,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
zx zx zx zx zx
OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing
Instructor Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing .............................. 3
Chapter 2: Culturally Competent Nursing Care ............................................................................ 11
Chapter 3: Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention, and Well-Person Care ................ 18
Chapter 4: Influences on Fertility ................................................................................................. 27
Chapter 5: Family Planning ........................................................................................................... 33
Chapter 6: Structural and Tissue Disorders of the Reproductive System .................................... 44
Chapter 7: Commonly Occurring Reproductive and Genitourinary System Infections................ 49
Chapter 8: Disorders of the Breast ............................................................................................... 54
Chapter 9: Violence Against Women ............................................................................................ 57
Chapter 10: Pregnancy .................................................................................................................. 66
Chapter 11: Prenatal Care ............................................................................................................. 74
Chapter 12: Pregnancy at Risk ...................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 13: Prenatal Testing ........................................................................................................ 86
Chapter 14: Childbirth Education Options .................................................................................... 90
Chapter 15: Process of Labor and Birth ........................................................................................ 98
Chapter 16: Electronic Fetal and Uterine Contraction Monitoring ............................................ 104
Chapter 17: Pain Management During Labor and Birth ............................................................. 111
Chapter 18: Nursing Care and Interventions During Labor and Birth ........................................ 116
Chapter 19: Complications of Labor and Birth ........................................................................... 122
Chapter 20: Postpartum Care ..................................................................................................... 130
Chapter 21: Postpartum Complications...................................................................................... 135
Chapter 22: Immediate Care of the Newborn ............................................................................ 140
Chapter 23: Newborn Assessment ............................................................................................. 145
Chapter 24: Care of the Typical Newborn .................................................................................. 150
Chapter 25: Care of the Newborn at Risk ................................................................................... 155
Chapter 26: Perinatal Bereavement ........................................................................................... 160
Chapter 27: Unfolding Case Study: Applying Clinical Judgment ................................................. 164
2
Forzxmorezxfree,zxpeer-reviewed,zxopenlyzxlicensedzxresourceszxvisitzxOpenStax.org.zxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzx
10/4/2026
,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
zx zx zx zx zx
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-zx zx zx zx
Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing zx zx zx zx
Review Questions zx
1. What is one purpose of the Healthy People 2030 objectives?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Stop world hunger. zx zx
b. Prevent conflict and war in other countries. zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Address issues in health care to solve cancer. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
3. The nurse is doing a review of systems on a person in the clinic. The nurse asks if the patie
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
nt has any problems with sexual dysfunction. Why is it important for the nurse to ask all p
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
eople this question? zx zx
a. Some people may not bring up the topic of sex due to taboos and stigma.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. All patients will eventually have sexual problems.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Nurses should ask because other health- zx zx zx zx zx
care providers are not trained to ask those questions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Sexual dysfunction is a taboo only for people AFAB.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: A] zx
5. The nurse is caring for a person AFAB who is 15 years old. Why would a gynecologic provi
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
der see a person at this age?
zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The person’s partner desires permanent sterilization.
zx zx zx zx zx
b. Their family told the person they had to get a Pap smear.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The person was late starting care because the first visit should be before the age of 13
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
.
