GENETICS EXAM 1 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of
the same species as well as among different species
Answer: Genetic variation
◉ Gene
Answer: "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way it
affects the traits or characteristics of an organism
◉ How many genes are there?
Answer: Around 30,000-35,000
◉ How much of the genome is coded for?
Answer: less than 5 %
◉ What is the largest cellular molecule in humans?
Answer: DNA
◉ Categories of larger cellular molecules:
,Answer: Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), Proteins, Carbohydrates and
lipids
◉ Proteome
Answer: All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
◉ Constitutive Gene
Answer: Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed continually;
different types
◉ Housekeeping Gene
Answer: Ongoing business; histones; continually made; can control
(turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
◉ Inducible
Answer: Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins on a
continual basis
◉ Genetic Code
Answer: DNA sequences within most genes contain the information
to direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
◉ Which codon is the least conserved?
,Answer: Last
◉ Does every gene code for a protein?
Answer: NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
◉ When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following
the initial cross is identified by which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation
Answer: F2 generation
◉ A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a
true-breeding line of yellow pod plants. All of their offspring have
green pods. From this information, it can be stated that the green
color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
, d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct
Answer: dominant
◉ When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a
single trait, what was the phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait
Answer: 3:1
◉ An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be
_____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant
Answer: homozygous
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of
the same species as well as among different species
Answer: Genetic variation
◉ Gene
Answer: "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way it
affects the traits or characteristics of an organism
◉ How many genes are there?
Answer: Around 30,000-35,000
◉ How much of the genome is coded for?
Answer: less than 5 %
◉ What is the largest cellular molecule in humans?
Answer: DNA
◉ Categories of larger cellular molecules:
,Answer: Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), Proteins, Carbohydrates and
lipids
◉ Proteome
Answer: All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
◉ Constitutive Gene
Answer: Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed continually;
different types
◉ Housekeeping Gene
Answer: Ongoing business; histones; continually made; can control
(turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
◉ Inducible
Answer: Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins on a
continual basis
◉ Genetic Code
Answer: DNA sequences within most genes contain the information
to direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
◉ Which codon is the least conserved?
,Answer: Last
◉ Does every gene code for a protein?
Answer: NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
◉ When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following
the initial cross is identified by which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation
Answer: F2 generation
◉ A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a
true-breeding line of yellow pod plants. All of their offspring have
green pods. From this information, it can be stated that the green
color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
, d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct
Answer: dominant
◉ When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a
single trait, what was the phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait
Answer: 3:1
◉ An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be
_____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant
Answer: homozygous
