@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
1 of 4910/5/2026,
1 of 4910/5/2026,
1 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
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Entrance
Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
Biology Entrance Exam
Algae protists and fungi - ✅
-__________ are multicellular in
comparison to archaea, bacteria and other protist.
The smallest whole unit of matter composed of subatomic particles.
Protons and neutrons located in the nucleus, electrons located in energy
shells surrounding the nucleus. - -Atom
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom, eg. O2. - -Element
A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements bonded
together in fixed ratio, pure substances because they have the same type
of particles, eg. H2O form when atoms transfer electrons or share electron
pairs. - -Compound
Formed when atoms join together, could be either an element or
compound. - -Molecule
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact and at least one
benefits. - -Symbiosis
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact and both benefit. -
-Mutualism
A situation in which one organism lives in or on another organism and
feeds on that organism, eg. lice. - -Parasitism
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact; one benefits and
the other is not affected, eg. ivy growing on tree trunk. -
-Commensalism
A species introduced by humans into new environments with unforeseen
consequences, e.g. lion fish. - -Invasive Species
Farming strategy in which large fields are planted with a single crop. -
-Monoculture
Large quantities of greenhouse gases produced and emitted that trap
thermal energy in the atmosphere. - -Climate Change
Habitat loss and pollution which can lead to the loss of a species from a
particular region (not globally) - isolated habitat loss. - -Extirpation
How ecosystem support organisms, remain diverse and meeting the needs
of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
Page 1 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
1 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
,@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
2 of 4910/5/2026,
2 of 4910/5/2026,
2 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
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Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
meet their own needs. This helps the ecosystem to be more resistant to
✅
change, have more feeding relationships, more niches filled, and more
nutrient cycling. - -Sustainability
A jellylike fluid inside the cell, surrounds organelles and contains a "soup"
of important chemicals needed for cell processes. - -Cytoplasm
A membrane sac (organelle) inside a cell that stores food and water (and in
plants, maintain cell shape). - -Vacuole
A vacuole (organelle) with digestive enzymes - breaks down food and
involved in apoptosis (controlled cell death). - -Lysosome
A membrane filled with proteins and enzymes - control what goes in and
what comes out of cells, separates cell from external environment. -
-Cell Membrane
Network of membrane that helps synthesize (make) proteins and lipids. -
-Endoplasmic Reticulum
Very small structures made of DNA and protein usually found on ER
(endoplasmic reticulum). This makes proteins by "reading" genetic code. -
-Ribosome
A membrane tubes in a bundle with buds of membrane coming off. This
sorts, modifies, packages, and transports proteins. - -Golgi Apparatus
An oval-shaped organelle with a double membrane. This is the powerhouse
of the cell and it produces energy from food (sugars) and performs cellular
respiration. - -Mitochondria
A membrane around the nucleus that is very porous, and it allows the
genetic code to be communicated with the ribosomes and allows other
materials in and out of the nucleus. - -Nuclear Membrane
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction. It holds and protects chromatin and is the control centre of
the cell. - -Nucleus
A circular structure inside nucleus which makes ribosomes. -
-Nucleolus
A substance within a chromosome consisting of DNA and protein. The DNA
carries the cell's genetic instructions. The major proteins in chromatin are
histones, which help package the DNA in a compact form that fits in the cell
nucleus. - -Chromatin
Page 2 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
2 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
,@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
3 of 4910/5/2026,
3 of 4910/5/2026,
3 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
A cylindrical organelle composed mainly of a protein called tubulin. It
✅
consists of two perpendicular bundles of tubes and is involved in cell
division. - -Centriole (animal cells only)
Oval-shaped organelle filled with stacks of protein. The main site of
photosynthesis (makes sugar to fuel mitochondrion), chlorophyll in
chloroplast. - -Chloroplasts (plants cells only)
Thick, geometric, tough/hard outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane,
maintains the structure of the plant cell, separates cell from external
environment. - -Cell wall (plants cells only)
Whip-like tail used for locomotion. - -Flagellum/Cilia
A series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell
spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it
grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell
then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division. -
-Cell Cycle
-Unicellular
Organism with one cell -
Organisms with more than one cell. - -Multicellular
Any organism of microscopic/small size (10^-6), can be seen using a
microscope, including bacteria (eg. E coli), fungi (eg. yeasts), etc. The
viewing of organisms in magnified form allows us to see the structure, and
then understand functions. - -Micro-organism
A predicted, educated answer with a theoretical explanation to a testable
question which the experiment attempts to answer. It states the relationship
between the dependent and independent variable(s). - -Hypothesis
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is
being studied - should be the only one. - -Independent Variable
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to
manipulations of the independent variable, measured variable. -
-Dependent Variable
An experiment that involves only one independent variable and multiple
controlled variables, and also involves a control to serve as a basis for
comparison. - -Controlled Experiment
Page 3 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
3 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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5:02:10 AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
, @~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
4 of 4910/5/2026,
4 of 4910/5/2026,
4 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
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Entrance
Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
✅
The presence of many different types of organisms in an ecosystem on
earth. - -Biological Diversity
The variation in the types of ecosystems and habitats (size, shape,
distribution. - -Structural Diversity
The variety of different species and the quantity of each species contributes
to overall diversity. - -Species Diversity
The genetic variability among organisms (usually referring to individuals of
the same species). - -Genetic Diversity
List the Importance of Biodiversity -
-1. More diversity = more
resistant to change.
