, 1.1 Developments in East Africa from c.1200 to c. 1450
Governance
A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments
maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments
obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.
● Empires and states in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity
in the 13th century. This included the Song Dynasty of China, which utilized traditional methods of
Confucianism and an imperial bureaucracy to maintain and justify its rule.
How did the Han Dynasty centralize its government and create an imperial bureaucracy?
The Han Dynasty centralized its government and created an imperial bureaucracy by
replicating the Qin administrative structure, dividing the country into administrative regions
rules by appointed officials. A salaried bureaucracy was developed and Confucian ideology
was adopted, emphasizing virtue, moderation, and filial piety(Care for one’s parents and
elders).
How did the Tang & Song Dynasties maintain and justify their rule?
The Tang and Song Dynasties maintained and justified their rule through Confucianist
ideologies, imperial bureaucracy, and the Mandate of Heaven. The Madate of Heaven
was a philosophical concept of a just ruler chosen by heaven, and this was used to
justify the emperor’s decisions and rule. The enforcement and influence of Confucianist
policies made painted the government as wise and morally just. The imperial bureaucracy
centralized the government and allowed for absolute loyalty, control over military power,
and the promotion of Confucianism.
Cultural Developments and Interactions
The developments of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrate how groups in society view themselves, and the
interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.
● Chinese cultural traditions continued, and they influenced neighboring regions.
What were the effects on East Asia?
Filial piety shaped family structures and
Filial piety emphasized family obligations while also
contributing to a hierarchical social structure .
This was used by states to enforce social
order.
Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism
Influence of Neo- influenced East Asian ethics, education,
and was used to justify rule. Additionally,
Confucianism & Buddhism Buddhism influenced merchant social
status
Confucian traditions regarding women
Confucian traditions created a standard an a set of expectations
for women in East Asia, such as obedience
regarding women to their fathers and husbands or serving the
household.
Literary & scholarly traditions Influenced the development and sharing of
spread to Heian Japan & different literary forms and philosophies from
Korea different national identities
● Buddhism and its core beliefs continued to shape societies in Asia and included a variety of branches,
schools, and practices.
Governance
A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments
maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments
obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.
● Empires and states in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity
in the 13th century. This included the Song Dynasty of China, which utilized traditional methods of
Confucianism and an imperial bureaucracy to maintain and justify its rule.
How did the Han Dynasty centralize its government and create an imperial bureaucracy?
The Han Dynasty centralized its government and created an imperial bureaucracy by
replicating the Qin administrative structure, dividing the country into administrative regions
rules by appointed officials. A salaried bureaucracy was developed and Confucian ideology
was adopted, emphasizing virtue, moderation, and filial piety(Care for one’s parents and
elders).
How did the Tang & Song Dynasties maintain and justify their rule?
The Tang and Song Dynasties maintained and justified their rule through Confucianist
ideologies, imperial bureaucracy, and the Mandate of Heaven. The Madate of Heaven
was a philosophical concept of a just ruler chosen by heaven, and this was used to
justify the emperor’s decisions and rule. The enforcement and influence of Confucianist
policies made painted the government as wise and morally just. The imperial bureaucracy
centralized the government and allowed for absolute loyalty, control over military power,
and the promotion of Confucianism.
Cultural Developments and Interactions
The developments of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrate how groups in society view themselves, and the
interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.
● Chinese cultural traditions continued, and they influenced neighboring regions.
What were the effects on East Asia?
Filial piety shaped family structures and
Filial piety emphasized family obligations while also
contributing to a hierarchical social structure .
This was used by states to enforce social
order.
Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism
Influence of Neo- influenced East Asian ethics, education,
and was used to justify rule. Additionally,
Confucianism & Buddhism Buddhism influenced merchant social
status
Confucian traditions regarding women
Confucian traditions created a standard an a set of expectations
for women in East Asia, such as obedience
regarding women to their fathers and husbands or serving the
household.
Literary & scholarly traditions Influenced the development and sharing of
spread to Heian Japan & different literary forms and philosophies from
Korea different national identities
● Buddhism and its core beliefs continued to shape societies in Asia and included a variety of branches,
schools, and practices.
