WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY SECTION 1: CELLULAR RESPONSE 2026/2027 |
COMPLETE EXAM PREP | HIGH-YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS| COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. What is the genetic cause of Down syndrome?
Monosomy X
Trisomy 21
Trisomy 18
Deletion of chromosome 5
2. What is Turner's syndrome?
A condition that leads to dementia
A genetic mutation that can cause a female fetus to be exposed to
adrenal androgens
A condition on the X chromosome that causes a female to have
underdeveloped ovaries
A neurodegenerative disease that is caused by repeated head injuries
3. What is a common symptom of Tay-Sachs Disease observed in infants?
Loss of motor skills
Enhanced reflexes
Improved vision
Increased appetite
4. Atrophy can be defined as ____________________ of cells and ______________in
function in response to normal or injurious factors.
shrinkage; decrease
, enlargement; increase
shrinkage; increase
enlargement; decrease
5. Which of the following statements about genomics is true?
All insects have the same size genome.
Humans have about 25,000 genes but make over 100,000 different
proteins because of gene splicing.
Humans have the largest genome of all of the 3,800 species that have
been sequenced so far.
Organisms that have the most genes also have the largest genomes.
The number of genes is exactly the same as the number of proteins
produced by an organism.
6. Down syndrome is often the result of:
nondisjunction
duplication
deletion
inversion
7. Which effect does alcohol consumption have during pregnancy on the
development of the brain?
It decreases brain volume.
It decreases the volume of the occipital lobe, but the overall volume
of the brain is unchanged.
, It increases the volume of the frontal lobe, but the overall volume of
the brain is unchanged.
It increases the proliferation of neuronal cells.
8. Marfan Syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that results in changes of
the skeletal, eyes, and cardiovascular system. What is Marfan Syndrome's
inheritance pattern and what gene does it affect?
X linked recessive, FBN1
X linked Dominant, COL1A1D
Mitochondrial, FBN1
Autosomal Dominant, FBN1
Autosomal Recessive, COL1A1
9. What is the probability that a son will inherit hemophilia from a carrier
mother?
100%
50%
25%
75%
10. Describe the relationship between genotype and phenotype in the context
of genetic inheritance.
The genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, while the
phenotype is the observable expression of that genotype.
The genotype is only relevant in offspring, while the phenotype
applies to parents.
The genotype and phenotype are interchangeable terms in genetics.
COMPLETE EXAM PREP | HIGH-YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS| COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. What is the genetic cause of Down syndrome?
Monosomy X
Trisomy 21
Trisomy 18
Deletion of chromosome 5
2. What is Turner's syndrome?
A condition that leads to dementia
A genetic mutation that can cause a female fetus to be exposed to
adrenal androgens
A condition on the X chromosome that causes a female to have
underdeveloped ovaries
A neurodegenerative disease that is caused by repeated head injuries
3. What is a common symptom of Tay-Sachs Disease observed in infants?
Loss of motor skills
Enhanced reflexes
Improved vision
Increased appetite
4. Atrophy can be defined as ____________________ of cells and ______________in
function in response to normal or injurious factors.
shrinkage; decrease
, enlargement; increase
shrinkage; increase
enlargement; decrease
5. Which of the following statements about genomics is true?
All insects have the same size genome.
Humans have about 25,000 genes but make over 100,000 different
proteins because of gene splicing.
Humans have the largest genome of all of the 3,800 species that have
been sequenced so far.
Organisms that have the most genes also have the largest genomes.
The number of genes is exactly the same as the number of proteins
produced by an organism.
6. Down syndrome is often the result of:
nondisjunction
duplication
deletion
inversion
7. Which effect does alcohol consumption have during pregnancy on the
development of the brain?
It decreases brain volume.
It decreases the volume of the occipital lobe, but the overall volume
of the brain is unchanged.
, It increases the volume of the frontal lobe, but the overall volume of
the brain is unchanged.
It increases the proliferation of neuronal cells.
8. Marfan Syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that results in changes of
the skeletal, eyes, and cardiovascular system. What is Marfan Syndrome's
inheritance pattern and what gene does it affect?
X linked recessive, FBN1
X linked Dominant, COL1A1D
Mitochondrial, FBN1
Autosomal Dominant, FBN1
Autosomal Recessive, COL1A1
9. What is the probability that a son will inherit hemophilia from a carrier
mother?
100%
50%
25%
75%
10. Describe the relationship between genotype and phenotype in the context
of genetic inheritance.
The genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, while the
phenotype is the observable expression of that genotype.
The genotype is only relevant in offspring, while the phenotype
applies to parents.
The genotype and phenotype are interchangeable terms in genetics.
