HSA 408 CH. 1-7 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Federal and state policy and law shape what?
Answer:
-virtually all aspects of the healthcare system from structure and organization to service delivery, to
financing, to administrative and judicial oversight.
Question:
2. True or False. Policy and Law are both vi-tal in achieving both every-day and landmark public
health improvements.
Answer:
-True.
Question:
3. Choices made by poli-cymakers and decisions handed down through the judicial system influence
how we what?
Answer:
-approach, experience analyze and research all of these and other specific aspects of the healthcare
system.
Question:
4. What are some of the policy and law in healthcare/pub-lic topics?
Answer:
-advertising and marketing of health services and products. -healthcare contracting employment
issues. -patents -taxation -healthcare discrimination/disparities. -consumer protection. -bioterrorism
-health insurance -prescription drug regulation.
Question:
5. What is one main focus of policy and law in the realm of public health?
Answer:
-locating the appropriate balance between public regulation of private individuals and corporations
and the ability of those same parties to exercise rights that allow them to function free of overly
intrusive government intervention.
Question:
6. The competing interests at the heart of pub-lic health are mainly ad-dressed through two types of
policies and laws such as what?
Answer:
-those that define the functions and powers of public health agen-cies and those that aim to directly
protect and promote health.
Question:
7. There are multiple ways to conceptualize the many im-portant topics that fall un-der the umbrella
of health policy and law, what are the three frameworks?
, Answer:
-1) topical domains of health policy and law. -2) prevailing historical factors. -3) focused on the
individuals and entities impacted by a particular policy or legal determination.
Question:
8. Describe the first concep-tual framework is reserved for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-healthcare -public health: issues arising. -bioethics: controversies in the field.
Question:
9. Describe the second con-ceptual framework is re-served for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-historical terms based on the social, political, and economic views that dominate a particular era.
-health policy & law have been influenced over time by three per-spectives: professional autonomy,
social contract and free market.
Question:
10. Describe the third concep-tual framework is reserved for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-in terms of the stakeholders whose interests are impacted by certain policy choices or by the
passage/interpretation of a law. -examples: patients, healthcare providers, governments, the pub-lic,
manager care, traditional insurance companies, employers, the pharmaceutical industry, the medical
device industry, the research community, interest groups and others all may have a strong interest in
various policies or laws under debate.
Question:
11. Describe the concepts of policy and policymaking.
Answer:
-
Question:
12. Describe the basic func-tion, structure, and powers of the legislative branch of government.
Answer:
-
Question:
13. Describe the basic func-tion, structure, and powers of the executive branch of government.
Answer:
-
Question:
14. Explain the role of federal and state governments in the policymaking process.
Answer:
-
Question:
15. Explain the role of interest groups in the policymaking process.
, Answer:
-
Question:
16. Define Policy. (defined in many different ways)
Answer:
-authoritative decisions made in the legislative, executive or judi-cial branches of government that are
intended to direct or influ-ence the actions, behaviors and decisions of others. -a course of action
adopted and pursued by a government, party, statesman, or other individual or organization.
-authoritative decisions and guidelines that direct human behavior toward specific goals either in the
private or the public sector.
Question:
17. Who makes policy?
Answer:
-Private actors. -Government (federal, state, local). -Authoritative decisionmakers. Examples: private
employers, commercial insurance companies, influential individuals.
Question:
18. Describe the public pol-icymaking structure and process.
Answer:
refers to the various branches of government and the individuals and entities within each branch that
play a role in making and implementing policy decisions. -we review the structure, powers and
constituency of these branches with a focus on the U.S House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate,
and various commissions and agencies that assist Congress, the President, White House staff, and
federal executive branch administrative agencies.
Question:
19. Describe the Public Policy Problems. (Pg. 12).
Answer:
-beyond individual concerns. -determining if a "decision" represents a "policy". -regardless of
whether the policymaker is a public or private fig-ure, it is necessary that the decision being made is
an "authorita-tive decision".
