NSG 530 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE FULLY SOLVED
EDITION WITH TESTED
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
Homeostasis .
Answer: Dynamic equilibrium, negative feedback reverses deviation. Positive
feedback amplifies.
Example: fever reduction
Question 2.
Determinant of normal .
Answer: Affected by age sex, genetic environment in circadian rhythm.
Example heart rate higher than adult heart rate
Question 3.
Transport mechanisms .
Answer: Diffusion, facilitated, diffusion, osmosis, active transport,
endocytosis, exocytosis
Question 4.
Diffusion .
Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration
Example oxygen exchange in lungs
Question 5.
Facilitated diffusion .
Answer: No energy required High to low concentration via carrier
Example: Glucose uptake in muscles and adipose tissue (insulin makes this
process faster)
Question 6.
Osmosis .
Answer: No energy required
Water moves towards high solute areas until equilibrium is reached
Example hyponatremia water shift (causes swelling)
, Question 7.
Osmotic pressure .
Answer: Minimal pressure needed to prevent flow across semipermeable
membrane
Question 8.
Hydrostatic pressure .
Answer: Pressure exerted by fluid due to gravity, drives fluid into tissues
Counteract colloid osmotic pressure
Question 9.
Colloid osmotic pressure .
Answer: Pulls water from interstitial space into intravascular space
Counteract hydrostatic pressure
• Active transport . Answer: Movement from low to high concentration
Require energy: ATP
Example sodium potassium pump - fails during hypoxia because oxygen is
required to make ATP
Question 10.
Endocytosis .
Answer: Bring substance into a cell that are too large to enter by other
mechanism
Energy required
LDL uptake - receptor-mediated
Question 11.
Exocytosis .
Answer: Energy required
Movement of substance out of cell
Example: neurotransmitter release - calcium dependent because they are
transporters
Question 12.
Active transport is affected by______ .
Answer: Hypoxia Hypoxia reduces ATP production, which is essential for
sodium potassium pumps, calcium pumps and proton pump
EDITION WITH TESTED
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
Homeostasis .
Answer: Dynamic equilibrium, negative feedback reverses deviation. Positive
feedback amplifies.
Example: fever reduction
Question 2.
Determinant of normal .
Answer: Affected by age sex, genetic environment in circadian rhythm.
Example heart rate higher than adult heart rate
Question 3.
Transport mechanisms .
Answer: Diffusion, facilitated, diffusion, osmosis, active transport,
endocytosis, exocytosis
Question 4.
Diffusion .
Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration
Example oxygen exchange in lungs
Question 5.
Facilitated diffusion .
Answer: No energy required High to low concentration via carrier
Example: Glucose uptake in muscles and adipose tissue (insulin makes this
process faster)
Question 6.
Osmosis .
Answer: No energy required
Water moves towards high solute areas until equilibrium is reached
Example hyponatremia water shift (causes swelling)
, Question 7.
Osmotic pressure .
Answer: Minimal pressure needed to prevent flow across semipermeable
membrane
Question 8.
Hydrostatic pressure .
Answer: Pressure exerted by fluid due to gravity, drives fluid into tissues
Counteract colloid osmotic pressure
Question 9.
Colloid osmotic pressure .
Answer: Pulls water from interstitial space into intravascular space
Counteract hydrostatic pressure
• Active transport . Answer: Movement from low to high concentration
Require energy: ATP
Example sodium potassium pump - fails during hypoxia because oxygen is
required to make ATP
Question 10.
Endocytosis .
Answer: Bring substance into a cell that are too large to enter by other
mechanism
Energy required
LDL uptake - receptor-mediated
Question 11.
Exocytosis .
Answer: Energy required
Movement of substance out of cell
Example: neurotransmitter release - calcium dependent because they are
transporters
Question 12.
Active transport is affected by______ .
Answer: Hypoxia Hypoxia reduces ATP production, which is essential for
sodium potassium pumps, calcium pumps and proton pump
