NURS_102: Fundamentals of Nursing (Taylor, 10th
Edition) Prep with Detailed Rationales
Course Code: NURS_102
Course Name: Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered
Care
Topic: Comprehensive Review & Person-Centered Care Frameworks
Academic Year: 2026/2027
Question 1
A nurse is implementing Blended Competencies during a complex patient
interaction. The nurse carefully analyzes the physiological mechanism behind a
patient's worsening gas exchange while simultaneously managing the infusion
pump settings safely. Which two specific blended nursing competencies is the
nurse executing in this scenario?
A. Cognitive and Technical competencies.
B. Interpersonal and Ethical competencies.
C. Cognitive and Interpersonal competencies.
D. Technical and Legal competencies.
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: According to Taylor's framework, cognitive competency
involves scientific rationale, critical thinking, and analyzing the "why" behind a
patient's physiological state. Technical competency involves the mastery of
clinical manual skills and equipment operations, such as programming an
intravenous infusion pump safely. Interpersonal competencies involve therapeutic
,communication, while ethical/legal competencies deal with professional
accountability and moral principles.
Question 2
The nurse is reviewing the architectural hierarchy of human needs to prioritize care
for an elderly individual presenting with acute malnutrition, severe social isolation,
and an intense fear of falling.
Based on the hierarchy illustrated above, which clinical nursing intervention must
the nurse implement first?
A. Schedule a family consultation to establish an integrated social support network.
B. Implement an ankle-foot orthotic splint and place a non-slip fall mat at the
bedside.
,C. Initiate a high-calorie, high-protein oral nutritional supplement protocol.
D. Provide a patient-controlled educational pamphlet regarding self-esteem coping
strategies.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Under Maslow's hierarchy of needs, basic physiological survival
needs (food, water, oxygen, elimination) form the base of the pyramid and must be
satisfied before higher-level needs like safety or belonging can be addressed.
Addressing acute malnutrition via nutritional supplements is a physiological
survival priority that overrides safety interventions (fall mats) and psychosocial
support (family networks).
Question 3
A nurse uses the QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses)
competencies to guide a quality improvement initiative on a medical-surgical floor.
The nurse actively searches out clinical research studies regarding the reduction of
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and incorporates these
findings into institutional bedside protocols. Which specific QSEN core
competency is exemplified by this action?
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP).
C. Informatics
D. Teamwork and Collaboration
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: The Evidence-Based Practice QSEN competency requires
integrating the best available current clinical research evidence with professional
nursing expertise and patient values to provide optimal, safe care. Patient-Centered
Care focuses on compassionate, respectful care tailored to patient choices.
Informatics involves using information and technology to manage care, and
Teamwork focuses on cross-disciplinary collaboration.
Question 4
A patient refuses a scheduled blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse
documents the refusal, ensures the patient understands the physiological risks of
, severe anemia, and notifies the primary provider without attempting to coerce or
judge the patient. Which ethical principle is the nurse actively preserving?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy.
D. Justice
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Autonomy is the moral and legal ethical principle that honors a
patient's right to self-determination, independent choice, and making decisions
regarding their own healthcare, even if those decisions conflict with the healthcare
team's recommendations. Beneficence is the duty to do good. Nonmaleficence is
the duty to avoid harm, and justice represents the equitable distribution of
resources.
Question 5
A nurse is evaluating the fluid balance of a patient tracking acute blood loss. The
nurse charts the following inputs and outputs: Oral Fluids: 450 mL, Intravenous
Crystalloids: 800 mL, Packed Red Blood Cells: 300 mL. The recorded outputs are:
Urine: 950 mL, Wound Drainage: 150 mL. What is the patient's calculated net
fluid balance?
A. +1550 mL
B. +450 mL.
C. -450 mL
D. +1100 mL
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: To determine the net balance, calculate total intake and subtract
total output. Total Intake = 450 mL (Oral) + 800 mL (IV) + 300 mL (Blood) =
1550 mL. Total Output = 950 mL (Urine) + 1550 mL - 1100 mL = +450 mL. A
positive balance indicates fluid retention or successful volume resuscitation.
Question 6
A nurse is reviewing the physiological phases of a fever (pyrexia) to optimize
patient care during an acute infectious cycle.