Question:
20. True or False:
The key issue to deter-mining whether a "deci-sion" represents a "policy" is whether the question at
hand is an individual con-cern or a public policy prob-lem.
Answer:
-True.
Question:
21. A public policy prob-lem goes beyond the in-dividual sphere and af-fects the greater commu-nity,
whereas an individ-ual might decide to what ______________________.
, Answer:
to take advantage of employer-sponsored health insurance. -a public policy question is whether all
employers should be required to offer health insurance to their employees whereas an individual
might decided to purchase a generic drug to save money. -focus is not only on who is making a
decision but also on what kind of decision is being made.
Question:
22. Describe the Structuring Policy options.
Answer:
-Some are voluntary whereas others are mandatory. -it is important to recognize that authoritative
decisions do not always require others to act or refrain from acting a certain way. -some of the most
important & effective policies are those that provide incentives to others to change their behavior.
Question:
23. The power of persuasion is very important to public officials, particularly those working for who
? Why?
Answer:
-the federal government -which is limited in its ability to force states & individuals to take certain
actions. -this limitation stems from the fact that the 10th amendment of the U.S. Constitution limits
Congress & the Executive branch to specific powers and reserves all other powers for the states.
Question:
24. The power to ______________ enables Congress to estab-lish executive branch public health
agencies and to al-locate public health-specific funds to states and locali-ties.
Answer:
-Spend
Question:
25. Which of the following di-rects the correct autho-rizing committee to make changes in the law for
mandatory spending pro-grams to meet budgetary goals?
Answer:
-Reconciliation instructions.
Question:
26. In which of the following domains is the central fo-cus on why and how the government regulates
pri-vate individuals and corpo-rations in the name of pro-tecting the health, safety, and welfare of the
general public?
Answer:
-Public health policy & law.
Question:
27. Which historical perspec-tive sees physicians as just one of several stakeholders that lay claim to
important rights and interests in the operation of the healthcare system?
Answer:
-Social contract perspective.
Question:
28. True or False?
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Federal and state policy and law shape what?
Answer:
-virtually all aspects of the healthcare system from structure and organization to service delivery, to
financing, to administrative and judicial oversight.
Question:
2. True or False. Policy and Law are both vi-tal in achieving both every-day and landmark public
health improvements.
Answer:
-True.
Question:
3. Choices made by poli-cymakers and decisions handed down through the judicial system influence
how we what?
Answer:
-approach, experience analyze and research all of these and other specific aspects of the healthcare
system.
Question:
4. What are some of the policy and law in healthcare/pub-lic topics?
Answer:
-advertising and marketing of health services and products. -healthcare contracting employment
issues. -patents -taxation -healthcare discrimination/disparities. -consumer protection. -bioterrorism
-health insurance -prescription drug regulation.
Question:
5. What is one main focus of policy and law in the realm of public health?
Answer:
-locating the appropriate balance between public regulation of private individuals and corporations
and the ability of those same parties to exercise rights that allow them to function free of overly
intrusive government intervention.
Question:
6. The competing interests at the heart of pub-lic health are mainly ad-dressed through two types of
policies and laws such as what?
Answer:
-those that define the functions and powers of public health agen-cies and those that aim to directly
protect and promote health.
Question:
7. There are multiple ways to conceptualize the many im-portant topics that fall un-der the umbrella
of health policy and law, what are the three frameworks?
, Answer:
-1) topical domains of health policy and law. -2) prevailing historical factors. -3) focused on the
individuals and entities impacted by a particular policy or legal determination.
Question:
8. Describe the first concep-tual framework is reserved for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-healthcare -public health: issues arising. -bioethics: controversies in the field.
Question:
9. Describe the second con-ceptual framework is re-served for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-historical terms based on the social, political, and economic views that dominate a particular era.
-health policy & law have been influenced over time by three per-spectives: professional autonomy,
social contract and free market.
