MAKO PKA EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED ANSWERS 2026/2027
internal/external parameters medial femur - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters medial femur - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
3 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters medial femur - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS0- 1.5 degrees varus
posterior slope parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS3-7 degrees
internal/external parameters PF - ANSWERS4 degrees internal
0 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters PF - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
2 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters PF - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
3 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters lateral tibia - ANSWERS10 degrees internal
5 degrees external
valgus parameters lateral tibia - ANSWERS0 -1.5 degrees valgus
posterior slope lateral tibia - ANSWERS0-7 degrees posterior slope
, transverse view rotation - ANSWERSinternal/ external
coronal view rotation - ANSWERSvarus/valgus
sagittal view rotation tibia - ANSWERSposterior slope
sagittal view rotation femur/pf - ANSWERSflexion/extension
CT landmarks - ANSWERShip center
medial epicondyle
lateral epicondyle
femur knee center
medial malleolus
lateral malleolus
rotational landmark
tibia knee center
Hip center landmark - ANSWERScenter of femoral head, best in coronal
established the proximal end of the mechanical axis of the femur
medial epicondyle landmark - ANSWERSmedial sulcus, best in transverse view
this and the lateral epicondyle create the sTEA
lateral epicondyle landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent lateral point, best in transverse
view
this with the medial epicondyle create sTEA
femur knee center landmark - ANSWERSplace in center of butterfly in transverse view
this creates the distal end of the mechanical axis of the femur
medial malleolus landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent point medially, best in coronal
this+ hip center + lateral malleolus create mechanical axis of the leg
lateral malleolus landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent point laterally, coronal view
this + hip center + medial malleolus create mechanical axis of the leg
rotational landmark - ANSWERSin transverse view:
find PCL footprint and place blue dot here
scroll until you see tubercle
adjust top arrow so it is to the medial third of the tubercle
this gives you the a/p m/l axis of tibia
tibia knee center - ANSWERScoronal view- top center point
gives you proximal end of tibia mechanical axis
DETAILED ANSWERS 2026/2027
internal/external parameters medial femur - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters medial femur - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
3 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters medial femur - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS0- 1.5 degrees varus
posterior slope parameters medial tibia - ANSWERS3-7 degrees
internal/external parameters PF - ANSWERS4 degrees internal
0 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters PF - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
2 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters PF - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS5 degrees internal
5 degrees external
varus/valgus parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS3 degrees varus
3 degrees valgus
flexion/extension parameters lateral femur - ANSWERS5 degrees flexion
5 degrees extension
internal/external parameters lateral tibia - ANSWERS10 degrees internal
5 degrees external
valgus parameters lateral tibia - ANSWERS0 -1.5 degrees valgus
posterior slope lateral tibia - ANSWERS0-7 degrees posterior slope
, transverse view rotation - ANSWERSinternal/ external
coronal view rotation - ANSWERSvarus/valgus
sagittal view rotation tibia - ANSWERSposterior slope
sagittal view rotation femur/pf - ANSWERSflexion/extension
CT landmarks - ANSWERShip center
medial epicondyle
lateral epicondyle
femur knee center
medial malleolus
lateral malleolus
rotational landmark
tibia knee center
Hip center landmark - ANSWERScenter of femoral head, best in coronal
established the proximal end of the mechanical axis of the femur
medial epicondyle landmark - ANSWERSmedial sulcus, best in transverse view
this and the lateral epicondyle create the sTEA
lateral epicondyle landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent lateral point, best in transverse
view
this with the medial epicondyle create sTEA
femur knee center landmark - ANSWERSplace in center of butterfly in transverse view
this creates the distal end of the mechanical axis of the femur
medial malleolus landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent point medially, best in coronal
this+ hip center + lateral malleolus create mechanical axis of the leg
lateral malleolus landmark - ANSWERSmost prominent point laterally, coronal view
this + hip center + medial malleolus create mechanical axis of the leg
rotational landmark - ANSWERSin transverse view:
find PCL footprint and place blue dot here
scroll until you see tubercle
adjust top arrow so it is to the medial third of the tubercle
this gives you the a/p m/l axis of tibia
tibia knee center - ANSWERScoronal view- top center point
gives you proximal end of tibia mechanical axis
