NURSING PRACTICE —
Community Health Nursing
Below is the complete Section 1 (Questions 1–100) in
correct exam format, with the question, answer and a
rationale for each.
1. Which of the following are the four chronic disease
referred to by WHO?
1.
Cardiovascular Disease
2.
3.
Cancer
4.
5.
Dementia
6.
7.
Arthritis
8.
9.
Diabetes Mellitus
10.
11.
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
12.
A. 1,2,3 and 4
B. 1,2,5 and 6
C. 2,3,4 and 5
D. 2,4,5 and 6
Answer: B. 1,2,5 and 6
1
,Rationale: The World Health Organization identifies the four main
chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes
mellitus, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Dementia and
arthritis are not among the four primary chronic diseases referred to
by WHO.
2. The WHO reveals that the NUMBER ONE cause of death
from chronic diseases worldwide, using the 2015 estimate,
is
A. Tuberculosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Ischemic Heart Disease
D. Pneumonia
Answer: C. Ischemic Heart Disease
Rationale: According to WHO 2015 estimates, ischemic heart
disease is the leading cause of death from chronic diseases
worldwide. Tuberculosis and pneumonia are infectious diseases, not
chronic diseases.
3. In the Philippines, which is the TOP Killer according to the
Department of Health (2009 data)?
A. Asthma
B. Cancer
C. Tuberculosis
D. Cardiovascular Diseases
Answer: D. Cardiovascular Diseases
Rationale: According to the Department of Health (2009 data),
cardiovascular diseases are the top killer in the Philippines. This is
consistent with global trends where cardiovascular diseases are the
leading cause of mortality.
4. When studying chronic diseases, the multifactorial
etiology of illness is considered. What does this imply?
A. Single organism that causes the disease, such as cholera, must
be studied in more detail.
B. Focus should be on the factors or combinations and levels of
factors contributing to disease.
C. The rise in infectious and communicable disease must be the
2
, main focus.
D. Genetics and molecular structure of disease is paramount.
Answer: B. Focus should be on the factors or combinations
and levels of factors contributing to disease.
Rationale: Multifactorial etiology means that chronic diseases
result from multiple interacting factors rather than a single cause.
The focus should be on understanding the combinations and levels
of various factors (genetic, environmental, behavioral) that
contribute to disease development.
5. Determinants of health to address the development of
cancer in a community include:
1.
Proximity of the community to chemical plants that emit poisonous
gases.
2.
3.
High percentage of tobacco use among the residents.
4.
5.
Prevailing diet high in processed food and fat.
6.
7.
Availability of the health facilities.
8.
9.
Men age of women population.
10.
A. 3,4 and 5
B. 1,2 and 3
C. 1,3 and 4
D. 2,4 and 5
Answer: B. 1,2 and 3
Rationale: Determinants of health for cancer development include
environmental exposures (proximity to chemical plants), behavioral
3
, factors (tobacco use), and dietary factors (high processed food and
fat intake). Availability of health facilities is a health system factor,
not a direct determinant of cancer development. Mean age of
women population is a demographic characteristic, not a modifiable
determinant.
6. Your co-worker got a thank you card from a patient's
family with an accompanying photo of her with the family.
She asked you if it would be alright to post the post on
facebook. Which would be your BEST response?
A. "I think that would be okay, but you should ask permission from
our head."
B. "Yes, as long as you ask the family if that would be okay."
C. "No, that could lead to a malpractice suit by the patient or
family."
D. "No, posting pictures of patients and families on social media is
not acceptable."
Answer: B. "Yes, as long as you ask the family if that would
be okay."
Rationale: The best response is to advise asking permission from
the family before posting. Patient privacy and confidentiality must
be respected, and obtaining consent from the patient/family is
essential before sharing any information or images on social media.
While posting patient photos without consent is unacceptable, with
proper consent, it may be permissible.
7. Identify which action is acceptable as an exception to a
nurse's obligation regarding confidentiality:
A. Leaving printouts of lab reports on the desk in the physicians'
lounge
B. Discussing a patient's care with someone who is not involved in
patient care
C. Discussing a patient's condition in a public place as long as his
name is not mentioned
D. Reporting certain disease to public health authority
Answer: D. Reporting certain disease to public health
authority
Rationale: Reporting notifiable diseases to public health authorities
is a legal and ethical exception to confidentiality. This is required by
law for disease surveillance and protection of public health. The
other options are all violations of patient confidentiality.
