WASTEWATER TREATMENT
OPERATOR EXAM FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ CRP. Tests in rheumatic disease: what, normal level, abnormal
with.. Answer: C-reactive protein, a non-specific antigen antibody
Normal: trace to 6mg/ml
Increased with infection and inflammation, RA. Decreased with
succesfull RA treatment
◉ RF. Tests in rheumatic disease: what, normal level, abnormal
with.. Answer: Rheumatoid factor. antibody against IgG.
Positive RF in most people with RA
◉ Corticosteroids and arthritis: what does it do and adverse effects.
Answer: Not for maintenance
Use lowest dose
Suppresses flares
nausea, hyperglycemia, weight gain, adrenal insufficiency, mask
infections
,◉ NSAIDS and arthritis: what and adverse effects. Answer: analgesic
and anti-inflammatory
give PPI concurrently to prevent GI complication
Headache, htn, fluid retention, n/v, ulcers/ bleeding, abnormal liver
function tests, rash, renal insufficiency
◉ Celebrex and Arthritis. Answer: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory
Fewer ulcers than with other NSAIDS
Not recommended in renal or liver failure
Screen for sulfa allergy
May cause cardiovascular thrombotic event
May cause GI adverse event
◉ subluxation: what, cause. Answer: partial dislocation of a joint.
Common sites: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, patella, ankle, spine
trauma, blunt force
neuromuscular disease
inflammatory joint disease, RA
Loose ligaments
Ehlers-Dantos syndrome (loose ligaments and overflexible joints-
congenital)
,◉ Findings and diagnostics subluxation. Answer: Pain over affected
area
previous subluxation
swelling around joints
loss of ROM
XR, CT, MRI show subluxation
Increased WBC (stress response)
◉ Management of subluxation. Answer: Early reduction, many
spontaneously
immobilization (splint, sling)
PT
NSAIDS for pain/ swelling
◉ Dislocation: what, cause. Answer: Complete displacement of bone
end and position in joint. Common sites: shoulder, elbow (nurse
maid), wrist, hip, knee (emergency if loss of integrity of ACL and
PCL), ankle/ foot
high energy blunt force trauma
congenital
neuromuscular disorder
, inflammatory joint disease, RA
Loose ligaments
younger than 35 often, due to sports
Often associated with fracture
◉ Findings and diagnostics dislocation. Answer: severe pain over
affected area
hx of mechanism of injury
numbness/ tingling distal to injury
joint deformity
shortened limb
contusion/ laceration over affected joint
decreased pulses distal to joint
decreased rom
decreased sensation distally due to nerve damage
WBC elevated due to stress
Hgb may be low due to bruising
xr: dislocation (should get anteroposterior)
CT scan for pelvic trauma to rule out hip/ pelvic fracture
Order ultrasound for posterior knee dislocation: high incidence of
popliteal artery injury
OPERATOR EXAM FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ CRP. Tests in rheumatic disease: what, normal level, abnormal
with.. Answer: C-reactive protein, a non-specific antigen antibody
Normal: trace to 6mg/ml
Increased with infection and inflammation, RA. Decreased with
succesfull RA treatment
◉ RF. Tests in rheumatic disease: what, normal level, abnormal
with.. Answer: Rheumatoid factor. antibody against IgG.
Positive RF in most people with RA
◉ Corticosteroids and arthritis: what does it do and adverse effects.
Answer: Not for maintenance
Use lowest dose
Suppresses flares
nausea, hyperglycemia, weight gain, adrenal insufficiency, mask
infections
,◉ NSAIDS and arthritis: what and adverse effects. Answer: analgesic
and anti-inflammatory
give PPI concurrently to prevent GI complication
Headache, htn, fluid retention, n/v, ulcers/ bleeding, abnormal liver
function tests, rash, renal insufficiency
◉ Celebrex and Arthritis. Answer: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory
Fewer ulcers than with other NSAIDS
Not recommended in renal or liver failure
Screen for sulfa allergy
May cause cardiovascular thrombotic event
May cause GI adverse event
◉ subluxation: what, cause. Answer: partial dislocation of a joint.
Common sites: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, patella, ankle, spine
trauma, blunt force
neuromuscular disease
inflammatory joint disease, RA
Loose ligaments
Ehlers-Dantos syndrome (loose ligaments and overflexible joints-
congenital)
,◉ Findings and diagnostics subluxation. Answer: Pain over affected
area
previous subluxation
swelling around joints
loss of ROM
XR, CT, MRI show subluxation
Increased WBC (stress response)
◉ Management of subluxation. Answer: Early reduction, many
spontaneously
immobilization (splint, sling)
PT
NSAIDS for pain/ swelling
◉ Dislocation: what, cause. Answer: Complete displacement of bone
end and position in joint. Common sites: shoulder, elbow (nurse
maid), wrist, hip, knee (emergency if loss of integrity of ACL and
PCL), ankle/ foot
high energy blunt force trauma
congenital
neuromuscular disorder
, inflammatory joint disease, RA
Loose ligaments
younger than 35 often, due to sports
Often associated with fracture
◉ Findings and diagnostics dislocation. Answer: severe pain over
affected area
hx of mechanism of injury
numbness/ tingling distal to injury
joint deformity
shortened limb
contusion/ laceration over affected joint
decreased pulses distal to joint
decreased rom
decreased sensation distally due to nerve damage
WBC elevated due to stress
Hgb may be low due to bruising
xr: dislocation (should get anteroposterior)
CT scan for pelvic trauma to rule out hip/ pelvic fracture
Order ultrasound for posterior knee dislocation: high incidence of
popliteal artery injury
