Permanent Makeup & Tattoo Licensing Exam – Virginia PMU DPOR (2026/2027) – 300 Verified Questions –
Sanitation, Tattoo Law, Color Theory, Business, Anatomy
1. What is the primary purpose of sanitation in a tattoo or PMU studio?
A) To improve client comfort
B) To prevent the spread of infection
C) To enhance pigment retention
D) To reduce appointment time
Answer: B
Rationale: Sanitation is essential to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens and other infections.
2. Which federal agency requires employers to protect workers from bloodborne pathogens?
A) FDA
B) OSHA
C) CDC
D) EPA
Answer: B
Rationale: OSHA enforces the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard in workplaces.
3. Which pathogen is most commonly associated with bloodborne exposure in tattoo settings?
A) Hepatitis B
B) Hepatitis A
C) Norovirus
D) Influenza
Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis B is a major bloodborne pathogen of concern in tattoo and PMU settings.
4. Which pathogen can survive on surfaces for long periods and is resistant to many disinfectants?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis B
C) Influenza
D) Rhinovirus
,Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B is hardy and can remain infectious on surfaces.
5. What is the first step in hand hygiene according to CDC guidelines?
A) Apply soap
B) Wet hands with water
C) Dry hands
D) Apply hand sanitizer
Answer: B
Rationale: Wet hands first, then apply soap and lather.
6. How long should you scrub your hands when washing with soap and water?
A) 5 seconds
B) 10 seconds
C) At least 20 seconds
D) 1 minute
Answer: C
Rationale: CDC recommends at least 20 seconds of scrubbing.
7. When should you wash your hands with soap and water rather than use alcohol-based hand rub?
A) When hands are visibly soiled
B) Before eating
C) After using the restroom
D) All of the above
Answer: A
Rationale: Soap and water are required when hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with blood/body
fluids.
8. Which of the following is a bloodborne pathogen?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis C
C) Hepatitis B
2
,D) All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: HIV, HBV, and HCV are all bloodborne pathogens.
9. What is the appropriate PPE for tattoo or PMU procedures?
A) Gloves only
B) Gloves and eye protection
C) Gloves, mask, and eye protection
D) No PPE is required
Answer: C
Rationale: Standard precautions require gloves, mask, and eye protection when splash risk exists.
10. What type of gloves should be worn during tattoo or PMU procedures?
A) Latex exam gloves
B) Nitrile exam gloves
C) Vinyl exam gloves
D) Any of the above
Answer: B
Rationale: Nitrile gloves are recommended due to latex allergy concerns and durability.
11. How often should gloves be changed during a procedure?
A) Every 30 minutes
B) When torn or contaminated
C) Between clients only
D) At the end of the day
Answer: B
Rationale: Gloves must be changed when torn, contaminated, or when switching tasks.
12. What is the correct way to remove gloves?
A) Pull off by fingers
B) Peel off inside out
C) Cut off with scissors
3
, D) Remove with teeth
Answer: B
Rationale: Peel gloves off inside out to contain contamination.
13. What should be done after removing gloves?
A) Apply lotion
B) Wash hands immediately
C) Put on new gloves
D) Nothing
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene must be performed after glove removal.
14. What is the purpose of an autoclave?
A) Disinfect surfaces
B) Sterilize equipment
C) Clean floors
D) Store needles
Answer: B
Rationale: Autoclaves use steam under pressure to sterilize equipment.
15. What is the difference between disinfection and sterilization?
A) Disinfection kills all microorganisms
B) Sterilization kills all microorganisms including spores
C) They are the same
D) Disinfection is for skin only
Answer: B
Rationale: Sterilization destroys all microbial life including spores; disinfection reduces pathogens.
16. Which of the following must be sterilized before reuse?
A) Tattoo needles
B) Tubes
C) Grips
4
Sanitation, Tattoo Law, Color Theory, Business, Anatomy
1. What is the primary purpose of sanitation in a tattoo or PMU studio?
A) To improve client comfort
B) To prevent the spread of infection
C) To enhance pigment retention
D) To reduce appointment time
Answer: B
Rationale: Sanitation is essential to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens and other infections.
2. Which federal agency requires employers to protect workers from bloodborne pathogens?
A) FDA
B) OSHA
C) CDC
D) EPA
Answer: B
Rationale: OSHA enforces the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard in workplaces.
3. Which pathogen is most commonly associated with bloodborne exposure in tattoo settings?
A) Hepatitis B
B) Hepatitis A
C) Norovirus
D) Influenza
Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis B is a major bloodborne pathogen of concern in tattoo and PMU settings.
4. Which pathogen can survive on surfaces for long periods and is resistant to many disinfectants?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis B
C) Influenza
D) Rhinovirus
,Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B is hardy and can remain infectious on surfaces.
5. What is the first step in hand hygiene according to CDC guidelines?
A) Apply soap
B) Wet hands with water
C) Dry hands
D) Apply hand sanitizer
Answer: B
Rationale: Wet hands first, then apply soap and lather.
6. How long should you scrub your hands when washing with soap and water?
A) 5 seconds
B) 10 seconds
C) At least 20 seconds
D) 1 minute
Answer: C
Rationale: CDC recommends at least 20 seconds of scrubbing.
7. When should you wash your hands with soap and water rather than use alcohol-based hand rub?
A) When hands are visibly soiled
B) Before eating
C) After using the restroom
D) All of the above
Answer: A
Rationale: Soap and water are required when hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with blood/body
fluids.
8. Which of the following is a bloodborne pathogen?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis C
C) Hepatitis B
2
,D) All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: HIV, HBV, and HCV are all bloodborne pathogens.
9. What is the appropriate PPE for tattoo or PMU procedures?
A) Gloves only
B) Gloves and eye protection
C) Gloves, mask, and eye protection
D) No PPE is required
Answer: C
Rationale: Standard precautions require gloves, mask, and eye protection when splash risk exists.
10. What type of gloves should be worn during tattoo or PMU procedures?
A) Latex exam gloves
B) Nitrile exam gloves
C) Vinyl exam gloves
D) Any of the above
Answer: B
Rationale: Nitrile gloves are recommended due to latex allergy concerns and durability.
11. How often should gloves be changed during a procedure?
A) Every 30 minutes
B) When torn or contaminated
C) Between clients only
D) At the end of the day
Answer: B
Rationale: Gloves must be changed when torn, contaminated, or when switching tasks.
12. What is the correct way to remove gloves?
A) Pull off by fingers
B) Peel off inside out
C) Cut off with scissors
3
, D) Remove with teeth
Answer: B
Rationale: Peel gloves off inside out to contain contamination.
13. What should be done after removing gloves?
A) Apply lotion
B) Wash hands immediately
C) Put on new gloves
D) Nothing
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene must be performed after glove removal.
14. What is the purpose of an autoclave?
A) Disinfect surfaces
B) Sterilize equipment
C) Clean floors
D) Store needles
Answer: B
Rationale: Autoclaves use steam under pressure to sterilize equipment.
15. What is the difference between disinfection and sterilization?
A) Disinfection kills all microorganisms
B) Sterilization kills all microorganisms including spores
C) They are the same
D) Disinfection is for skin only
Answer: B
Rationale: Sterilization destroys all microbial life including spores; disinfection reduces pathogens.
16. Which of the following must be sterilized before reuse?
A) Tattoo needles
B) Tubes
C) Grips
4
