KINESIOLOGY EXAM 1: ANCIENT
GREECE AND ROME EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026
Influence of games on Greece - ANSWERSathletic contests and games were carried to
mainland Greece by merchant sailors from distant lands like basketball and volleyball
Timeless activities in Greece - ANSWERSdevelop the harmonious relationship between
mind and body (advocated by Plato); continue to build monuments; athletes achieve
victory no matter the cost;
2 Opposing ideas of physical education in Greece - ANSWERSNaturalistic and
Antinaturalistic
Naturalistic - ANSWERSMan should have a harmonious balance among spiritual,
intellectual and physical;
Both physical education and intellectual education should be incorporated and hold the
same value
Antinaturalistic - ANSWERSphysical education was a servant to the intellectual process
- held the MIND in higher esteem than the body/physical education
Greek Philosopher- Socrates - ANSWERSwise, social critic, soldier who wanted
dualism and physical education; there's a universal truth and false beliefs are
dangerous; left no written material; charged with heresy
Socratic Method - ANSWERShe asks questions that he knows the answers to to
expose truth
Plato - ANSWERSSocrates student who wrote everything down; left behind Plato
Academy; people need to be enlightened and in a Utopian society not democracy;
Philosopher King Theory; harmonious relationship between mind and body
Plato's Cave - ANSWERSimagine society is living in a dark cave and all they had was
shadows they looked at, but you can walk out and see the glories sun and learn true
reality
Aristotle - ANSWERSstudent of Plato's Academy; "Father of logic thinking"; tutored
Alexander; happiness is the goal of life; The Golden Mean; started Lyceum school;
health of the soul/mind was contingent on a healthy body
, The Birthplace of Western Civilization (776BC-400 AD!!) - ANSWERSExtremely
advanced society with earliest physical education records;
First dominant culture in Europe; Homer's Iliad and Odyssey
Iliad - ANSWERSwritten account of earliest funeral games of Petroclus; story of the
Trojan War; started because of king of Sparta's wife Helen; embark on competition and
games
Odyssey - ANSWERSOdysseus proving self after returning from Trojan War who is
asked to demonstrate his greatness by throwing the discus
Athlete - ANSWERSone who competes for a prize; comes from athlos (contest) and
prize
Greek Ideal - ANSWERSunity of "man of action" and "man of wisdom"; dominant
philosophy
Arete - ANSWERSall-around physical, mental, moral INDIVIDUAL (not teams)
excellence one strove for
Greek city-states - ANSWERSCollection of regional areas that band together for
protection and commerce ex. Sparta and Athens
Sparta - ANSWERSmilitary disciplined; service to people and government; 7 year old
boys to military or left to die; 7 year old girls did physical activities with women to
produce fit children; dominated in first Olympic games; Ephors
Ephors - ANSWERSperiodic testing to observe progress
Athens - ANSWERSGreek ideal; advanced democracy; dual emphasis on intelligence
and physical (preparing soldiers), but education was only for high class boys within
families; upper class men trained for attractive body; greenery; Polestra
Polestra - ANSWERSgymnasium where kids were taught physical education in Athens
Ancient Olympic Games (776BC-393AD!!) - ANSWERSCompeted their personal bests
in front of judges to honor the gods (Zeus) and prove worth to Athens or Sparta;
sacrificed bulls after games; held every 4 years in late summer
Truce to Zeus - ANSWERS3 month truce to signify the starting of Olympic games; wars
ceased
Olympia - ANSWERSwhere first Olympic games are held
Why did Romans overthrow Greece games? - ANSWERSRomans were Christians;
changed name of Hippodrome to Collesuem
GREECE AND ROME EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026
Influence of games on Greece - ANSWERSathletic contests and games were carried to
mainland Greece by merchant sailors from distant lands like basketball and volleyball
Timeless activities in Greece - ANSWERSdevelop the harmonious relationship between
mind and body (advocated by Plato); continue to build monuments; athletes achieve
victory no matter the cost;
2 Opposing ideas of physical education in Greece - ANSWERSNaturalistic and
Antinaturalistic
Naturalistic - ANSWERSMan should have a harmonious balance among spiritual,
intellectual and physical;
Both physical education and intellectual education should be incorporated and hold the
same value
Antinaturalistic - ANSWERSphysical education was a servant to the intellectual process
- held the MIND in higher esteem than the body/physical education
Greek Philosopher- Socrates - ANSWERSwise, social critic, soldier who wanted
dualism and physical education; there's a universal truth and false beliefs are
dangerous; left no written material; charged with heresy
Socratic Method - ANSWERShe asks questions that he knows the answers to to
expose truth
Plato - ANSWERSSocrates student who wrote everything down; left behind Plato
Academy; people need to be enlightened and in a Utopian society not democracy;
Philosopher King Theory; harmonious relationship between mind and body
Plato's Cave - ANSWERSimagine society is living in a dark cave and all they had was
shadows they looked at, but you can walk out and see the glories sun and learn true
reality
Aristotle - ANSWERSstudent of Plato's Academy; "Father of logic thinking"; tutored
Alexander; happiness is the goal of life; The Golden Mean; started Lyceum school;
health of the soul/mind was contingent on a healthy body
, The Birthplace of Western Civilization (776BC-400 AD!!) - ANSWERSExtremely
advanced society with earliest physical education records;
First dominant culture in Europe; Homer's Iliad and Odyssey
Iliad - ANSWERSwritten account of earliest funeral games of Petroclus; story of the
Trojan War; started because of king of Sparta's wife Helen; embark on competition and
games
Odyssey - ANSWERSOdysseus proving self after returning from Trojan War who is
asked to demonstrate his greatness by throwing the discus
Athlete - ANSWERSone who competes for a prize; comes from athlos (contest) and
prize
Greek Ideal - ANSWERSunity of "man of action" and "man of wisdom"; dominant
philosophy
Arete - ANSWERSall-around physical, mental, moral INDIVIDUAL (not teams)
excellence one strove for
Greek city-states - ANSWERSCollection of regional areas that band together for
protection and commerce ex. Sparta and Athens
Sparta - ANSWERSmilitary disciplined; service to people and government; 7 year old
boys to military or left to die; 7 year old girls did physical activities with women to
produce fit children; dominated in first Olympic games; Ephors
Ephors - ANSWERSperiodic testing to observe progress
Athens - ANSWERSGreek ideal; advanced democracy; dual emphasis on intelligence
and physical (preparing soldiers), but education was only for high class boys within
families; upper class men trained for attractive body; greenery; Polestra
Polestra - ANSWERSgymnasium where kids were taught physical education in Athens
Ancient Olympic Games (776BC-393AD!!) - ANSWERSCompeted their personal bests
in front of judges to honor the gods (Zeus) and prove worth to Athens or Sparta;
sacrificed bulls after games; held every 4 years in late summer
Truce to Zeus - ANSWERS3 month truce to signify the starting of Olympic games; wars
ceased
Olympia - ANSWERSwhere first Olympic games are held
Why did Romans overthrow Greece games? - ANSWERSRomans were Christians;
changed name of Hippodrome to Collesuem
