NSG 316 EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. Abductive reasoning
is thinking to determine the best explanation with the information at hand
2. Inductive reasoning
you will use signs and symptoms as a guide. Using logical reasoning, you will be able to gather the
information necessary and use your previous knowledge to effectively care for patients.
3. ankle brachial index (ABI)
screening measure for peripheral artery disease.
4. 4 types of pt data: Complete (Total Health) Database aka comprehensive assessment
complete health history + full physical (head to toe assessment) Used for new admissions, baseline
assessments, PRIMARY CARE
5. 4 types of data: Focused or Problem-Centered
limited or short-term problem. Targeted to specific complaint or system
6. 4 TYPES OF DATA: emergency database
rapid collection of crucial info and often is compiled with lifesaving measures Urgent care/ ER
7. 4 types of data: follow-up database
Reassessing identified problems. What change has occurred? Is the problem getting better or worse?
Which coping strategies are used? Usually at next Dr. visit
8. primary lesions
immediate result of a specific causative factor; develop on previously unaltered skin Freckles,moles,
patches, mosquito bite, chickenpox
9. secondary lesions
When primary lesion changes overtime because of scratching or infection Scars, ulcers, bullae, pustule
10. Pressure injuries stage 1
•Non-blanchable erythema Skin is intact but reddened and does not blanch (turn light with fingertip
pressure) •Light skin appears pink or reddened •Dark skin appears darker and also does not blanch
11. Pressure injury stage 2
skin loss (partial-thickness); may see a blister or shallow reddish-pink ulcer; the blister may be intact or
open
12. Pressure injury stage 3
skin loss (full-thickness); skin gone; may see subcutaneous fat; slough (dead soft tissue, often moist and
varies in color - white, yellow, green, or tan) may be present; could be attached or stringy loose
13. Pressure injury stage 4
full-thickness skin and tissue loss with muscle, tendon, and bone exposure; slough and eschar (thick,
leathery dead tissue that may be loose or attached to skin); often black or brown
1
, 14. On assessing your patient's sacral pressure injury you note that the tissue over the sacrum is dark
hard and adherent to the wound edge which stage would be applied to this patient's pressure injury?
A. Stage 2 B. Stage 4 C. Unstageable D. Suspected deep tissue damage
C. Unstageable- the assessed pressure injury was covered with necrotic tissue. The depth could not be
determined.
15. Which characteristic would be indicative of abnormal healing of a primary wound? A. Slough
tissue in the wound base. B. A fruity earthy or a putrid odor C. A dry or moist granulation tissue bed. D.
Drainage for more than 3 days after closure.
D. If a primary intention, wound has drained for more than three days after closure. Everything else are
signs of abnormal healing of a secondary intention wound .
16. Edema +1
mild pitting, slight indentation, no perceptible swelling of the leg
17. Edema +2
moderate pitting, indentation subsides rapidly
18. Edema +3
deep pitting, indentation remains for a short time, leg looks swollen
19. Edema +4
very deep pitting, indentation lasts a long time, leg is grossly swollen and distorted
20. New Patient
Complete total health assessment needed
21. Phase 1: General Survey
Overall impression of pt: physical appearance body structure mobility behavior Ex. Documenting
well-groomed appearance, posture, gait, and whether in distress is important for establishing baseline
data Vitals included
22. Phase 2: functional assessment
Evaluates ADLs/ IADLs
23. Phase 3: cultural assessment
Identify beliefs that may impact health care decisions. Use LEARN model. Listen Explain Acknowledge
Recommend Negotiate Understanding preferences allows the nurse to incorporate culturally sensitive
care while providing education on treatment options.
24. Therapeutic techniques
Active, listening, empathy, clarification, summarizing, silence
2
VERIFIED 2027 EDITION
1. Abductive reasoning
is thinking to determine the best explanation with the information at hand
2. Inductive reasoning
you will use signs and symptoms as a guide. Using logical reasoning, you will be able to gather the
information necessary and use your previous knowledge to effectively care for patients.
3. ankle brachial index (ABI)
screening measure for peripheral artery disease.
4. 4 types of pt data: Complete (Total Health) Database aka comprehensive assessment
complete health history + full physical (head to toe assessment) Used for new admissions, baseline
assessments, PRIMARY CARE
5. 4 types of data: Focused or Problem-Centered
limited or short-term problem. Targeted to specific complaint or system
6. 4 TYPES OF DATA: emergency database
rapid collection of crucial info and often is compiled with lifesaving measures Urgent care/ ER
7. 4 types of data: follow-up database
Reassessing identified problems. What change has occurred? Is the problem getting better or worse?
Which coping strategies are used? Usually at next Dr. visit
8. primary lesions
immediate result of a specific causative factor; develop on previously unaltered skin Freckles,moles,
patches, mosquito bite, chickenpox
9. secondary lesions
When primary lesion changes overtime because of scratching or infection Scars, ulcers, bullae, pustule
10. Pressure injuries stage 1
•Non-blanchable erythema Skin is intact but reddened and does not blanch (turn light with fingertip
pressure) •Light skin appears pink or reddened •Dark skin appears darker and also does not blanch
11. Pressure injury stage 2
skin loss (partial-thickness); may see a blister or shallow reddish-pink ulcer; the blister may be intact or
open
12. Pressure injury stage 3
skin loss (full-thickness); skin gone; may see subcutaneous fat; slough (dead soft tissue, often moist and
varies in color - white, yellow, green, or tan) may be present; could be attached or stringy loose
13. Pressure injury stage 4
full-thickness skin and tissue loss with muscle, tendon, and bone exposure; slough and eschar (thick,
leathery dead tissue that may be loose or attached to skin); often black or brown
1
, 14. On assessing your patient's sacral pressure injury you note that the tissue over the sacrum is dark
hard and adherent to the wound edge which stage would be applied to this patient's pressure injury?
A. Stage 2 B. Stage 4 C. Unstageable D. Suspected deep tissue damage
C. Unstageable- the assessed pressure injury was covered with necrotic tissue. The depth could not be
determined.
15. Which characteristic would be indicative of abnormal healing of a primary wound? A. Slough
tissue in the wound base. B. A fruity earthy or a putrid odor C. A dry or moist granulation tissue bed. D.
Drainage for more than 3 days after closure.
D. If a primary intention, wound has drained for more than three days after closure. Everything else are
signs of abnormal healing of a secondary intention wound .
16. Edema +1
mild pitting, slight indentation, no perceptible swelling of the leg
17. Edema +2
moderate pitting, indentation subsides rapidly
18. Edema +3
deep pitting, indentation remains for a short time, leg looks swollen
19. Edema +4
very deep pitting, indentation lasts a long time, leg is grossly swollen and distorted
20. New Patient
Complete total health assessment needed
21. Phase 1: General Survey
Overall impression of pt: physical appearance body structure mobility behavior Ex. Documenting
well-groomed appearance, posture, gait, and whether in distress is important for establishing baseline
data Vitals included
22. Phase 2: functional assessment
Evaluates ADLs/ IADLs
23. Phase 3: cultural assessment
Identify beliefs that may impact health care decisions. Use LEARN model. Listen Explain Acknowledge
Recommend Negotiate Understanding preferences allows the nurse to incorporate culturally sensitive
care while providing education on treatment options.
24. Therapeutic techniques
Active, listening, empathy, clarification, summarizing, silence
2
