PNLE ALL IN PRACTICE EXAMS
MATERNITY NURSING
1. You performed the leopold's maneuver and found the following: breech
presentation, fetal back at the right side of the mother. Based on these
findings, you can hear the fetal heart beat (PMI) BEST in which location?
A. Left lower quadrant
B. Right lower quadrant
C. Left upper quadrant
D. Right upper quadrant
Answer: (B) Right lower quadrant
Rationale: The landmark to look for when looking for PMI is the location of the fetal
back in relation to the right or left side of the mother and the presentation, whether
cephalic or breech. The best site is the fetal back nearest the head.
2. In Leopold's maneuver step #1, you palpated a soft broad mass that
moves with the rest of the mass. The correct interpretation of this finding is:
A. The mass palpated at the fundal part is the head part.
B. The presentation is breech.
C. The mass palpated is the back
D. The mass palpated is the buttocks.
Answer: (D) The mass palpated is the buttocks.
Rationale: The palpated mass is the fetal buttocks since it is broad and soft and
moves with the rest of the mass.
3. In Leopold's maneuver step #3 you palpated a hard round movable mass
at the supra pubic area. The correct interpretation is that the mass palpated
is:
A. The buttocks because the presentation is breech.
B. The mass palpated is the head.
C. The mass is the fetal back.
D. The mass palpated is the fetal small part
Answer: (B) The mass palpated is the head.
Rationale: When the mass palpated is hard round and movable, it is the fetal head.
4. The hormone responsible for a positive pregnancy test is:
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
,C. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
D. Follicle Stimulating hormone
Answer: (C) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is the hormone secreted by the
chorionic villi which is the precursor of the placenta. In the early stage of pregnancy,
while the placenta is not yet fully developed, the major hormone that sustains the
pregnancy is HCG.
5. The hormone responsible for the maturation of the graafian follicle is:
A. Follicle stimulating hormone
B. Progesterone
C. Estrogen
D. Luteinizing hormone
Answer: (A) Follicle stimulating hormone
Rationale: The hormone that stimulates the maturation if the of the graafian follicle
is the Follicle Stimulating Hormone which is released by the anterior pituitary gland.
6. The most common normal position of the fetus in utero is:
A. Transverse position
B. Vertical position
C. Oblique position
D. None of the above
Answer: (B) Vertical position
Rationale: Vertical position means the fetal spine is parallel to the maternal spine
thus making it easy for the fetus to go out the birth canal. If transverse or oblique, the
fetus can't be delivered normally per vagina.
7. In the later part of the 3rd trimester, the mother may experience
shortness of breath. This complaint maybe explained as:
A. A normal occurrence in pregnancy because the fetus is using more oxygen
B. The fundus of the uterus is high pushing the diaphragm upwards
C. The woman is having allergic reaction to the pregnancy and its hormones
D. The woman maybe experiencing complication of pregnancy
Answer: (B) The fundus of the uterus is high pushing the diaphragm
upwards
Rationale: From the 32nd week of the pregnancy, the fundus of the enlarged uterus
is pushing the respiratory diaphragm upwards. Thus, the lungs have reduced space
for expansion consequently reducing the
,8. Which of the following findings in a woman would be consistent with a
pregnancy of two months duration?
A. Weight gain of 6-10 lbs. and presence of striae gravidarum
B. Fullness of the breast and urinary frequency
C. Braxton Hicks contractions and quickening
D. Increased respiratory rate and ballottement
Answer: (B) Fullness of the breast and urinary frequency
Rationale: Fullness of the breast is due to the increased amount of progesterone in
pregnancy. The urinary frequency is caused by the compression of the urinary bladder
by the gravid uterus which is still within the pelvic cavity during the first trimester.
9. Which of the following is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A. Fetal movement felt by mother
B. Enlargement of the uterus
C. (+) pregnancy test
D. (+) ultrasound
Answer: (D) (+) ultrasound
Rationale: A positive ultrasound will definitely confirm that a woman is pregnant
since the fetus in utero is directly visualized.
10. What event occurring in the second trimester helps the expectant
mother to accept the pregnancy?
A. Lightening
B. Ballottement
C. Pseudocyesis
D. Quickening
Answer: (D) Quickening
Rationale: Quickening is the first fetal movement felt by the mother makes the
woman realize that she is truly pregnant. In early pregnancy, the fetus is moving but
too weak to be felt by the mother. In the 18th-20th week of gestation, the fetal
movements become stronger thus the mother already feels the movements.
