patient's complaint data
B. Patient's satisfaction survey
C. Incident reports
D. Patient's chart
Answer: D. Patient's chart
Rationale: Patient's chart is a clinical record used for
individual patient care, not a quality improvement basis.
Quality improvement uses aggregated data such as patient
complaints, satisfaction surveys, and incident reports to
identify systemic issues and improve care delivery.
2. The FIRST step in the Quality Improvement process
is which of the following?
A. Assess progress.
B. Examine the data.
C. Confirm the existence of the problem by gathering data.
D. Set goals.
Answer: C. Confirm the existence of the problem by
gathering data.
Rationale: The first step in the Quality Improvement
process is to confirm the existence of the problem by
gathering data. This establishes the need for improvement
and provides a baseline for measuring progress.
1
,3. The BEST quality improvement intervention that
Nurse Mila can do is which of the following?
A. Maintain ongoing informal communication with staff.
B. Analyze patients complaint record
C. Interview staff individually and in group
D. Recommend increase in salary of nursing staff.
Answer: C. Interview staff individually and in group
Rationale: Interviewing staff individually and in groups is
the best quality improvement intervention because it
provides direct feedback from frontline providers about
system issues and potential solutions. This participatory
approach engages staff in the improvement process.
4. Some of the nursing staff seemed to have a sense
of entitlement according to nursing department
leadership. They behaved as though they had
unlimited job security (because of the strength of the
nursing unions). Which of the following action is the
BEST?
A. Develop a documentation-and-tracking process for the
observations
B. Revise job descriptions and performance for all nursing
staff to include the new general care guideline and highlight
emotional support.
C. Continue to work on increasing staff accountability for
service behaviors.
D. Develop new evidence-based general care guidelines for
nurse-patient interactions.
Answer: B. Revise job descriptions and performance
for all nursing staff to include the new general care
guideline and highlight emotional support.
Rationale: Revising job descriptions and performance
expectations is the best action to address staff entitlement.
This establishes clear expectations and accountability for
service behaviors, linking performance to job requirements.
5. Which of the following requires quality
improvement? Select all that apply.
1.
Patient's fall/injury
2
, 2.
3.
Infection
4.
5.
Safety
6.
7.
Pressure ulcers
8.
A. 1, 2, & 4
B. 3 only
C. 1 & 4
D. 1, 2, 3, & 4
Answer: A. 1, 2, & 4
Rationale: Patient falls/injuries (1), infections (2), and
pressure ulcers (4) are specific adverse events that require
quality improvement. Safety (3) is a broader concept that
encompasses these events but is not itself a specific incident
requiring QI.
6. What are some of the general symptoms the
PRIMARY HIV infection? The nurse enumerated the
following. Which among these are CORRECT?
1.
Fatigue
2.
3.
Headache
4.
5.
Fever
6.
7.
Sore throat
8.
9.
Cough
10.
11.
Dyspnea
12.
3
, A. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
B. 1, 2, 4, 5,
C. 1, 2, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 4, 6
Answer: C. 1, 2, 3, 4
Rationale: Primary HIV infection (acute retroviral syndrome)
commonly presents with fatigue (1), headache (2), fever (3),
and sore throat (4). Cough (5) and dyspnea (6) are not
typical primary symptoms.
7. When can AIDS be manifested? The nurse answer
was. "It can be as early as
A. 1 year or as late as 2 years
B. 2 years or as late as 10 years
C. 1 year
D. 6 months
Answer: B. 2 years or as late as 10 years
Rationale: AIDS can be manifested as early as 2 years or as
late as 10 years after initial HIV infection. The progression
from HIV to AIDS varies among individuals.
8. Nurse Crissel also asked the participants if they got
to know the transmission of HIV based from her
lecture? Which is Not correct?
A. Accidental blood exposure
B. Kissing
C. Unprotected sex
D. Mother to child transmission
Answer: B. Kissing
Rationale: Kissing is not a mode of HIV transmission. HIV is
transmitted through accidental blood exposure, unprotected
sex, and mother-to-child transmission.
9. On the question as to which of the following are the
effects of AIDS on pregnancy, one teenager cited a
wrong answer which was _____.
4
of Healthy/At Risk Mother
and Child
Below is the complete Section 2 (Questions
1–100) in correct exam format, with the
question, answer and a rationale for each.
