NUR 312 Unit 4 Questions & Answers
ALT range
4-36
AST range
0-35
Hemoglobin range
12-16 females; 14-18 males
Hematocrit range
37-47% females, 42-52% males
Blood ammonia range
10-80
Albumin range
3.5-5
total bilirubin range
0.3-1
amylase range
30-220
Crohn's disease patho and how it affects the GI tract
, inflammation and ulceration of the GI tract, often at the distal ileum, can involve all bowel layers
and the entire GI tract; can cause lesions, fistulas, malabsorption, obstruction and diverticulitis
S/S of Crohn's
Abdominal pain/cramping in RLQ, diarrhea (5 loose stools a day with mucus or pus),
steatorrhea, fatigue, anorexia and weight loss
Complications of Crohn's disease and nursing interventions
-Toxic megacolon (occurs due to inactivity of the colon and massive dilation): NG suction, IV
fluids and electrolytes, antibiotics and corticosteroids, prepare for surgery
-Perforated ulcers: fluids, blood, assess vitals, monitor electrolytes
-Small bowel obstruction: bowel rest, assess sounds, semi fowlers, surgery if needed
Nursing interventions for Crohn's
Monitor electrolytes, I&Os, assess for dehydration, assist in identifying triggers; corticosteroids,
immunosuppressants, biologics, NPO and TPN for bowel rest during severe exacerbations
Patient education for Crohn's
-Diet: high protein, high calorie, low fiber foods, small frequent meals (avoid dairy, raw fruits
and veggies, greasy or spicy foods)
-Avoid caffeine and alcohol
-Weigh 1-2x weekly
-B12 injections if needed
GERD patho, causes, impact on esophagus
ALT range
4-36
AST range
0-35
Hemoglobin range
12-16 females; 14-18 males
Hematocrit range
37-47% females, 42-52% males
Blood ammonia range
10-80
Albumin range
3.5-5
total bilirubin range
0.3-1
amylase range
30-220
Crohn's disease patho and how it affects the GI tract
, inflammation and ulceration of the GI tract, often at the distal ileum, can involve all bowel layers
and the entire GI tract; can cause lesions, fistulas, malabsorption, obstruction and diverticulitis
S/S of Crohn's
Abdominal pain/cramping in RLQ, diarrhea (5 loose stools a day with mucus or pus),
steatorrhea, fatigue, anorexia and weight loss
Complications of Crohn's disease and nursing interventions
-Toxic megacolon (occurs due to inactivity of the colon and massive dilation): NG suction, IV
fluids and electrolytes, antibiotics and corticosteroids, prepare for surgery
-Perforated ulcers: fluids, blood, assess vitals, monitor electrolytes
-Small bowel obstruction: bowel rest, assess sounds, semi fowlers, surgery if needed
Nursing interventions for Crohn's
Monitor electrolytes, I&Os, assess for dehydration, assist in identifying triggers; corticosteroids,
immunosuppressants, biologics, NPO and TPN for bowel rest during severe exacerbations
Patient education for Crohn's
-Diet: high protein, high calorie, low fiber foods, small frequent meals (avoid dairy, raw fruits
and veggies, greasy or spicy foods)
-Avoid caffeine and alcohol
-Weigh 1-2x weekly
-B12 injections if needed
GERD patho, causes, impact on esophagus