11. Shoes with low, broad heels, plus a good posture will prevent which
prenatal discomfort?
A. Backache
B. Vertigo
C. Leg cramps
D. Nausea
Answer: (A) Backache
Rationale: Backache usually occurs in the lumbar area and becomes more
problematic as the uterus enlarges. The pregnant woman in her third trimester usually
, assumes a lordotic posture to maintain balance causing an exaggeration of the
lumbar curvature. Low broad heels provide the pregnant woman with a good support.
12. When a pregnant woman experiences leg cramps, the correct nursing
intervention to relieve the muscle cramps is:
A. Allow the woman to exercise
B. Let the woman walk for a while
C. Let the woman lie down and dorsiflex the foot towards the knees
D. Ask the woman to raise her legs
Answer: (C) Let the woman lie down and dorsiflex the foot towards the
knees
Rationale: Leg cramps is caused by the contraction of the gastrocnemius (leg
muscle). Thus, the intervention is to stretch the muscle by dorsiflexing the foot of the
affected leg towards the knee.
13. From the 33rd week of gestation till full term, a healthy mother should
have prenatal check up every:
A. week
B. 2 weeks
C. 3 weeks
D. 4 weeks
Answer: (A) week
Rationale: In the 9th month of pregnancy the mother needs to have a weekly visit to
the prenatal clinic to monitor fetal condition and to ensure that she is adequately
prepared for the impending labor and delivery.
14. The expected weight gain in a normal pregnancy during the 3rd
trimester is
A. 1 pound a week
B. 2 pounds a week
C. 10 lbs a month
D. 10 lbs total weight gain in the 3rd trimester
Answer: (A) 1 pound a week
Rationale: During the 3rd trimester the fetus is gaining more subcutaneous fat and is
growing fast in preparation for extra uterine life. Thus, one pound a week is expected.
15. In the Batholomew's rule of 4, when the level of the fundus is midway
between the umbilicus and xyphoid process the estimated age of gestation
(AOG) is:
MATERNITY NURSING
1. You performed the leopold's maneuver and found the following: breech
presentation, fetal back at the right side of the mother. Based on these
findings, you can hear the fetal heart beat (PMI) BEST in which location?
A. Left lower quadrant
B. Right lower quadrant
C. Left upper quadrant
D. Right upper quadrant
Answer: (B) Right lower quadrant
Rationale: The landmark to look for when looking for PMI is the location of the fetal
back in relation to the right or left side of the mother and the presentation, whether
cephalic or breech. The best site is the fetal back nearest the head.
2. In Leopold's maneuver step #1, you palpated a soft broad mass that
moves with the rest of the mass. The correct interpretation of this finding is:
A. The mass palpated at the fundal part is the head part.
B. The presentation is breech.
C. The mass palpated is the back
D. The mass palpated is the buttocks.
Answer: (D) The mass palpated is the buttocks.
Rationale: The palpated mass is the fetal buttocks since it is broad and soft and
moves with the rest of the mass.
3. In Leopold's maneuver step #3 you palpated a hard round movable mass
at the supra pubic area. The correct interpretation is that the mass palpated
is:
A. The buttocks because the presentation is breech.
B. The mass palpated is the head.
C. The mass is the fetal back.
D. The mass palpated is the fetal small part
Answer: (B) The mass palpated is the head.
Rationale: When the mass palpated is hard round and movable, it is the fetal head.
4. The hormone responsible for a positive pregnancy test is:
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
,C. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
D. Follicle Stimulating hormone
Answer: (C) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is the hormone secreted by the
chorionic villi which is the precursor of the placenta. In the early stage of pregnancy,
while the placenta is not yet fully developed, the major hormone that sustains the
pregnancy is HCG.
5. The hormone responsible for the maturation of the graafian follicle is:
A. Follicle stimulating hormone
B. Progesterone
C. Estrogen
D. Luteinizing hormone
Answer: (A) Follicle stimulating hormone
Rationale: The hormone that stimulates the maturation if the of the graafian follicle
is the Follicle Stimulating Hormone which is released by the anterior pituitary gland.