1. In conducting quality improvement, Nurse Mila
should look into which of the following as her basis,
EXCEPT:
A. Patient's complaint data
B. Patient's satisfaction survey
C. Incident reports
D. Patient's chart
Answer: D. Patient's chart
Rationale: Patient's chart is a clinical record used for
individual patient care, not a quality improvement basis.
Quality improvement uses aggregated data such as patient
complaints, satisfaction surveys, and incident reports to
identify systemic issues and improve care delivery.
2. The FIRST step in the Quality Improvement process
is which of the following?
A. Assess progress.
B. Examine the data.
C. Confirm the existence of the problem by gathering data.
D. Set goals.
Answer: C. Confirm the existence of the problem by
gathering data.
Rationale: The first step in the Quality Improvement
process is to confirm the existence of the problem by
gathering data. This establishes the need for improvement
and provides a baseline for measuring progress.
1
,3. The BEST quality improvement intervention that
Nurse Mila can do is which of the following?
A. Maintain ongoing informal communication with staff.
B. Analyze patients complaint record
C. Interview staff individually and in group
D. Recommend increase in salary of nursing staff.
Answer: C. Interview staff individually and in group
Rationale: Interviewing staff individually and in groups is
the best quality improvement intervention because it
provides direct feedback from frontline providers about
system issues and potential solutions. This participatory
approach engages staff in the improvement process.
4. Some of the nursing staff seemed to have a sense
of entitlement according to nursing department
leadership. They behaved as though they had
unlimited job security (because of the strength of the
nursing unions). Which of the following action is the
BEST?
A. Develop a documentation-and-tracking process for the
observations
B. Revise job descriptions and performance for all nursing
staff to include the new general care guideline and highlight
emotional support.
C. Continue to work on increasing staff accountability for
service behaviors.
D. Develop new evidence-based general care guidelines for
nurse-patient interactions.
Answer: B. Revise job descriptions and performance
for all nursing staff to include the new general care
guideline and highlight emotional support.
Rationale: Revising job descriptions and performance
expectations is the best action to address staff entitlement.
This establishes clear expectations and accountability for
service behaviors, linking performance to job requirements.
5. Which of the following requires quality
improvement? Select all that apply.
1.
Patient's fall/injury
2
, 2.
3.
Infection
4.
5.
Safety
6.
7.
Pressure ulcers
8.
A. 1, 2, & 4
B. 3 only
C. 1 & 4
D. 1, 2, 3, & 4
Answer: A. 1, 2, & 4
Rationale: Patient falls/injuries (1), infections (2), and
pressure ulcers (4) are specific adverse events that require
quality improvement. Safety (3) is a broader concept that
encompasses these events but is not itself a specific incident
requiring QI.
6. What are some of the general symptoms the
PRIMARY HIV infection? The nurse enumerated the
following. Which among these are CORRECT?
1.
Fatigue
2.
3.
Headache
4.
5.
Fever
6.
7.
Sore throat
8.
9.
Cough
10.
11.
Dyspnea
12.
3
, A. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
B. 1, 2, 4, 5,
C. 1, 2, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 4, 6
Answer: C. 1, 2, 3, 4
Rationale: Primary HIV infection (acute retroviral syndrome)
commonly presents with fatigue (1), headache (2), fever (3),
and sore throat (4). Cough (5) and dyspnea (6) are not
typical primary symptoms.
7. When can AIDS be manifested? The nurse answer
was. "It can be as early as
A. 1 year or as late as 2 years
B. 2 years or as late as 10 years
C. 1 year
D. 6 months
Answer: B. 2 years or as late as 10 years
Rationale: AIDS can be manifested as early as 2 years or as
late as 10 years after initial HIV infection. The progression
from HIV to AIDS varies among individuals.
8. Nurse Crissel also asked the participants if they got
to know the transmission of HIV based from her
lecture? Which is Not correct?
A. Accidental blood exposure
B. Kissing
C. Unprotected sex
D. Mother to child transmission
Answer: B. Kissing
Rationale: Kissing is not a mode of HIV transmission. HIV is
transmitted through accidental blood exposure, unprotected
sex, and mother-to-child transmission.
9. On the question as to which of the following are the
effects of AIDS on pregnancy, one teenager cited a
wrong answer which was _____.
4
