University of South Florida NUR 3125 Pathophysiology Practice
Exam Set 2 | 120 Questions with Answers and Rationales
Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal, and Acid-Base Disorders
Cardiovascular disease
1. A patient has sharp chest pain worse when supine, relief leaning forward, and
a pericardial friction rub. Which disorder fits?
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Right-sided heart failure
C. Pericarditis
D. Acute myocardial infarction
2. Which process best characterizes aortic dissection?
A. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
B. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
C. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
D. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
3. Which process best characterizes pericarditis?
A. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
B. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
C. Inflammation of the pericardial layers causes pain and friction
D. Sustained myocardial ischemia produces cardiomyocyte necrosis
4.An artery contains an intimal plaque with a lipid core and fibrous cap.
Which disease process is present?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Right-sided heart failure
D. Mitral regurgitation
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 1
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, 5. Which process best characterizes atrial fibrillation?
A. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
B. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
C. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
D. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
6. A patient has orthopnea, crackles, and pulmonary edema associated with
impaired left ventricular function. Which syndrome fits?
A. Left-sided heart failure
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Aortic stenosis
D. Aortic dissection
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 2
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, 7. Which process best characterizes right-sided heart failure?
A. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
B. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
C. An incompetent mitral valve permits systolic backflow into the left atrium
D. Inflammation of the pericardial layers causes pain and friction
8. An older adult has exertional syncope and a harsh systolic murmur radiating
to the carotids. Which valve disorder is most likely?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Stable angina
C. Atrial fibrillation
D. Aortic dissection
9. Which process best characterizes stable angina?
A. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
B. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
C. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
D. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
10. Which process best characterizes atherosclerosis?
A. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
B. An incompetent mitral valve permits systolic backflow into the left atrium
C. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
D. Sustained myocardial ischemia produces cardiomyocyte necrosis
11. Which process best characterizes aortic stenosis?
A. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
B. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
C. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
D. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
12. A patient has distended neck veins, dependent edema, and hepatic congestion
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 3
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, due to impaired right ventricular function. Which syndrome fits?
A. Pericarditis
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Mitral regurgitation
D. Right-sided heart failure
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 4
material
Exam Set 2 | 120 Questions with Answers and Rationales
Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal, and Acid-Base Disorders
Cardiovascular disease
1. A patient has sharp chest pain worse when supine, relief leaning forward, and
a pericardial friction rub. Which disorder fits?
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Right-sided heart failure
C. Pericarditis
D. Acute myocardial infarction
2. Which process best characterizes aortic dissection?
A. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
B. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
C. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
D. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
3. Which process best characterizes pericarditis?
A. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
B. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
C. Inflammation of the pericardial layers causes pain and friction
D. Sustained myocardial ischemia produces cardiomyocyte necrosis
4.An artery contains an intimal plaque with a lipid core and fibrous cap.
Which disease process is present?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Right-sided heart failure
D. Mitral regurgitation
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 1
material
, 5. Which process best characterizes atrial fibrillation?
A. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
B. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
C. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
D. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
6. A patient has orthopnea, crackles, and pulmonary edema associated with
impaired left ventricular function. Which syndrome fits?
A. Left-sided heart failure
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Aortic stenosis
D. Aortic dissection
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 2
material
, 7. Which process best characterizes right-sided heart failure?
A. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
B. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
C. An incompetent mitral valve permits systolic backflow into the left atrium
D. Inflammation of the pericardial layers causes pain and friction
8. An older adult has exertional syncope and a harsh systolic murmur radiating
to the carotids. Which valve disorder is most likely?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Stable angina
C. Atrial fibrillation
D. Aortic dissection
9. Which process best characterizes stable angina?
A. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
B. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
C. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
D. Elevated left-heart filling pressures cause pulmonary congestion
10. Which process best characterizes atherosclerosis?
A. Lipid-rich inflammatory plaques develop within arterial walls
B. An incompetent mitral valve permits systolic backflow into the left atrium
C. Elevated systemic venous pressure causes peripheral congestion
D. Sustained myocardial ischemia produces cardiomyocyte necrosis
11. Which process best characterizes aortic stenosis?
A. Disorganized atrial electrical activity produces irregular ventricular activation
B. An intimal tear allows blood to separate layers of the aortic wall
C. Narrowing of the aortic valve obstructs left ventricular outflow
D. Predictable demand-related myocardial ischemia without acute infarction
12. A patient has distended neck veins, dependent edema, and hepatic congestion
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 3
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, due to impaired right ventricular function. Which syndrome fits?
A. Pericarditis
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Mitral regurgitation
D. Right-sided heart failure
NUR 3125 | Pathophysiology | Set 2 | Original practice 4
material