6. The most common normal position of the fetus in utero is:
A. Transverse position
B. Vertical position
C. Oblique position
D. None of the above
Answer: (B) Vertical position
Rationale: Vertical position means the fetal spine is parallel to the maternal spine
thus making it easy for the fetus to go out the birth canal. If transverse or oblique, the
fetus can't be delivered normally per vagina.
7. In the later part of the 3rd trimester, the mother may experience
shortness of breath. This complaint maybe explained as:
A. A normal occurrence in pregnancy because the fetus is using more oxygen
B. The fundus of the uterus is high pushing the diaphragm upwards
C. The woman is having allergic reaction to the pregnancy and its hormones
D. The woman maybe experiencing complication of pregnancy
Answer: (B) The fundus of the uterus is high pushing the diaphragm
upwards
Rationale: From the 32nd week of the pregnancy, the fundus of the enlarged uterus
is pushing the respiratory diaphragm upwards. Thus, the lungs have reduced space
for expansion consequently reducing the
,8. Which of the following findings in a woman would be consistent with a
pregnancy of two months duration?
A. Weight gain of 6-10 lbs. and presence of striae gravidarum
B. Fullness of the breast and urinary frequency
C. Braxton Hicks contractions and quickening
D. Increased respiratory rate and ballottement
Answer: (B) Fullness of the breast and urinary frequency
Rationale: Fullness of the breast is due to the increased amount of progesterone in
pregnancy. The urinary frequency is caused by the compression of the urinary bladder
by the gravid uterus which is still within the pelvic cavity during the first trimester.
9. Which of the following is a positive sign of pregnancy?
A. Fetal movement felt by mother
B. Enlargement of the uterus
C. (+) pregnancy test
D. (+) ultrasound
Answer: (D) (+) ultrasound
Rationale: A positive ultrasound will definitely confirm that a woman is pregnant
since the fetus in utero is directly visualized.
10. What event occurring in the second trimester helps the expectant
mother to accept the pregnancy?
A. Lightening
B. Ballottement
C. Pseudocyesis
D. Quickening
Answer: (D) Quickening
Rationale: Quickening is the first fetal movement felt by the mother makes the
woman realize that she is truly pregnant. In early pregnancy, the fetus is moving but
too weak to be felt by the mother. In the 18th-20th week of gestation, the fetal
movements become stronger thus the mother already feels the movements.
11. Shoes with low, broad heels, plus a good posture will prevent which
prenatal discomfort?
A. Backache
B. Vertigo
C. Leg cramps
D. Nausea
Answer: (A) Backache
Rationale: Backache usually occurs in the lumbar area and becomes more
problematic as the uterus enlarges. The pregnant woman in her third trimester usually
, assumes a lordotic posture to maintain balance causing an exaggeration of the
lumbar curvature. Low broad heels provide the pregnant woman with a good support.
12. When a pregnant woman experiences leg cramps, the correct nursing
intervention to relieve the muscle cramps is:
A. Allow the woman to exercise
B. Let the woman walk for a while
C. Let the woman lie down and dorsiflex the foot towards the knees
D. Ask the woman to raise her legs
Answer: (C) Let the woman lie down and dorsiflex the foot towards the
knees
Rationale: Leg cramps is caused by the contraction of the gastrocnemius (leg
muscle). Thus, the intervention is to stretch the muscle by dorsiflexing the foot of the
affected leg towards the knee.
13. From the 33rd week of gestation till full term, a healthy mother should
have prenatal check up every:
A. week
B. 2 weeks
C. 3 weeks
D. 4 weeks
Answer: (A) week
Rationale: In the 9th month of pregnancy the mother needs to have a weekly visit to
the prenatal clinic to monitor fetal condition and to ensure that she is adequately
prepared for the impending labor and delivery.
14. The expected weight gain in a normal pregnancy during the 3rd
trimester is
A. 1 pound a week
B. 2 pounds a week
C. 10 lbs a month
D. 10 lbs total weight gain in the 3rd trimester
Answer: (A) 1 pound a week
Rationale: During the 3rd trimester the fetus is gaining more subcutaneous fat and is
growing fast in preparation for extra uterine life. Thus, one pound a week is expected.
15. In the Batholomew's rule of 4, when the level of the fundus is midway
between the umbilicus and xyphoid process the estimated age of gestation
(AOG) is:
