UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
Forward Path of Blood Right Atrium>tricuspid valve>right ventricle>pulmonic valve>pulmonary
artery>pulmonary arterioles>pulmonary capillaries [gas exchange with alveoli
occurs here]>pulmonary venules>pulmonary veins>left atrium>mitral valve>left
ventricle>aortic valve>aorta (part to coronary arteries, part to brain tissue via
carotids, rest to tissue beds of remainder of body)> arterioles of tissues>
capillaries [gas exchange with tissue occurs here]>venules>veins>inferior vena
cava (from body) or superior vena cava (from head)>right atrium
Backward Path of Blood Right atrium>inferior vena cava (from body) or superior vena cava (from
head)>veins>venules>capillaries [gas exchange with tissue occurs here]>arterioles
of tissues>oxygenated blood goes to coronary arteries, to the brain tissue via
carotids, and res of the tissue beds in the remainder of the body>aorta>aortic
valve>left ventricle>mitral valve>left atrium>pulmonary veins>pulmonary
venules>pulmonary capillaries [gas exchange with alveoli occurs here]>pulmonary
arterioles>pulmonary artery>pulmonic valve>right ventricle>tricuspid valve>right
atrium
The systemic arterial system receives blood from the left ventricle
Image: The systemic arterial system receives blood from the
Th Pulmonary arterial system, receives blood from the right ventricle
Image: Th Pulmonary arterial system, receives blood from the
The right ventricle is the receiving chamber of blood right atrium
from the
The left ventricle is the receiving chamber from the left atrium
Image: The left ventricle is the receiving chamber from the
Systole tricuspid and mitral valves close and pulmonic and aortic valves open, closing of
AV valves makes "lub" sound
Image: Systole
Diastole pulmonic and aortic valves close make "dub" sound, ventricles fill
Image: Diastole
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
The only arterial vessels in the body that carry pulmonary artery and arterioles
deoxygenated blood are the
Image: The only arterial vessels in the body that carry deoxygenated blood are
the
The only venous vessels that carry oxygenated blood are pulmonary venules and veins
the
Image: The only venous vessels that carry oxygenated blood are the
The goal of the electrical and mechanical function of the effective cardiac output
heart is to create
Cardiac Output average amount of blood the left ventricle ejects per minute
What is the normal average amount of cardiac output? 4-6L/min
Stroke Volume the amount of blood ejected per beat
What is the Cardiac Output formula? HR x SV
Ex: 80 beats/min X 70 ml/beat=5600ml=5.6liters/min
Image: What is the Cardiac Output formula?
S&S of good perfusion -normal BP
-normal pulses
-normal capillary refill
-good mentation
-pink and warm skin
Good cardiac output is only one part of good perfusion, healthy arteries (good vasomotor tone and patent lumen)
the other part is having
Cardiac Output can improve or deteriorate by: changes in HR & in SV
Stroke volume (SV) is affected by what 3 conditions? -contractility (pump)
-preload (volume)
-afterload (resistance)
Image: Stroke volume (SV) is affected by what 3 conditions?
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
Electrocardiogram record of the electrical activity of the heart by placing specialized patches on the
skin that act as negative and positive poles
Image: Electrocardiogram
P wave atrial depolarization
Image: P wave
QRS complex ventricular depolarization
Image: QRS complex
T wave ventricular repolarization
Image: T wave
ST time interval between end of ventricular depolarization (S) & repolarization (T)
Image: ST
Heart rate rate of impulses generated by the SA node & traveling throughout the heart
Normal heart rate 60-100 impulses(or beats)/minute
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NRS or just SR) normal/healthy and impulses that proceed in a consistent, regular PQRST pattern
Image: Normal Sinus Rhythm (NRS or just SR)
What is the part of the heart cycle in which the right systole
ventricle and left ventricles are contracting & ejecting Image: What is the part of the heart cycle in which the right ventricle and left
blood from their chambers into the pulmonary artery and
ventricles are contracting & ejecting blood from their chambers into the
the aorta?
pulmonary artery and the aorta?
Systole occurs between the "lub" (closure of AV valves) and the "dub" (closure of pulmonic & aortic valves)
lub closure of AV valves
Image: lub
dub closure of pulmonic & aortic valves
Image: dub
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
Systole begins with an electrical signal generate by SA node, the electrical signal will spread throughout atria to AV node to
ventricles, as each cardiac muscle cell receives an electrical signal, it depolarizes
and contracts
When the muscle cells in the heart depolarize, this results ventricular contraction & simultaneous ejection of blood from right ventricle into
in pulmonary vasculature & left ventricle into systemic vasculature
The amount of blood ejected (per contraction) during ~70ml/beat
systole is called stroke volume & the average amount is
The part of the heart cycle in which the right ventricle Diastole
and the left ventricle are receiving/filling with blood from
the right atrium and the left atrium is?