Edition) Prep with Detailed Rationales
Course Code: NURS_102
Course Name: Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered
Care
Topic: Comprehensive Review & Person-Centered Care Frameworks
Academic Year: 2026/2027
Question 1
A nurse is implementing Blended Competencies during a complex patient
interaction. The nurse carefully analyzes the physiological mechanism behind a
patient's worsening gas exchange while simultaneously managing the infusion
pump settings safely. Which two specific blended nursing competencies is the
nurse executing in this scenario?
A. Cognitive and Technical competencies.
B. Interpersonal and Ethical competencies.
C. Cognitive and Interpersonal competencies.
D. Technical and Legal competencies.
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: According to Taylor's framework, cognitive competency
involves scientific rationale, critical thinking, and analyzing the "why" behind a
patient's physiological state. Technical competency involves the mastery of
clinical manual skills and equipment operations, such as programming an
intravenous infusion pump safely. Interpersonal competencies involve therapeutic
,communication, while ethical/legal competencies deal with professional
accountability and moral principles.
Question 2
The nurse is reviewing the architectural hierarchy of human needs to prioritize care
for an elderly individual presenting with acute malnutrition, severe social isolation,
and an intense fear of falling.
Based on the hierarchy illustrated above, which clinical nursing intervention must
the nurse implement first?
A. Schedule a family consultation to establish an integrated social support network.
B. Implement an ankle-foot orthotic splint and place a non-slip fall mat at the
bedside.
,C. Initiate a high-calorie, high-protein oral nutritional supplement protocol.
D. Provide a patient-controlled educational pamphlet regarding self-esteem coping
strategies.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Under Maslow's hierarchy of needs, basic physiological survival
needs (food, water, oxygen, elimination) form the base of the pyramid and must be
satisfied before higher-level needs like safety or belonging can be addressed.
Addressing acute malnutrition via nutritional supplements is a physiological
survival priority that overrides safety interventions (fall mats) and psychosocial
support (family networks).
Question 3
A nurse uses the QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses)
competencies to guide a quality improvement initiative on a medical-surgical floor.
The nurse actively searches out clinical research studies regarding the reduction of
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and incorporates these
findings into institutional bedside protocols. Which specific QSEN core
competency is exemplified by this action?
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP).
C. Informatics
D. Teamwork and Collaboration
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: The Evidence-Based Practice QSEN competency requires
integrating the best available current clinical research evidence with professional
nursing expertise and patient values to provide optimal, safe care. Patient-Centered
Care focuses on compassionate, respectful care tailored to patient choices.
Informatics involves using information and technology to manage care, and
Teamwork focuses on cross-disciplinary collaboration.
Question 4
A patient refuses a scheduled blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse
documents the refusal, ensures the patient understands the physiological risks of
, severe anemia, and notifies the primary provider without attempting to coerce or
judge the patient. Which ethical principle is the nurse actively preserving?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy.
D. Justice
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Autonomy is the moral and legal ethical principle that honors a
patient's right to self-determination, independent choice, and making decisions
regarding their own healthcare, even if those decisions conflict with the healthcare
team's recommendations. Beneficence is the duty to do good. Nonmaleficence is
the duty to avoid harm, and justice represents the equitable distribution of
resources.
Question 5
A nurse is evaluating the fluid balance of a patient tracking acute blood loss. The
nurse charts the following inputs and outputs: Oral Fluids: 450 mL, Intravenous
Crystalloids: 800 mL, Packed Red Blood Cells: 300 mL. The recorded outputs are:
Urine: 950 mL, Wound Drainage: 150 mL. What is the patient's calculated net
fluid balance?
A. +1550 mL
B. +450 mL.
C. -450 mL
D. +1100 mL
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: To determine the net balance, calculate total intake and subtract
total output. Total Intake = 450 mL (Oral) + 800 mL (IV) + 300 mL (Blood) =
1550 mL. Total Output = 950 mL (Urine) + 1550 mL - 1100 mL = +450 mL. A
positive balance indicates fluid retention or successful volume resuscitation.
Question 6
A nurse is reviewing the physiological phases of a fever (pyrexia) to optimize
patient care during an acute infectious cycle.