d. The person may want to discuss their menstrual cycle and hormonal changes.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
7. What occurred after childbirth migrated from the home to the hospital?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Infection rates dropped in the hospital. zx zx zx zx zx
b. Laboring people were given greater support in labor. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The childbirth model became a medical model.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Pain relief allowed laboring people to spend more time with their partners in labor.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
9. A community health nurse recognizes an increase in maternal mortality in the neighborho
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
od. What could the community health nurse do?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Conduct weekly prenatal appointments in their home. zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. Draw blood on all pregnant people to look for anemia.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Assess the health of a baby using an ultrasound.zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Develop an educational pamphlet discussing signs of preeclampsia.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
11. What is the purpose of the standards of care for nurses?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. to guide hospital administration to promote nurses
zx zx zx zx zx zx
3
, OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
zx zx zx zx zx
b. to ensure nurses are assessing patients
zx zx zx zx zx
c. to protect the public’s safety
zx zx zx zx
d. to protect the health-care providers
zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
13. The nurse makes an error of omission. What is an example of an error of omission?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. placing the fetal monitor incorrectly zx zx zx zx
b. not recording input/output amounts
zx zx zx
c. not covering the computer screen when documenting
zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. removing an IV zx zx
[Answer: B] zx
15. What is a good example of informed consent?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The nurse hands the patient the stack of consents and asks them to sign them.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. The nurse tells the patient not to worry about reading the consents.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The nurse alerts the OB that the patient has questions about the cesarean consent.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. The nurse explains that it is not their job to answer questions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
17. What is an example of maternal-fetal conflict?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The pregnant person agrees to treatment no matter what happens to them.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. The pregnant person has cancer but cannot start treatment until the fetus is delivered.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The fetus is in distress, and the pregnant person agrees to a cesarean birth.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. The parents of a fetus agree to a labor induction.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: B] zx
Check Your Understanding Questions
zx zx zx
1. How can nurses use the Healthy People 2030 objectives to advance the health of their pati
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ents?
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include that the nurse uses these objectives to help ed
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ucate people regarding health promotion and disease prevention. Patient education based on
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
these objectives can help prevent cervical cancer, heart disease, and adolescent pregnancies,
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
and can elevate the health and wellness of people assigned female at birth.]
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
3. Name three core concepts of women’s health nursing.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include any three from this list.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• recognizing the diversity of women’s health needs zx zx zx zx zx zx
• emphasizing empowerment through informed participation in one’s health care zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• acknowledging the importance of research in gender differences in disease and res zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ponse to drugs zx zx
• recognizing the need for a multidisciplinary team approach zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• striving for symmetry in provider-patient relationships zx zx zx zx zx
• providing access to information zx zx zx zx
• engaging in shared decision making zx zx zx zx
• striving for change] zx zx
4
Forzxmorezxfree,zxpeer-reviewed,zxopenlyzxlicensedzxresourceszxvisitzxOpenStax.org.zxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzx
10/4/2026
zx zx zx zx zx
OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing
Instructor Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing .............................. 3
Chapter 2: Culturally Competent Nursing Care ............................................................................ 11
Chapter 3: Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention, and Well-Person Care ................ 18
Chapter 4: Influences on Fertility ................................................................................................. 27
Chapter 5: Family Planning ........................................................................................................... 33
Chapter 6: Structural and Tissue Disorders of the Reproductive System .................................... 44
Chapter 7: Commonly Occurring Reproductive and Genitourinary System Infections................ 49
Chapter 8: Disorders of the Breast ............................................................................................... 54
Chapter 9: Violence Against Women ............................................................................................ 57
Chapter 10: Pregnancy .................................................................................................................. 66
Chapter 11: Prenatal Care ............................................................................................................. 74
Chapter 12: Pregnancy at Risk ...................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 13: Prenatal Testing ........................................................................................................ 86
Chapter 14: Childbirth Education Options .................................................................................... 90
Chapter 15: Process of Labor and Birth ........................................................................................ 98
Chapter 16: Electronic Fetal and Uterine Contraction Monitoring ............................................ 104
Chapter 17: Pain Management During Labor and Birth ............................................................. 111
Chapter 18: Nursing Care and Interventions During Labor and Birth ........................................ 116
Chapter 19: Complications of Labor and Birth ........................................................................... 122
Chapter 20: Postpartum Care ..................................................................................................... 130
Chapter 21: Postpartum Complications...................................................................................... 135
Chapter 22: Immediate Care of the Newborn ............................................................................ 140
Chapter 23: Newborn Assessment ............................................................................................. 145
Chapter 24: Care of the Typical Newborn .................................................................................. 150
Chapter 25: Care of the Newborn at Risk ................................................................................... 155
Chapter 26: Perinatal Bereavement ........................................................................................... 160
Chapter 27: Unfolding Case Study: Applying Clinical Judgment ................................................. 164
2
Forzxmorezxfree,zxpeer-reviewed,zxopenlyzxlicensedzxresourceszxvisitzxOpenStax.org.zxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzx
10/4/2026
,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
zx zx zx zx zx
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-zx zx zx zx
Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing zx zx zx zx
Review Questions zx
1. What is one purpose of the Healthy People 2030 objectives?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Stop world hunger. zx zx
b. Prevent conflict and war in other countries. zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Address issues in health care to solve cancer. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
3. The nurse is doing a review of systems on a person in the clinic. The nurse asks if the patie
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
nt has any problems with sexual dysfunction. Why is it important for the nurse to ask all p
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
eople this question? zx zx
a. Some people may not bring up the topic of sex due to taboos and stigma.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. All patients will eventually have sexual problems.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Nurses should ask because other health- zx zx zx zx zx
care providers are not trained to ask those questions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Sexual dysfunction is a taboo only for people AFAB.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: A] zx
5. The nurse is caring for a person AFAB who is 15 years old. Why would a gynecologic provi
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
der see a person at this age?
zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The person’s partner desires permanent sterilization.
zx zx zx zx zx
b. Their family told the person they had to get a Pap smear.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The person was late starting care because the first visit should be before the age of 13
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
.
d. The person may want to discuss their menstrual cycle and hormonal changes.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
7. What occurred after childbirth migrated from the home to the hospital?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Infection rates dropped in the hospital. zx zx zx zx zx
b. Laboring people were given greater support in labor. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The childbirth model became a medical model.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Pain relief allowed laboring people to spend more time with their partners in labor.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
9. A community health nurse recognizes an increase in maternal mortality in the neighborho
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
od. What could the community health nurse do?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Conduct weekly prenatal appointments in their home. zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. Draw blood on all pregnant people to look for anemia.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. Assess the health of a baby using an ultrasound.zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. Develop an educational pamphlet discussing signs of preeclampsia.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: D] zx
11. What is the purpose of the standards of care for nurses?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. to guide hospital administration to promote nurses
zx zx zx zx zx zx
3
, OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
zx zx zx zx zx
b. to ensure nurses are assessing patients
zx zx zx zx zx
c. to protect the public’s safety
zx zx zx zx
d. to protect the health-care providers
zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
13. The nurse makes an error of omission. What is an example of an error of omission?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. placing the fetal monitor incorrectly zx zx zx zx
b. not recording input/output amounts
zx zx zx
c. not covering the computer screen when documenting
zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. removing an IV zx zx
[Answer: B] zx
15. What is a good example of informed consent?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The nurse hands the patient the stack of consents and asks them to sign them.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. The nurse tells the patient not to worry about reading the consents.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The nurse alerts the OB that the patient has questions about the cesarean consent.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. The nurse explains that it is not their job to answer questions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: C] zx
17. What is an example of maternal-fetal conflict?
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. The pregnant person agrees to treatment no matter what happens to them.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
b. The pregnant person has cancer but cannot start treatment until the fetus is delivered.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. The fetus is in distress, and the pregnant person agrees to a cesarean birth.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
d. The parents of a fetus agree to a labor induction.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: B] zx
Check Your Understanding Questions
zx zx zx
1. How can nurses use the Healthy People 2030 objectives to advance the health of their pati
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ents?
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include that the nurse uses these objectives to help ed
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ucate people regarding health promotion and disease prevention. Patient education based on
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
these objectives can help prevent cervical cancer, heart disease, and adolescent pregnancies,
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
and can elevate the health and wellness of people assigned female at birth.]
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
3. Name three core concepts of women’s health nursing.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include any three from this list.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• recognizing the diversity of women’s health needs zx zx zx zx zx zx
• emphasizing empowerment through informed participation in one’s health care zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• acknowledging the importance of research in gender differences in disease and res zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ponse to drugs zx zx
• recognizing the need for a multidisciplinary team approach zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
• striving for symmetry in provider-patient relationships zx zx zx zx zx
• providing access to information zx zx zx zx
• engaging in shared decision making zx zx zx zx
• striving for change] zx zx
4
Forzxmorezxfree,zxpeer-reviewed,zxopenlyzxlicensedzxresourceszxvisitzxOpenStax.org.zxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzxzx
10/4/2026