2. More feeding relationships - ensures consistent food supply.
3. More niches filled means more nutrient cycling.
4. Maintenance of ecosystem services - eg. water filtration, oxygen
production, pollination.
5. Natural beauty/ fascination.
6. Potential for new discoveries - eg. medicines.
7. Economic benefits - eg. ecotourism/exploitation.
List the Threats to Biodiversity -
-1. Habitat loss - changes in land
use.
2. Climate change.
3. Over-exploitation (over harvesting)
4. Invasive species.
5. Pollution.
Definition of a species as a group of populations whose members have the
potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do
not produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups. -
-Biological Species Concept
What is the disadvantage of biological species concept? - -That some
plants may undergo hybridization.
The cross-breeding of 2 different species, some organisms only reproduce
asexually. If species are geographically separate they cannot mate, and
extinct species cannot mate. - -Hybridization
Definition of species that is based on morphology which is the physical
appearance and characteristics. - -Morphological Species Concept
What is the disadvantage of morphological species concept? - -That
significant variation can exist within a species.
Page 4 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
4 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
1 of 4910/5/2026,
1 of 4910/5/2026,
1 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
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Entrance
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
Biology Entrance Exam
Algae protists and fungi - ✅
-__________ are multicellular in
comparison to archaea, bacteria and other protist.
The smallest whole unit of matter composed of subatomic particles.
Protons and neutrons located in the nucleus, electrons located in energy
shells surrounding the nucleus. - -Atom
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom, eg. O2. - -Element
A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements bonded
together in fixed ratio, pure substances because they have the same type
of particles, eg. H2O form when atoms transfer electrons or share electron
pairs. - -Compound
Formed when atoms join together, could be either an element or
compound. - -Molecule
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact and at least one
benefits. - -Symbiosis
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact and both benefit. -
-Mutualism
A situation in which one organism lives in or on another organism and
feeds on that organism, eg. lice. - -Parasitism
A situation in which two organisms live in close contact; one benefits and
the other is not affected, eg. ivy growing on tree trunk. -
-Commensalism
A species introduced by humans into new environments with unforeseen
consequences, e.g. lion fish. - -Invasive Species
Farming strategy in which large fields are planted with a single crop. -
-Monoculture
Large quantities of greenhouse gases produced and emitted that trap
thermal energy in the atmosphere. - -Climate Change
Habitat loss and pollution which can lead to the loss of a species from a
particular region (not globally) - isolated habitat loss. - -Extirpation
How ecosystem support organisms, remain diverse and meeting the needs
of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
Page 1 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
1 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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5:02:10 AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
,@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
2 of 4910/5/2026,
2 of 4910/5/2026,
2 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
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5:02:10
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Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
meet their own needs. This helps the ecosystem to be more resistant to
✅
change, have more feeding relationships, more niches filled, and more
nutrient cycling. - -Sustainability
A jellylike fluid inside the cell, surrounds organelles and contains a "soup"
of important chemicals needed for cell processes. - -Cytoplasm
A membrane sac (organelle) inside a cell that stores food and water (and in
plants, maintain cell shape). - -Vacuole
A vacuole (organelle) with digestive enzymes - breaks down food and
involved in apoptosis (controlled cell death). - -Lysosome
A membrane filled with proteins and enzymes - control what goes in and
what comes out of cells, separates cell from external environment. -
-Cell Membrane
Network of membrane that helps synthesize (make) proteins and lipids. -
-Endoplasmic Reticulum
Very small structures made of DNA and protein usually found on ER
(endoplasmic reticulum). This makes proteins by "reading" genetic code. -
-Ribosome
A membrane tubes in a bundle with buds of membrane coming off. This
sorts, modifies, packages, and transports proteins. - -Golgi Apparatus
An oval-shaped organelle with a double membrane. This is the powerhouse
of the cell and it produces energy from food (sugars) and performs cellular
respiration. - -Mitochondria
A membrane around the nucleus that is very porous, and it allows the
genetic code to be communicated with the ribosomes and allows other
materials in and out of the nucleus. - -Nuclear Membrane