Inotropic adjective used to describe effect of different factors on contractility (pump
action)
Positive Inotropic Effect something that enhances contractility of the heart
Negative Inotropic Effect something that decreases contractility of the heart
Afterload any form of resistance to ejection of blood from a heart chamber
Normal afterload exists when the receiving arteries have normal vasomotor tone (not too constricted, not too dilated) and their lining are
smooth and patent
Normal Right Ventricle afterload pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
Normal Left Ventricle afterload systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Veins thin-walled vessel that take deoxygenated blood from tissue beds all over the
body back to the right side of the heart
Conditions that facilitate good venous return and prevent -proper functioning valves in leg veins
backflow are -well-toned, working muscle tissue around the veins
Most venous disorders occur in the legs
Most venous disorders have to do with some degree of entire amount of venous blood flowing in its proper direction (upward, towards
failure to keep the heart)
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
Forward Path of Blood Right Atrium>tricuspid valve>right ventricle>pulmonic valve>pulmonary
artery>pulmonary arterioles>pulmonary capillaries [gas exchange with alveoli
occurs here]>pulmonary venules>pulmonary veins>left atrium>mitral valve>left
ventricle>aortic valve>aorta (part to coronary arteries, part to brain tissue via
carotids, rest to tissue beds of remainder of body)> arterioles of tissues>
capillaries [gas exchange with tissue occurs here]>venules>veins>inferior vena
cava (from body) or superior vena cava (from head)>right atrium
Backward Path of Blood Right atrium>inferior vena cava (from body) or superior vena cava (from
head)>veins>venules>capillaries [gas exchange with tissue occurs here]>arterioles
of tissues>oxygenated blood goes to coronary arteries, to the brain tissue via
carotids, and res of the tissue beds in the remainder of the body>aorta>aortic
valve>left ventricle>mitral valve>left atrium>pulmonary veins>pulmonary
venules>pulmonary capillaries [gas exchange with alveoli occurs here]>pulmonary
arterioles>pulmonary artery>pulmonic valve>right ventricle>tricuspid valve>right
atrium
The systemic arterial system receives blood from the left ventricle
Image: The systemic arterial system receives blood from the
Th Pulmonary arterial system, receives blood from the right ventricle
Image: Th Pulmonary arterial system, receives blood from the
The right ventricle is the receiving chamber of blood right atrium
from the
The left ventricle is the receiving chamber from the left atrium
Image: The left ventricle is the receiving chamber from the
Systole tricuspid and mitral valves close and pulmonic and aortic valves open, closing of
AV valves makes "lub" sound
Image: Systole
Diastole pulmonic and aortic valves close make "dub" sound, ventricles fill
Image: Diastole
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
The only arterial vessels in the body that carry pulmonary artery and arterioles
deoxygenated blood are the
Image: The only arterial vessels in the body that carry deoxygenated blood are
the
The only venous vessels that carry oxygenated blood are pulmonary venules and veins
the
Image: The only venous vessels that carry oxygenated blood are the
The goal of the electrical and mechanical function of the effective cardiac output
heart is to create
Cardiac Output average amount of blood the left ventricle ejects per minute
What is the normal average amount of cardiac output? 4-6L/min
Stroke Volume the amount of blood ejected per beat
What is the Cardiac Output formula? HR x SV
Ex: 80 beats/min X 70 ml/beat=5600ml=5.6liters/min
Image: What is the Cardiac Output formula?
S&S of good perfusion -normal BP
-normal pulses
-normal capillary refill
-good mentation
-pink and warm skin
Good cardiac output is only one part of good perfusion, healthy arteries (good vasomotor tone and patent lumen)
the other part is having
Cardiac Output can improve or deteriorate by: changes in HR & in SV
Stroke volume (SV) is affected by what 3 conditions? -contractility (pump)
-preload (volume)
-afterload (resistance)
Image: Stroke volume (SV) is affected by what 3 conditions?
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
Electrocardiogram record of the electrical activity of the heart by placing specialized patches on the
skin that act as negative and positive poles
Image: Electrocardiogram
P wave atrial depolarization
Image: P wave
QRS complex ventricular depolarization
Image: QRS complex
T wave ventricular repolarization
Image: T wave
ST time interval between end of ventricular depolarization (S) & repolarization (T)
Image: ST
Heart rate rate of impulses generated by the SA node & traveling throughout the heart
Normal heart rate 60-100 impulses(or beats)/minute
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NRS or just SR) normal/healthy and impulses that proceed in a consistent, regular PQRST pattern
Image: Normal Sinus Rhythm (NRS or just SR)
What is the part of the heart cycle in which the right systole
ventricle and left ventricles are contracting & ejecting Image: What is the part of the heart cycle in which the right ventricle and left
blood from their chambers into the pulmonary artery and
ventricles are contracting & ejecting blood from their chambers into the
the aorta?
pulmonary artery and the aorta?
Systole occurs between the "lub" (closure of AV valves) and the "dub" (closure of pulmonic & aortic valves)
lub closure of AV valves
Image: lub
dub closure of pulmonic & aortic valves
Image: dub
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
, UTA NURS 3366 Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Questions & Verified Answers
Systole begins with an electrical signal generate by SA node, the electrical signal will spread throughout atria to AV node to
ventricles, as each cardiac muscle cell receives an electrical signal, it depolarizes
and contracts
When the muscle cells in the heart depolarize, this results ventricular contraction & simultaneous ejection of blood from right ventricle into
in pulmonary vasculature & left ventricle into systemic vasculature
The amount of blood ejected (per contraction) during ~70ml/beat
systole is called stroke volume & the average amount is
The part of the heart cycle in which the right ventricle Diastole
and the left ventricle are receiving/filling with blood from
the right atrium and the left atrium is?
Inotropic adjective used to describe effect of different factors on contractility (pump
action)
Positive Inotropic Effect something that enhances contractility of the heart
Negative Inotropic Effect something that decreases contractility of the heart
Afterload any form of resistance to ejection of blood from a heart chamber
Normal afterload exists when the receiving arteries have normal vasomotor tone (not too constricted, not too dilated) and their lining are
smooth and patent
Normal Right Ventricle afterload pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
Normal Left Ventricle afterload systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Veins thin-walled vessel that take deoxygenated blood from tissue beds all over the
body back to the right side of the heart
Conditions that facilitate good venous return and prevent -proper functioning valves in leg veins
backflow are -well-toned, working muscle tissue around the veins
Most venous disorders occur in the legs
Most venous disorders have to do with some degree of entire amount of venous blood flowing in its proper direction (upward, towards
failure to keep the heart)
Stuvia | Academic Year (2026-2027)
