NSG 530 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
Homeostasis
Correct Answer: Dynamic equilibrium, negative feedback reverses deviation.
Positive feedback amplifies. Example: fever reduction
Question 2.
Determinant of normal
Correct Answer: Affected by age sex, genetic environment in circadian
rhythm. Example heart rate higher than adult heart rate
Question 3.
Transport mechanisms
Correct Answer: Diffusion, facilitated, diffusion, osmosis, active transport,
endocytosis, exocytosis
Question 4.
Diffusion
Correct Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration
Example oxygen exchange in lungs
Question 5.
Facilitated diffusion
Correct Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration via carrier
Example: Glucose uptake in muscles and adipose tissue (insulin makes this
process faster)
Question 6.
Osmosis
Correct Answer: No energy required
Water moves towards high solute areas until equilibrium is reached
Example hyponatremia water shift (causes swelling)
• Osmotic pressure -✓✓Minimal pressure needed to prevent flow across
semipermeable membrane
, Question 7.
Hydrostatic pressure
Correct Answer: Pressure exerted by fluid due to gravity, drives fluid into
tissues
Counteract colloid osmotic pressure
Question 8.
Colloid osmotic pressure
Correct Answer: Pulls water from interstitial space into intravascular space
Counteract hydrostatic pressure
Question 9.
Active transport
Correct Answer: Movement from low to high concentration
Require energy: ATP
Example sodium potassium pump - fails during hypoxia because oxygen is
required to make ATP
Question 10.
Endocytosis
Correct Answer: Bring substance into a cell that are too large to enter by other
mechanism
Energy required
LDL uptake - receptor-mediated
Question 11.
Exocytosis
Correct Answer: Energy required
Movement of substance out of cell
Example: neurotransmitter release - calcium dependent because they are
transporters
Question 12.
Active transport is affected by______
Correct Answer: Hypoxia Hypoxia reduces ATP production, which is essential
for sodium potassium pumps, calcium pumps and proton pump
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
Homeostasis
Correct Answer: Dynamic equilibrium, negative feedback reverses deviation.
Positive feedback amplifies. Example: fever reduction
Question 2.
Determinant of normal
Correct Answer: Affected by age sex, genetic environment in circadian
rhythm. Example heart rate higher than adult heart rate
Question 3.
Transport mechanisms
Correct Answer: Diffusion, facilitated, diffusion, osmosis, active transport,
endocytosis, exocytosis
Question 4.
Diffusion
Correct Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration
Example oxygen exchange in lungs
Question 5.
Facilitated diffusion
Correct Answer: No energy required
High to low concentration via carrier
Example: Glucose uptake in muscles and adipose tissue (insulin makes this
process faster)
Question 6.
Osmosis
Correct Answer: No energy required
Water moves towards high solute areas until equilibrium is reached
Example hyponatremia water shift (causes swelling)
• Osmotic pressure -✓✓Minimal pressure needed to prevent flow across
semipermeable membrane
, Question 7.
Hydrostatic pressure
Correct Answer: Pressure exerted by fluid due to gravity, drives fluid into
tissues
Counteract colloid osmotic pressure
Question 8.
Colloid osmotic pressure
Correct Answer: Pulls water from interstitial space into intravascular space
Counteract hydrostatic pressure
Question 9.
Active transport
Correct Answer: Movement from low to high concentration
Require energy: ATP
Example sodium potassium pump - fails during hypoxia because oxygen is
required to make ATP
Question 10.
Endocytosis
Correct Answer: Bring substance into a cell that are too large to enter by other
mechanism
Energy required
LDL uptake - receptor-mediated
Question 11.
Exocytosis
Correct Answer: Energy required
Movement of substance out of cell
Example: neurotransmitter release - calcium dependent because they are
transporters
Question 12.
Active transport is affected by______
Correct Answer: Hypoxia Hypoxia reduces ATP production, which is essential
for sodium potassium pumps, calcium pumps and proton pump