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction. It holds and protects chromatin and is the control centre of
the cell. - -Nucleus
A circular structure inside nucleus which makes ribosomes. -
-Nucleolus
A substance within a chromosome consisting of DNA and protein. The DNA
carries the cell's genetic instructions. The major proteins in chromatin are
histones, which help package the DNA in a compact form that fits in the cell
nucleus. - -Chromatin
Page 2 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
2 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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5:02:10 AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
,@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
3 of 4910/5/2026,
3 of 4910/5/2026,
3 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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Entrance
Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
A cylindrical organelle composed mainly of a protein called tubulin. It
✅
consists of two perpendicular bundles of tubes and is involved in cell
division. - -Centriole (animal cells only)
Oval-shaped organelle filled with stacks of protein. The main site of
photosynthesis (makes sugar to fuel mitochondrion), chlorophyll in
chloroplast. - -Chloroplasts (plants cells only)
Thick, geometric, tough/hard outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane,
maintains the structure of the plant cell, separates cell from external
environment. - -Cell wall (plants cells only)
Whip-like tail used for locomotion. - -Flagellum/Cilia
A series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell
spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it
grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell
then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division. -
-Cell Cycle
-Unicellular
Organism with one cell -
Organisms with more than one cell. - -Multicellular
Any organism of microscopic/small size (10^-6), can be seen using a
microscope, including bacteria (eg. E coli), fungi (eg. yeasts), etc. The
viewing of organisms in magnified form allows us to see the structure, and
then understand functions. - -Micro-organism
A predicted, educated answer with a theoretical explanation to a testable
question which the experiment attempts to answer. It states the relationship
between the dependent and independent variable(s). - -Hypothesis
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is
being studied - should be the only one. - -Independent Variable
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to
manipulations of the independent variable, measured variable. -
-Dependent Variable
An experiment that involves only one independent variable and multiple
controlled variables, and also involves a control to serve as a basis for
comparison. - -Controlled Experiment
Page 3 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
3 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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5:02:10 AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf Entrance Exam.pdf
, @~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
4 of 4910/5/2026,
4 of 4910/5/2026,
4 of5:02:10
4910/5/2026,
5:02:10
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
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Entrance
Exam.pdf
Entrance
Exam.pdf
Exam.pdf
✅
The presence of many different types of organisms in an ecosystem on
earth. - -Biological Diversity
The variation in the types of ecosystems and habitats (size, shape,
distribution. - -Structural Diversity
The variety of different species and the quantity of each species contributes
to overall diversity. - -Species Diversity
The genetic variability among organisms (usually referring to individuals of
the same species). - -Genetic Diversity
List the Importance of Biodiversity -
-1. More diversity = more
resistant to change.
2. More feeding relationships - ensures consistent food supply.
3. More niches filled means more nutrient cycling.
4. Maintenance of ecosystem services - eg. water filtration, oxygen
production, pollination.
5. Natural beauty/ fascination.
6. Potential for new discoveries - eg. medicines.
7. Economic benefits - eg. ecotourism/exploitation.
List the Threats to Biodiversity -
-1. Habitat loss - changes in land
use.
2. Climate change.
3. Over-exploitation (over harvesting)
4. Invasive species.
5. Pollution.
Definition of a species as a group of populations whose members have the
potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do
not produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups. -
-Biological Species Concept
What is the disadvantage of biological species concept? - -That some
plants may undergo hybridization.
The cross-breeding of 2 different species, some organisms only reproduce
asexually. If species are geographically separate they cannot mate, and
extinct species cannot mate. - -Hybridization
Definition of species that is based on morphology which is the physical
appearance and characteristics. - -Morphological Species Concept
What is the disadvantage of morphological species concept? - -That
significant variation can exist within a species.
Page 4 of 4910/5/2026,
@~~!@#)_________!#~@Page
Page
5:02:10
4 of 4910/5/2026,
AM&@*&#^*^($(@*^$&*&(*^$$&$&*$^^&&@&*^$&^_Biology
5:02:10
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