Question:
10. Describe the third concep-tual framework is reserved for policy and law concerns in what area?
Answer:
-in terms of the stakeholders whose interests are impacted by certain policy choices or by the
passage/interpretation of a law. -examples: patients, healthcare providers, governments, the pub-lic,
manager care, traditional insurance companies, employers, the pharmaceutical industry, the medical
device industry, the research community, interest groups and others all may have a strong interest in
various policies or laws under debate.
Question:
11. Describe the concepts of policy and policymaking.
Answer:
-
Question:
12. Describe the basic func-tion, structure, and powers of the legislative branch of government.
Answer:
-
Question:
13. Describe the basic func-tion, structure, and powers of the executive branch of government.
Answer:
-
Question:
14. Explain the role of federal and state governments in the policymaking process.
Answer:
-
Question:
15. Explain the role of interest groups in the policymaking process.
, Answer:
-
Question:
16. Define Policy. (defined in many different ways)
Answer:
-authoritative decisions made in the legislative, executive or judi-cial branches of government that are
intended to direct or influ-ence the actions, behaviors and decisions of others. -a course of action
adopted and pursued by a government, party, statesman, or other individual or organization.
-authoritative decisions and guidelines that direct human behavior toward specific goals either in the
private or the public sector.
Question:
17. Who makes policy?
Answer:
-Private actors. -Government (federal, state, local). -Authoritative decisionmakers. Examples: private
employers, commercial insurance companies, influential individuals.
Question:
18. Describe the public pol-icymaking structure and process.
Answer:
refers to the various branches of government and the individuals and entities within each branch that
play a role in making and implementing policy decisions. -we review the structure, powers and
constituency of these branches with a focus on the U.S House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate,
and various commissions and agencies that assist Congress, the President, White House staff, and
federal executive branch administrative agencies.
Question:
19. Describe the Public Policy Problems. (Pg. 12).
Answer:
-beyond individual concerns. -determining if a "decision" represents a "policy". -regardless of
whether the policymaker is a public or private fig-ure, it is necessary that the decision being made is
an "authorita-tive decision".
Question:
20. True or False:
The key issue to deter-mining whether a "deci-sion" represents a "policy" is whether the question at
hand is an individual con-cern or a public policy prob-lem.
Answer:
-True.
Question:
21. A public policy prob-lem goes beyond the in-dividual sphere and af-fects the greater commu-nity,
whereas an individ-ual might decide to what ______________________.
, Answer:
to take advantage of employer-sponsored health insurance. -a public policy question is whether all
employers should be required to offer health insurance to their employees whereas an individual
might decided to purchase a generic drug to save money. -focus is not only on who is making a
decision but also on what kind of decision is being made.
Question:
22. Describe the Structuring Policy options.
Answer:
-Some are voluntary whereas others are mandatory. -it is important to recognize that authoritative
decisions do not always require others to act or refrain from acting a certain way. -some of the most
important & effective policies are those that provide incentives to others to change their behavior.
Question:
23. The power of persuasion is very important to public officials, particularly those working for who
? Why?
Answer:
-the federal government -which is limited in its ability to force states & individuals to take certain
actions. -this limitation stems from the fact that the 10th amendment of the U.S. Constitution limits
Congress & the Executive branch to specific powers and reserves all other powers for the states.
Question:
24. The power to ______________ enables Congress to estab-lish executive branch public health
agencies and to al-locate public health-specific funds to states and locali-ties.
Answer:
-Spend
Question:
25. Which of the following di-rects the correct autho-rizing committee to make changes in the law for
mandatory spending pro-grams to meet budgetary goals?
Answer:
-Reconciliation instructions.
Question:
26. In which of the following domains is the central fo-cus on why and how the government regulates
pri-vate individuals and corpo-rations in the name of pro-tecting the health, safety, and welfare of the
general public?
Answer:
-Public health policy & law.
Question:
27. Which historical perspec-tive sees physicians as just one of several stakeholders that lay claim to
important rights and interests in the operation of the healthcare system?
Answer:
-Social contract perspective.
Question:
28. True or False?
