WGU 785 Final Exam Latest 2024 With Complete Solution
SECTION 1: MENDELIAN GENETICS & INHERITANCE PATTERNS
Question 1
A father has hemophilia A, and the mother does not have hemophilia and is
not a carrier. What is the expected outcome for their children?
A) All sons will have hemophilia
B) All daughters will be carriers
C) All daughters will have hemophilia
D) All sons will be carriers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorder. The father
passes his affected X chromosome to all of his daughters, making
them obligate carriers. He passes his Y chromosome to all of his
sons, so his sons will not inherit the affected X from him and will be
unaffected (assuming the mother is not a carrier).
Question 2
Which statement correctly describes an autosomal dominant inheritance
pattern?
,A) Males and females are equally affected
B) Only males are affected
C) Carrier parents are required
D) It skips generations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In autosomal dominant inheritance, males and females are
equally affected because the gene is located on an autosome (non-
sex chromosome). Affected individuals typically have an affected
parent, and the trait does not skip generations.
Question 3
A couple has a child with cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disorder.
Neither parent has cystic fibrosis. What is the genotype of each parent?
A) Both parents are homozygous dominant
B) Both parents are carriers (heterozygous)
C) One parent is homozygous recessive
D) One parent is homozygous dominant, one is heterozygous
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive. If neither parent
has the disease but they have an affected child, both parents must
be carriers (heterozygous). Each parent carries one copy of the
mutated gene and one normal gene.
,Question 4
A mother is a carrier for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (X-linked
recessive). She has a son with a man who does not have the disorder.
What is the probability that her son will have Duchenne muscular
dystrophy?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mother has one affected X and one normal X. She has
a 50% chance of passing the affected X to each son. Therefore, each
son has a 50% chance of having Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Question 5
Which of the following disorders follows an X-linked recessive inheritance
pattern?
A) Huntington's disease
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Hemophilia A
D) Marfan syndrome
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorder.
Huntington's disease and Marfan syndrome are autosomal dominant.
Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive.
SECTION 2: DNA REPLICATION & MUTATIONS
Question 6
What is the process of copying DNA in the laboratory called?
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D) DNA replication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the process of
copying DNA in the lab. It uses template DNA, nucleotides (dNTPs),
DNA polymerase, and primers.
Question 7
What are the three steps of PCR in the correct order?
A) Annealing, denaturation, elongation
B) Denaturation, annealing, elongation
SECTION 1: MENDELIAN GENETICS & INHERITANCE PATTERNS
Question 1
A father has hemophilia A, and the mother does not have hemophilia and is
not a carrier. What is the expected outcome for their children?
A) All sons will have hemophilia
B) All daughters will be carriers
C) All daughters will have hemophilia
D) All sons will be carriers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorder. The father
passes his affected X chromosome to all of his daughters, making
them obligate carriers. He passes his Y chromosome to all of his
sons, so his sons will not inherit the affected X from him and will be
unaffected (assuming the mother is not a carrier).
Question 2
Which statement correctly describes an autosomal dominant inheritance
pattern?
,A) Males and females are equally affected
B) Only males are affected
C) Carrier parents are required
D) It skips generations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In autosomal dominant inheritance, males and females are
equally affected because the gene is located on an autosome (non-
sex chromosome). Affected individuals typically have an affected
parent, and the trait does not skip generations.
Question 3
A couple has a child with cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disorder.
Neither parent has cystic fibrosis. What is the genotype of each parent?
A) Both parents are homozygous dominant
B) Both parents are carriers (heterozygous)
C) One parent is homozygous recessive
D) One parent is homozygous dominant, one is heterozygous
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive. If neither parent
has the disease but they have an affected child, both parents must
be carriers (heterozygous). Each parent carries one copy of the
mutated gene and one normal gene.
,Question 4
A mother is a carrier for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (X-linked
recessive). She has a son with a man who does not have the disorder.
What is the probability that her son will have Duchenne muscular
dystrophy?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mother has one affected X and one normal X. She has
a 50% chance of passing the affected X to each son. Therefore, each
son has a 50% chance of having Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Question 5
Which of the following disorders follows an X-linked recessive inheritance
pattern?
A) Huntington's disease
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Hemophilia A
D) Marfan syndrome
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorder.
Huntington's disease and Marfan syndrome are autosomal dominant.
Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive.
SECTION 2: DNA REPLICATION & MUTATIONS
Question 6
What is the process of copying DNA in the laboratory called?
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D) DNA replication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the process of
copying DNA in the lab. It uses template DNA, nucleotides (dNTPs),
DNA polymerase, and primers.
Question 7
What are the three steps of PCR in the correct order?
A) Annealing, denaturation, elongation
B) Denaturation, annealing, elongation