4
Community Health Nursing
Below is the complete Section 1 (Questions 1–100) in
correct exam format, with the question, answer and a
rationale for each.
1. Which of the following are the four chronic disease
referred to by WHO?
1.
Cardiovascular Disease
2.
3.
Cancer
4.
5.
Dementia
6.
7.
Arthritis
8.
9.
Diabetes Mellitus
10.
11.
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
12.
A. 1,2,3 and 4
B. 1,2,5 and 6
C. 2,3,4 and 5
D. 2,4,5 and 6
Answer: B. 1,2,5 and 6
1
,Rationale: The World Health Organization identifies the four main
chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes
mellitus, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Dementia and
arthritis are not among the four primary chronic diseases referred to
by WHO.
2. The WHO reveals that the NUMBER ONE cause of death
from chronic diseases worldwide, using the 2015 estimate,
is
A. Tuberculosis
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Ischemic Heart Disease
D. Pneumonia
Answer: C. Ischemic Heart Disease
Rationale: According to WHO 2015 estimates, ischemic heart
disease is the leading cause of death from chronic diseases
worldwide. Tuberculosis and pneumonia are infectious diseases, not
chronic diseases.
3. In the Philippines, which is the TOP Killer according to the
Department of Health (2009 data)?
A. Asthma
B. Cancer
C. Tuberculosis
D. Cardiovascular Diseases
Answer: D. Cardiovascular Diseases
Rationale: According to the Department of Health (2009 data),
cardiovascular diseases are the top killer in the Philippines. This is
consistent with global trends where cardiovascular diseases are the
leading cause of mortality.
4. When studying chronic diseases, the multifactorial
etiology of illness is considered. What does this imply?
A. Single organism that causes the disease, such as cholera, must
be studied in more detail.
B. Focus should be on the factors or combinations and levels of
factors contributing to disease.
C. The rise in infectious and communicable disease must be the
2
, main focus.
D. Genetics and molecular structure of disease is paramount.
Answer: B. Focus should be on the factors or combinations
and levels of factors contributing to disease.
Rationale: Multifactorial etiology means that chronic diseases
result from multiple interacting factors rather than a single cause.
The focus should be on understanding the combinations and levels
of various factors (genetic, environmental, behavioral) that
contribute to disease development.
5. Determinants of health to address the development of
cancer in a community include:
1.
Proximity of the community to chemical plants that emit poisonous
gases.
2.
3.
High percentage of tobacco use among the residents.
4.
5.
Prevailing diet high in processed food and fat.
6.
7.
Availability of the health facilities.
8.
9.
Men age of women population.
10.
A. 3,4 and 5
B. 1,2 and 3
C. 1,3 and 4
D. 2,4 and 5
Answer: B. 1,2 and 3
Rationale: Determinants of health for cancer development include
environmental exposures (proximity to chemical plants), behavioral
3
, factors (tobacco use), and dietary factors (high processed food and
fat intake). Availability of health facilities is a health system factor,
not a direct determinant of cancer development. Mean age of
women population is a demographic characteristic, not a modifiable
determinant.
6. Your co-worker got a thank you card from a patient's
family with an accompanying photo of her with the family.
She asked you if it would be alright to post the post on
facebook. Which would be your BEST response?
A. "I think that would be okay, but you should ask permission from
our head."
B. "Yes, as long as you ask the family if that would be okay."
C. "No, that could lead to a malpractice suit by the patient or
family."
D. "No, posting pictures of patients and families on social media is
not acceptable."
Answer: B. "Yes, as long as you ask the family if that would
be okay."
Rationale: The best response is to advise asking permission from
the family before posting. Patient privacy and confidentiality must
be respected, and obtaining consent from the patient/family is
essential before sharing any information or images on social media.
While posting patient photos without consent is unacceptable, with
proper consent, it may be permissible.
7. Identify which action is acceptable as an exception to a
nurse's obligation regarding confidentiality:
A. Leaving printouts of lab reports on the desk in the physicians'
lounge
B. Discussing a patient's care with someone who is not involved in
patient care
C. Discussing a patient's condition in a public place as long as his
name is not mentioned
D. Reporting certain disease to public health authority
Answer: D. Reporting certain disease to public health
authority
Rationale: Reporting notifiable diseases to public health authorities
is a legal and ethical exception to confidentiality. This is required by
law for disease surveillance and protection of public health. The
other options are all violations of patient confidentiality.
4
