Anatomy And Physiology 1 Exam 1 Updated Actual Questions And Correct Answers

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1 UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
anatomy

ANSWER
study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect;
Anatomists study structure and form of organims studying the relationships among parts of the body
and the structure of individual organs



Question 2.
physiology

ANSWER
the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how organs and body systems function
under normal circumstances as well as how their functions are altered with medication or disease



Question 3.
branches of anatomy

ANSWER
microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the unaided eye (cytology- study of body cells and
their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues) gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,;
macroscopic (systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a complete unit)



Question 4.
embryology

ANSWER
discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from conception to birth



Question 5.
comparative A&P

ANSWER
examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physiology of different species



Question 6.
pathophysiology

ANSWER
relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to that organ system



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,Question 7.
basic qualities of life

ANSWER
organization- each organism has a complex structure and order metabolism- the sum of all chemical
reactions to occur within a body; anabolism (smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger
molecules are broken down to smaller) growth and development- each organism assimilates
materials from its environment and often grows and develops responsiveness- ability to sense and
react to stimuli regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of enviinternal
environment



Question 8.
organization of the human body

ANSWER
chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules, macromolecules, and organelles cell level- consists of
cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level tissue level- made up of tissues which
are made of cells organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and
acheive a common function



Question 9.
anterior

ANSWER
in front of



Question 10.
posterior

ANSWER
in back of



Question 11.
dorsal

ANSWER
on the backside of the human body



Question 12.
ventral

ANSWER
on the belly side of the human body




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, Question 13.
superior

ANSWER
closer to the head



Question 14.
inferior

ANSWER
closer to the feet



Question 15.
deep

ANSWER
on the inside



Question 16.
superficial

ANSWER
on the outside



Question 17.
homeostasis

ANSWER
refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment or "steady state";
for example if the body gets hot due to external temperature, the body maintains a steady state by
circulating more blood toward the surface to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood
pressure when you get out of bed in the morning receptor- detects changes in variable; either
substance or process stimulus the effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels effector-
structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in the lungs that bring air flow



Question 18.
positive feedback

ANSWER
set point-- what is normal action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby:
suckling causes receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast tissue to
produce milk




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